芙欣治疗非淋菌性尿道炎、宫颈炎的疗效

非淋菌性尿道炎、宫颈炎的发病率正日益上升,衣原体及支原体作为其重要的病原体越来越受到重视,因而选择合适可靠的抗衣原体、支原体药物对治疗非淋菌性尿道炎意义重大.红霉素已被证明有抗衣原体、支原体作用,罗红霉素是新一代14元大环内酯类抗生素,其口服吸收效果较好,且较红霉素耐酸.为评价其治疗非淋菌性尿道炎、宫颈炎的疗效,我们采用芙欣（罗红霉素,江苏恒瑞医药股份有限公司生产,批号0204203）治疗尿道非淋菌性炎132例,结果报告如下.     

米诺环素与加替沙星治疗非淋菌性尿道炎(宫颈炎)的疗效对比

目的:比较米诺环素与加替沙星在治疗非淋菌性尿道炎(宫颈炎)的临床疗效.方法:将216例患者随机分为米诺环素组及加替沙星组进行临床疗效的观察和比较.结果米诺环素组有效率为92.6%,加替沙星组有效率为90.7%,无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论:米诺环素是治疗尿道炎(宫颈炎)安全、经济,可用于临床.     

盐酸多西环素与阿奇霉素对非淋菌性尿道炎及宫颈炎患者的临床疗效比较

目的:比较盐酸多西环素对非淋菌性尿道炎及宫颈炎患者的临床疗效。方法:选取2015年10月—2016年10月期间收治的非淋菌性尿道炎及宫颈炎患者90例临床资料,采用随机单盲法将其分为对照组和观察组(每组45例);对照组患者给予阿奇霉素治疗,观察组患者给予盐酸多西环素治疗,比较两组患者治疗后的总有效率和临床缓解时间。结果:观察组患者治疗总后有效率为95.56%高于对照组为82.22%(P<0.05),症状缓解时间优于对照组(P<0.05),用药期期间不良反应的发生率为8.89%低于对照组为24.44%(P<0.05)。结论:采用盐酸多西环素治疗非淋菌性尿道炎及宫颈炎患者的临床疗效优于阿奇霉素,症状缓解时间快,安全性较高。     

莫西沙星治疗非淋菌性尿道炎(宫颈炎)52例疗效观察

目的对照观察莫西沙星与阿奇霉素治疗非淋菌性尿道炎（宫颈炎）的疗效。方法对确诊非淋菌性尿道炎（宫颈炎）患者，采取口服拜复乐400mg，1日1次．疗程12d；同时将2003-2005年间服用阿奇霉素治疗组作为对照。结果莫西沙星组治愈率75．0％，总有效率94．2％；阿奇霉素组治愈率62．5％，总有效率为75．0％，两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．05）；结论莫西沙星疗效明显优于阿奇霉素。可以作为治疗非淋菌性尿道炎（宫颈炎）的有效药物。     

三种药物治疗女性非淋菌性尿道炎宫颈炎疗效观察

女性非淋菌性尿道炎宫颈炎多由支原体和(或)衣原体引起,是妇科门诊常见的性传播疾病之一,且发病率和耐药率不断上升。寻找一种高效、安全的治疗药物很有必要。我科自2003年5月～2005年12月运用克拉霉素片、阿奇霉素分散片和加替沙星胶囊口服治疗158例女性非淋菌性尿道炎宫颈炎。现总结如下:     

阿奇霉素与阴道栓剂联合在非淋菌性宫颈炎治疗中的临床疗效分析

目的探讨选择阿奇霉素与阴道栓剂对非淋菌性宫颈炎患者完成治疗后获得的临床效果。方法选择我院2013年8月至2015年8月非淋菌性宫颈炎患者104例。通过抽签法对非淋菌性宫颈炎患者进行随机分组。D2组(对照组52例):选择阿奇霉素对宫颈炎患者进行治疗;D1组(观察组52例):选择阿奇霉素与阴道栓剂对患者进行治疗。比较两组宫颈炎患者在临床疗效以及病原株菌转阴率两方面存在的差异。结果完成治疗后,D1组患者治疗总有效率为98.08%,D2组为82.69%,D1组明显高于D2组非淋菌性宫颈炎患者(P<0.05);D1组患者病原株菌转阴率为94.23%,D2组为61.54%,D1组明显高于D2组非淋菌性宫颈炎患者(P<0.05)。结论选择阿奇霉素与聚甲酚磺醛阴道栓剂对非淋菌性宫颈炎患者进行治疗,能够将患者临床疗效有效提高,将患者病原株菌转阴率有效提高,凸显两种药物联合治疗非淋菌性宫颈炎疾病的临床价值。     

克拉霉素治疗非淋球菌性尿道炎的临床疗效观察

目的评价克拉霉素治疗非淋球菌性尿道炎(NGU)的临床疗效和安全性。方法对90例应用克拉霉素治疗非淋球菌性尿道炎(NGU)的病例进行回顾性分析。结果克拉霉素治疗非淋球菌性尿道炎(NGU)的有效率可达到86.7%,偶见不良反应,改变服药方法后消除。结论克拉霉素是治疗非淋菌性尿道炎的有效药物。     

洛美沙星治疗支原体性非淋菌性尿道炎(宫颈炎)的疗效观察

目的 探寻治疗支原体性非淋菌性尿道炎(宫颈炎)[NGU(NGC)]的理想抗菌药.方法 观察洛美沙星治疗支原体性NGU(NGC)的疗效,并与阿奇霉素进行比较.结果 洛关沙星的有效率为75%,与阿奇霉素的疗效比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),并无明显不良反应.结论 洛美沙星是治疗支原体性NGU(NGC)的一种安全、有效的抗菌药.     

4种抗菌药物治疗非淋菌性尿道炎及宫颈炎的成本-效果分析

目的探讨4种抗菌药物治疗方案对同一疾病所产生的经济效果.方法将254例非淋菌性尿道炎及宫颈炎患者随机分成4组,分别给予希舒美(A组)、尤尼克(B组)、罗红霉素(C组)、左氧氟沙星(D组)治疗,运用药物经济学的成本-效果分析方法进行评价.结果4种方案的成本依次为66.40、38.00、39.90、95.20元,治愈率分别为88.06%、82.81%、73.02%、78.33%.结论B方案为最佳治疗方案.     

中西医结合治疗非淋菌性尿道炎(宫颈炎)临床观察

非淋菌性尿道炎（NGU）是常见的性传播疾病之一。男性患者以尿道炎为主要症状，女性患者以宫颈炎为主要症状。我们在2002年1月～2005年12月间，随机选择西医和中西医结合治疗非淋菌性尿道炎（宫颈炎）100例，进行了疗效观察。现报道如下：     

Allosteric interaction of zinc with recombinant alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) and alpha(1)beta(2) GABA(A) receptors

In a recent study we have provided evidence that inhibition of native GABA(A) receptors by zinc depends primarily on the allosteric modulation of receptor gating. Both the kinetics and the sensitivity of the GABA(A) receptor to zinc depend on subunit composition, especially on the presence of the gamma(2) subunit. To analyze the mechanism of action of zinc its effects have been tested on recombinant alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) and alpha(1)beta(2) receptors expressed in HEK 293 cells. The currents produced by ultrafast application of GABA have been measured to assess the impact of zinc ions on GABA(A) receptor gating with resolution corresponding to the time scale of synaptic currents. While, as expected, zinc markedly reduced the peak amplitude of alpha(1)beta(2)-mediated currents, its effect on kinetics was significantly different from that observed for alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2). In particular, unlike alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2), zinc did not affect the onset of alpha(1)beta(2)-mediated responses. Moreover, zinc increased the extent of desensitisation of alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) receptors and reduced desensitisation of alpha(1)beta(2) ones. Quantitative analysis suggests that zinc exerts an allosteric modulation on both alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) and alpha(1)beta(2) receptors. Zinc effects on alpha(1)beta(2)gamma(2) were qualitatively similar to those reported for native receptors.     

(S)-(-)-氨磺必利-D-(-)-酒石酸盐的合成

目的研究（S）-（-）-氨磺必利-D-（-）-酒石酸盐的制备方法。方法以4-氨基-2-甲氧基-5-巯基苯甲酸为原料,经乙基化、氧化得4-氨基-2-甲氧基-5-乙基磺酰基苯甲酸（4）,另由1-乙基-2-氨甲基吡咯烷经D-（-）-酒石酸拆分得S-（-）-1-乙基-2-氨甲基吡咯烷（6）,4与6缩合制得S-（-）-氨磺必利（7）,再与D-（-）-酒石酸成盐制得目标物S-（-）-氨磺必利-D-（-）-酒石酸盐（1）。总收率达25%（以4-氨基-2-甲氧基-5-巯基苯甲酸计算）。结果所得产物经元素分析,红外光谱、核磁共振谱及质谱确证了结构。结论本方法原料易得,反应条件温和,产品质量易控制。     

alpha-glucosidase (CHO) (Genzyme)

Genzyme General is developing recombinant human alpha-glucosidase, produced in mammalian cell culture, as a potential treatment for Pompe disease. By July 2004, enrollment was completed in two clinical trials and an observational study in adults. Genzyme was planning to file for regulatory approval in Europe during 2004, followed by filings in the US and Japan in mid-2005.     

Developmental toxicity of di-(C(7)-C(9) alkyl) phthalate and di-(C(9)-C(11) alkyl) phthalate in the rat

Two phthalate esters, di-(C(7)-C(9) alkyl) phthalate (D79P) and di-(C(9)-C(11) alkyl) phthalate (D911P), have been assessed for their potential to cause developmental toxicity in the rat. Groups of 22 timed-mated Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 250, 500, or 1000 mg/kg D79P or D911P daily by oral gavage (5 ml/kg) between gestation days (GD) 1 and 19. Control animals received the vehicle (olive oil) alone. On GD20, the animals were sacrificed and the fetuses examined. Treatment resulted in no signs of maternal toxicity, as assessed by adjusted maternal bodyweight gain throughout gestation and clinical examinations, and no effects upon litter size, fetal survival or bodyweight. Pups of the high dose D79P and intermediate and high dose D911P groups showed increased incidences of supernumerary lumbar ribs. There was a significant increase in dilated renal pelves in pups of the low dose D79P and high dose D911P groups, but only for D911P was there a significant trend. Consequently, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for maternal toxicity for both D79P and D911P is 1000 mg/kg/day. The NOAEL values for developmental toxicity are 500 mg/kg/day D79P and 250 mg/kg/day D911P.     

Psychopharmacological profile of 1-(m-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl) piperazine (TFMPP)

The effect of TFMPP, an agonist of the 5-HT1b receptors, was studied in mice on several psychopharmacological parameters. In contrast to imipramine-like drugs, TFMPP neither antagonized reserpine-induced hypothermia nor increased yohimbine-induced toxicity. Similarly to imipramine-like drugs, TFMPP antagonized oxotremorine-induced hypothermia and was active in the behavioural despair test. In addition, TFMPP normalized a social behavioural deficit induced by isolation. The effects of TFMPP on oxotremorine-induced hypothermia in the behavioural despair test and in the isolation-induced social behavioural deficit are all antagonized by d-1 propranolol. It is concluded that TFMPP seems to possess psychotropic activity resembling only in part that of imipramine-like drugs and that these actions may be mediated through 5-HT1b receptors.     

(S)-oxybutynin (Sepracor)

Sepracor is developing (S)-oxybutynin, a single-isomer version of Alza's Ditropan (racemic oxybutynin), a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, as a potential treatment for urinary incontinence.     

Two-generation reproduction toxicity studies of di-(C(7)-C(9) alkyl) phthalate and di-(C(9)-C(11) alkyl) phthalate in the rat

Di-(C(7)-C(9) alkyl) phthalate (D79P) and di-(C(9)-C(11) alkyl) phthalate (D911P), based on high-normality linear oxo-alcohols, have been assessed for their impact upon reproductive performance in Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were continuously exposed to either D79P or D911P at dietary levels of 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, or 1.0% over two generations. Selected F(0) offspring (F(1) generation) were exposed to the same dietary concentration of D79P or D911P as the respective F(0) animals, and were mated to produce F(1) offspring. Both D79P and D911P markedly reduced body weight gain in F(0) and F(1) adult males at the highest dose, but females were affected to a lesser extent. There was no impairment of fertility, fecundity, or development in either generation, but body weights of offspring in the 1.0% D79P and 1.0% D911P groups were slightly and transiently reduced over the weaning period. Although decreases in the weight of several organs were accounted for by depressed body weight, ovary weights were reduced in both generations exposed to 1.0% D79P, and epididymidal weights were slightly reduced in adults of both generations exposed to 1.0% D911P. However, ovarian function-assessed by the oestrus cycle and mating behaviour-and epididymidal sperm concentration, motility, and morphology were unaffected by either substance. Treatment resulted in liver changes, particularly in males, characterised by increased liver weight in young animals, histopathologic changes and reduced organ weight in mature animals, and an increase in palmitoyl CoA oxidase activity. In conclusion, neither D79P nor D911P impaired reproductive function in rats when administered in the diet at levels that induce systemic toxicity, and the NOAEL for effects on reproduction in the rat is 0.5% for both D79P and D911P.     

（S）—（＋）—2—氨基丙醇制备新工艺

(S) - ( ) - 2 -氨基丙醇 ( 1 )是合成左氧氟沙星的重要中间体 [1] ,随着左氧氟沙星作为国家基本药物在国内上市 ,开发适合我国国情的制备 1的简便新工艺显得很有必要。文献报道 [2 ,3 ] ,采用 Li Al H4 还原 L-丙氨酸 ( 2 )可以制得 1 ,该法的优点是反应过程简单 ,缺点是Li Al H4 价格昂贵 ,并且比较危险 ,同时后处理也比较复杂。另有文献报道 [4 ] ,先将 2酯化 ,然后采用较为便宜的 KBH4 还原制备 1 ,该法收率太低而不能用于工业化。为了提高收率 ,降低成本 ,我们对后一条合成路线进行了工艺研究 ,在将 2酯化得 L-丙氨酸乙酯 ( 3)…