苦荞麦的化学成分

目的研究苦荞麦的化学成分。方法利用硅胶S、ephadex LH-20等柱色谱方法分离化学成分,根据理化性质和波谱数据分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果从苦荞麦种子中初步分离得到5个化合物,分别鉴定为乌苏酸(ursolic acid,1)、7-羟基香豆素(7-hydroxycoumarin,2)、大黄素(emodin,3)、尿嘧啶(uracil,4)、原儿茶酸(protocatechuic acid,5)。结论化合物2为首次从荞麦属植物中分离得到,化合物1、5为首次从苦荞麦中分离得到。     

苦荞麦总黄酮对软脂酸损伤脐静脉内皮细胞的保护作用

目的研究苦荞麦总黄酮对软脂酸损伤脐静脉内皮细胞的保护作用。方法体外培养人脐静脉内皮细胞EA.hy926,将细胞培养液分为正常对照组、模型组、苦荞麦总黄酮低浓度组、苦荞麦总黄酮中浓度组、苦荞麦总黄酮高浓度组和二甲双胍组。用软脂酸建立胰岛素抵抗状态下的血管内皮细胞模型,MTT法检测细胞增殖率,LDH试剂盒检测细胞LDH的漏出量,流式细胞技术检测细胞的凋亡率。结果与正常组比较,模型组细胞增殖率明显降低(P<0.01),LDH漏出量显著增高(P<0.01),凋亡率明显增高(P<0.01)。同模型组相比,苦荞麦总黄酮低、中、高浓度组,以及二甲双胍组细胞增殖率明显增高(P<0.01),凋亡率显著降低(P<0.01),且苦荞麦总黄酮各浓度组表现出明显的剂量依赖关系;苦荞麦中、高浓度组,以及二甲双胍组LDH漏出量明显减少(P<0.01)。结论苦荞麦总黄酮对软脂酸损伤的脐静脉内皮细胞具有明显的保护作用。     

考马斯亮蓝法测定苦荞麦中可溶性蛋白的含量

<正>苦荞麦[Fagopyrum tataricum(L.)Gaertn]为蓼科荞麦属植物,在中国资源极其丰富,主要分布在贵州、四川、云南、陕西、山西和内蒙古等地。苦荞属于药食两用植物,具有较高的营养保健和医药学价值。苦荞麦中含有丰富的活性蛋白,其具有降血糖、降血脂、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等药理作用[1]。左光明等[2]以苦荞二道荞麸为原料,在苦荞蛋白质Osborne分级分离的基础上,对各蛋白组分进     

柑橘属植物化学成分和药理作用研究进展

柑橘属植物化学成分类型多样,包括黄酮、香豆素、萜及生物碱类等,具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎抗菌等多种生物活性,其研发前景广阔.本文对柑橘属植物的化学成分和药理作用进行综述,为其进一步的研靠提供参考.     

差热分析法和近红外漫反射光谱法快速鉴别不同栽培品种的苦荞麦

目的用差热分析法(DTA)和近红外漫反射光谱(NIRS)法对11种栽培苦荞麦进行快速分析鉴别。方法应用TG-DTA热重差热联用仪分别对11个栽培品种苦荞麦进行差热图谱扫描与分析。实验条件为差热量程:±50μV;升温速率:15℃/min;升温范围:35℃～500℃;气氛为氮气,流速:50 ml/min。应用Bruker Vector 22/N型傅立叶变换近红外光谱仪对11种栽培苦荞麦进行扫描。实验条件为测定方式:积分球漫反射;扫描次数64次;扫描范围:3 700～12 000/cm。结果结合两种方法能快速鉴别"建德苦荞麦"同其他苦荞麦,鉴别效果良好。结论 "建德苦荞麦"作为一个新的培育品种,可以对其营养成分、药理活性进行进一步评价,为广泛推广提供参考。     

石斛的化学成分及药理作用研究进展

目的 综述石斛化学成分及药理作用的研究进展,为石斛的合理开发和临床应用提供理论参考.方法 分别以"石斛""Dendrobium"等为关键词在中国知网、PubMed等数据库中查询近十年关于石斛化学成分、药理作用及炮制工艺的文献,并选取具有代表性的进行整理综述.结果 石斛的化学成分复杂,主要包括多糖类、生物碱类、黄酮类、菲...     

西藏灵菇酸奶保健作用的研究

目的:研究西藏灵菇酸奶化学成分,为其保健作用提供科学依据.方法:采用纸色谱、试管试验法和薄层色谱法检测西藏灵菇酸奶化学成分.结果:检测出西藏灵菇酸奶中含有氨基酸、蛋白质、多糖、皂苷等化学成分.结论:西藏灵菇酸奶是一种健康饮品,长期服用具有提高机体免疫力,延缓衰老作用.     

多被银莲花的化学成分与药理作用

多被银莲花含有皂苷类、油脂类等化学成分,具有抗肿瘤、抗炎等药理作用.从化学成分、提取工艺、质量控制及药理作用等几方面对多被银莲花的研究状况做一简要综述,为进一步开发多被银莲花提供参考.     

家独行菜的化学成分和药理作用研究进展

家独行菜是世界多个地区的传统药物,从中分离的化学成分主要有生物碱、黄酮类、萜烯和芥子油苷等,现代药理学研究表明家独行菜具有降血糖、降血压、治疗胃肠病和骨折等活性.综述了家独行菜的化学成分和药理作用,为明确其药效成分以及作用物质基础提供参考和依据.     

山药的化学成分及药理研究进展

目的 对山药的植物来源、化学成分和药理活性的相关研究进行综述,为其进一步开发研究提供参考.方法 查阅国内外文献.结果 山药为药食兼用植物之一,含多种化学成分,具有抗氧化、抗衰老、降血糖、降血酯、肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护、肝损伤的保护、免疫调节和抗肿瘤、抗突变等多种药理作用.结论 近年山药的临床研究应用较为广泛,进一步研究开发山药具有广阔前景.     

苦荞降糖胶囊的致突变性研究

目的研究苦荞降糖胶囊的致突变性。方法分别采用Ames试验、小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验和小鼠精子畸形试验对基因水平和细胞水平的遗传损伤进行检测。结果该胶囊在0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0和5.0mg/皿的剂量下对TA97、TA98、TA100和TA102四株试验菌株均未引起自发回变菌落数增加;在1250和5000mg/kg体重剂量下均未引起小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率和小鼠精子畸形率升高(字2检验,P>0.05)。结论该胶囊在基因水平和细胞水平均不具有致突变性。     

苦荞麦种子的化学成分

目的对苦荞麦〔Fagopyrum tataricum(L.)Gaertn.〕的种子中的化学成分进行研究。方法采用硅胶柱色谱等方法进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和光谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果分离得到11个化合物,分别鉴定为乌苏酸(ursolic acid,1)、山柰酚(kaempferol,2)、槲皮素(quercetin,3)、大黄素(emodin,4)、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷(kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,5)、芦丁(rutin,6)、3′,5′-二甲氧基-4′-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基桂皮酸(3′,5′-dimethoxy-4′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-cinnamic-acid,7)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,8)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,9)、蔗糖(sucrose,10)、果糖(fructose,11)。结论化合物7是从荞麦属中首次分离得到,化合物1是从该植物中首次分离得到。     

Some observations on the anorectic activity of prostaglandin F2alpha.

1 Intracerebroventricular injection of prostanglandin F2alpha (10-40 microgram) decreases food intake in a dose-dependent manner in rats trained to consume their daily total food intake in a 2 h period. 2 This anorexia is also observed in satiated rats, which had ad libitum access to food. 3 The anorectic activity of prostaglandin F2alpha is not modified by changes in the internal environment of the body after food intake, such as increased blood glucose and insulin levels and decreased fatty acid levels, or by the presence or absence of food in the stomach, as is evident from the anorectic activity of prostaglandin F2alpha in partially satiated rats. 4 The anorexia is not due to pain or irritative properties of prostaglandin F2alpha since induction of comparable pain with 3% acetic acid does not affect food intake in rats deprived of food for 22 hours. 5 Anorectic doses of prostaglandin F2alpha when injected intraperitoneally cause hypothermia. 6 The results suggest that the inhibitory activity of prostaglandin F2alpha on food intake is at both peripheral and central sites. 7 Prostaglandin F2alpha-induced anorexia is associated with the behavioural tranquilization that is seen after the ingestion of food.     

Chicken nucleated blood cells as a cellular model for genotoxicity testing using the comet assay.

Mycotoxins can frequently occur in animal feed and human food. T-2 toxin, as the most toxic trichothecene, has been implicated as the causative agent in a variety of animal diseases and is associated with some human diseases. The comet assay was performed as a test for detection of DNA damage caused by T-2 toxin in peripheral blood cells of chicken. The suitability of the comet assay as a biomarker for genotoxic analysis has been applied in studies using human white blood cells. It can be applied to any tissue from which a single cell suspension can be obtained. The method has already been applied to chicken as a foodstuff for detection of irradiation of food containing DNA. However, application of the method on chicken blood cells has not been set up yet. The aim of this research was to develop a protocol for detection of DNA damage induced by T-2 toxin in chicken blood cells. Chickens were administered orally with T-2 toxin and the samples of whole blood were collected at 24 h post treatment. The DNA damage was determined by an increase in the comet parameters in tested animals. Our results show that T-2 toxin had induced significant DNA damage in treated chicken as compared with control animals, indicating that the assay can be used for the assessment of primary DNA damage caused by mycotoxins.     

金荞麦的化学成分研究

目的研究中药金荞麦中的化学成分。方法运用多种色谱方法分离化学成分 ,依据理化性质、波谱 (NMR、EI- MS)数据分析鉴定化合物结构。结果从金荞麦中初步分离得到 5个化合物 ,分别鉴定为赤杨酮 (glutinone ,Ⅰ )、赤杨醇 (glutinol,Ⅱ )、棕榈酸单甘油酯 (glycerolmonopalmitate ,Ⅲ )、木犀草素 (luteolin ,Ⅳ )、正丁醇 - β- D- 吡喃型果糖苷 (n butyl -β- D fructopyronoside ,Ⅴ )。 结论 5个化合物均为首次从荞麦属植物中分离得到。     

Assessment of the effect of Fucus vesiculosus extract on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m and the histological modifications on the shape of the red blood cells.

Natural products are widely used as food or food additives or medicines for humans. We are trying to develop a model to assess the possible toxic properties of natural products, such as Fucus vesiculosus, utilized in popular medicine. Red blood cells (RBC) labeled with technetium-99m (99mTc) are used in various procedures in nuclear medicine. This labeling procedure depends on a reducing agent, and stannous chloride is used. There is evidence that this labeling may be altered by drugs. We have investigated the possibility that F. vesiculosus extract is capable of altering the labeling of blood elements with 99mTc. Blood was incubated with F. vesiculosus extract and stannous chloride solution and Tc-99m added. Blood was centrifuged and plasma (P) and blood cells (BC) were isolated. Samples of P or BC were also precipitated, centrifuged and insoluble (IF) and soluble (SF) were separated. The percentages of radioativity (%ATI) in BC, IF-P and IF-BC were calculated. Histological preparations of the RBC treated with F. vesiculosus revealed that this extract is capable of promoting important modifications on the shape of the RBC. The%ATI decreased on BC from 93.6+/-2.3 to 29.0+/-2.7, on IF-P from 77.6+/-1.2 to 7.5+/-1.0 and on IF-BC from 80.0+/-3.4 to 12.6+/-4.8. Once the RBC labeling procedure with 99mTc depends on the presence of stannous (+2) ions, the substances present in the F. vesiculosus extract should increase the valence of these ions to stannic (+4). This would decrease the%ATI on blood elements and indicate the presence of oxidant agents in the F. vesiculosus extract.     

决明子的应用研究进展

目的 了解决明子药理作用、临床应用及其作为保健食品等应用方面的国内外研究状况,为决明子的研究开发提供参考.方法 查阅有关决明子研究的文献,了解上述几个方面的基本情况.结果 与结论决明子在降血脂、降压、保肝、抑菌等方面显示了较好的活性;在治疗高血脂、高血压、便秘、口腔溃疡等方面有较好的疗效;还可用一些保健食品和饮料的生产.     

顶空固相微萃取-气质联用分析荞麦加工前后风味成分

目的 该研究为进一步开发利用荞麦及贵州毕节特产荞酥的品质研究提供理论依据。方法 采用顶空固相微萃取-气质联用技术（HS-SPME-GC-MS）采集并鉴定荞麦加工前后的风味成分,并用峰面积归一法测定各成分相对含量。结果 从加工前后的荞麦总离子流图中分别鉴定出 52、41种化合物。结论 荞麦的主要风味成分均为醛类、醇类、烷烃类,其中含量最高的挥发性化合物均为己醛、壬醛、癸醛、2,2,4,6,6-五甲基庚烷,加工前后荞麦风味造成主要差异的成分是醇类物质。     

Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Feijoa sellowiana fruit

The present study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of an aqueous extract from the tropical Feijoa sellowiana Berg. fruit which is widely used for human food. The extract was tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria by a broth dilution test and on human whole blood leukocytes, as well as isolated neutrophils using a chemiluminescence (CL) assay. The extract inhibited bacterial growth; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes and Enterobacter cloacae were the most sensitive. The fruit extract significantly decreased CL emission from human whole blood phagocytes and isolated polymorphonuclear leukocytes whether they were activated or not by soluble or phagocytic stimuli. F. sellowiana showed both antibacterial and antioxidant properties and therefore its extract might be used as a new multifaceted drug.