翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植治疗翼状胬肉的疗效观察

目的 观察翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植治疗翼状胬肉的临床疗效.方法 将80例(92眼)翼状胬肉患者随机分为治疗组38例(45眼)和对照组42例(47眼).对照组采用传统胬肉切除治疗,治疗组采用翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植治疗.比较2组角膜上皮愈合情况及术后复发情况.结果 治疗组角膜上皮愈合速度显著快于对照组;且12个月内,治疗组复发率为2.6%显著低于对照组的31.0%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0 01).结论 翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植治疗翼状胬肉疗效可靠,复发率低,无严重手术并发症,值得推广应用.     

撕离法联合自体带角膜缘球结膜移植治疗翼状胬肉临床观察

目的:探讨采用撕离法联合自体带角膜缘球结膜移植治疗翼状胬肉的临床效果. 方法: 对36例(36眼)翼状胬肉在手术显微镜下采用胬肉头部自角膜撕离的方法联合自体带角膜缘球结膜移植,术后随访1～2年.结果:术后2～3d角膜上皮修复,结膜移植片无排斥反应,对位愈合良好,部分患者视力提高,未见胬肉复发. 结论:胬肉头部采用撕离法联合自体带角膜缘球结膜移植治疗翼状胬肉,角膜创面修复时间短,术后充血水肿轻,提高手术成功率,减少胬肉复发.     

自体角膜缘干细胞移植术治疗翼状胬肉

目的探讨自体角膜缘干细胞移植术对翼状胬肉的疗效。方法将17例18只眼无局部活动性炎症反应的翼状胬肉患者行翼状胬肉切除术联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术。结果 术后随访半年-3年,本组17例18只眼术后无复发,视力及角膜散光度较前有一定程度改善。结论 自体角膜缘干细胞移植术可有效的治疗翼状胬肉,防止翼状胬内引起角膜散光,改善视功能。     

翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植治疗翼状胬肉的疗效观察

目的观察翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植治疗翼状胬肉的临床疗效。方法将80例(92眼)翼状胬肉患者随机分为治疗组38例(45眼)和对照组42例(47眼)。对照组采用传统胬肉切除治疗,治疗组采用翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植治疗。比较2组角膜上皮愈合情况及术后复发情况。结果治疗组角膜上皮愈合速度显著快于对照组;且12个月内,治疗组复发率为2.6%显著低于对照组的31.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植治疗翼状胬肉疗效可靠,复发率低,无严重手术并发症,值得推广应用。     

复发性翼状胬肉的再手术治疗的临床观察

目的 研究探讨复发性翼状胬肉的再手术的几种手术治疗.方法 选择2004年1月～2005年1月收治的90例100只眼的复发性翼状胬肉,采用:1.翼状胬肉切除联合角膜缘干细胞自体结膜瓣移植;2.翼状胬肉切除联合应用含0.02%MMC棉片在裸露的巩膜上放置2分钟后冲洗后羊膜移植;3.翼状胬肉切除联合应用含0.02%MMC棉片在裸露的巩膜上放置2分钟冲洗后羊膜移植联合角膜缘干细胞自体结膜瓣移植.随访12～24个月.结果 90例100只眼的复发性翼状胬肉术后无再复发,术后视力均有不同程度的提高.结论 翼状胬肉切除联合角膜缘干细胞自体结膜瓣移植、翼状胬肉切除联合应用含0.02%MMC棉片在裸露的巩膜上放置2分钟冲洗后羊膜移植、翼状胬肉切除联合应用0.02%MMC棉片在裸露的巩膜上放置2分钟冲洗后羊膜移植联合角膜缘干细胞自体结膜瓣移植是治疗复发性翼状胬肉的有效手术方法 .     

翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术疗效观察

目的 回顾性分析58例（98只患眼）翼状胬肉患者，探讨翼状胬肉单纯切除术与翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术治疗翼状胬肉的临床疗效。方法 2003年3月至2005年12月，对30例（45只患眼）翼状胬肉患者行翼状胬肉单纯切除术，2006年5月至2007年5月，对28例（43只患眼）翼状胬肉患者行翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术，观察术后角膜上皮修复、翼状胬肉复发情况。结果 术后随访观察6～18个月，翼状胬肉单纯切除组有15只患眼复发（33．3％），角膜上皮恢复时间为4～7d，平均5．8d，联合角膜缘干细胞移植组1只患眼复发（2．3％），角膜上皮恢复时间为2～4d，平均2．6d，二者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论 翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植术能有效阻止胬肉复发，并且促进术区角膜上皮修复，是治疗翼状胬肉的理想手术方法。     

新鲜羊膜联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植治疗翼状胬肉的临床观察

目的：探讨新鲜羊膜联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植治疗翼状胬肉的临床疗效。方法：对30例（33眼）原发性和复发性翼状胬肉施行显微镜下切除术加新鲜羊膜联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植，术后随访3-12个月，平均7个月。结果：33眼无1例复发．术后短期内未见植片溶解，及急性排斥反应，角膜缘移植片及羊膜移植片均愈合良好，羊膜移植创面完全结膜上皮化，角膜组织上皮稳定。结论：新鲜羊膜联合自体角膜缘干细胞移植是治疗翼状胬肉的有效方法。     

结膜下翼状胬肉切除联合自体角膜缘上皮移植术

目的　探讨结膜下翼状胬肉切除自体角膜缘上皮移植术的临床效果。方法　将 6 5例 6 8眼初发性翼状胬肉患者随机分为A、B组 :A组 35眼行结膜下翼状胬肉切除自体角膜缘上皮移植术 ;B组 33眼行单纯翼状胬肉切除术。术后随访 19～ 2 4个月 ,平均 2 2 7± 4 7个月。结果　A组与B组角膜创面平均修复时间分别为 6 2 5d、8 5 0d ,组间比较差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 1) ;组内比较手术前、后视力及角膜散光度数 ,差异有显著意义 (P <0 0 1)。结论　结膜下翼状胬肉切除自体角膜缘上皮移植术可以显著促进角膜创面上皮修复 ,降低复发率 ,是治疗初发性翼状胬肉最佳方法。     

自体角结膜缘干细胞移植治疗翼状胬肉

目的 观察自体角结膜缘干细胞移植治疗翼状胬肉的临床疗效，评价其对减少胬肉复发的作用。方法 比较79例初发性翼状胬肉行胬肉切除联合自体角结膜缘干细胞移植术病例和65例初发性翼状胬肉行单纯胬肉切除术病例的术后1年复发率、并发症和术后视力。结果 术后1年干细胞移植组无复发．单纯胬肉切除组有12例复发，两组比较差异有显著意义；干细胞移植组水后视力较好、并发症较少。结论 自体角膜缘干细胞移植术能重建角结膜缘干细胞的功能，有效地预防胬肉术后复发。     

翼状胬肉切除联合角膜缘-结膜瓣移植的疗效观察

目的观察翼状胬肉切除联合角膜缘-结膜瓣移植术的临床疗效。方法翼状胬肉患者29例（31眼）,所有患者均采用翼状胬肉切除联合角膜缘-结膜瓣移植术,术后观察患者角膜上皮愈合时间,视力恢复程度,追踪胬肉复发情况并分析并发症情况。结果29例患者于术后3—4d角膜上皮修复27例29眼,至术后20d角膜上皮修复2例2眼。出现瓣下出血3例3眼。所有患者术后10—14d结膜瓣水肿消退,术后10d瓣下出血吸收,术后15d球结膜充血逐渐消退。翼状胬肉复发2例2眼,复发率为6．5％,其余27例29眼于1个月后结膜瓣愈合平整,植片边界分辨不清,随访3年无变化,胬肉治愈。术后3个月患者视力为（0．61±O．17）高于术前的（0．34±0．14）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论翼状胬肉切除联合角膜缘-结膜瓣移植是治疗翼状胬肉,减少复发的-种较为理想的方法,值得临床推广应用。     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Efficacy of gut lavage,hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the therapy of paraquat or diquat intoxication

Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.

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Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.

     

In vitro studies on sterically stabilized liposomes (SL) as enzyme carriers in organophosphorus (OP) antagonism

This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.     

Lung disease and PKCs

The lung offers a rich opportunity for development of therapeutic strategies focused on isozymes of protein kinase C (PKCs). PKCs are important in many cellular responses in the lung, and existing therapies for pulmonary disorders are inadequate. The lung poses unique challenges as it interfaces with air and blood, contains a pulmonary and systemic circulation, and consists of many cell types. Key structures are bronchial and pulmonary vessels, branching airways, and distal air sacs defined by alveolar walls containing capillaries and interstitial space. The cellular composition of each vessel, airway, and alveolar wall is heterogeneous. Injurious environmental stimuli signal through PKCs and cause a variety of disorders. Edema formation and pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) result from derangements in endothelial, smooth muscle (SM), and/or adventitial fibroblast cell phenotype. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer are characterized by distinctive pathological changes in airway epithelial, SM, and mucous-generating cells. Acute and chronic pneumonitis and fibrosis occur in the alveolar space and interstitium with type 2 pneumocytes and interstitial fibroblasts/myofibroblasts playing a prominent role. At each site, inflammatory, immune, and vascular progenitor cells contribute to the injury and repair process. Many strategies have been used to investigate PKCs in lung injury. Isolated organ preparations and whole animal studies are powerful approaches especially when genetically engineered mice are used. More analysis of PKC isozymes in normal and diseased human lung tissue and cells is needed to complement this work. Since opposing or counter-regulatory effects of selected PKCs in the same cell or tissue have been found, it may be desirable to target more than one PKC isozyme and potentially in different directions. Because multiple signaling pathways contribute to the key cellular responses important in lung biology, therapeutic strategies targeting PKCs may be more effective if combined with inhibitors of other pathways for additive or synergistic effect. Mechanisms that regulate PKC activity, including phosphorylation and interaction with isozyme-specific binding proteins, are also potential therapeutic targets. Key isotypes of PKC involved in lung pathophysiology are summarized and current and evolving therapeutic approaches to target them are identified.     

Steroidal sapogenin contents in some domestic plants

In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.