晶状体半脱位超声乳化吸出术中囊袋张力环的应用

目的评价晶状体囊袋张力环在白内障合并晶状体半脱位中行晶状体超声乳化吸出术中的应用价值。方法对15例(15眼)合并晶状体半脱位的白内障行晶状体超声乳化吸出术,术中连续环行撕囊后植入晶状体囊袋张力环,进行超声乳化吸出,囊袋内植入后房型人工晶状体,对晶状体半脱位范围>1/2圆周者,将囊袋张力环用缝线固定在悬韧带离断一侧巩膜壁上。结果术中人工晶状体植入囊袋内13眼,植入睫状沟2眼;所有植入的人工晶状体基本处于正位。结论在白内障合并晶状体半脱位中行晶状体超声乳化吸出术中植入囊袋张力环是安全有效的方法,它有利于保持囊袋的完整,便于手术操作,防止人工晶状体的偏位,减少手术并发症。     

晶状体半脱位手术中囊袋张力环的应用

目的:评价晶状体囊袋张力环(capsulartensionring,CTR)在晶状体半脱位手术中的应用价值。方法:对8例(10眼)晶状体半脱位患者行白内障手术,术中连续环形撕囊后植入CTR,超声乳化术摘除白内障,囊袋内植入后房型人工晶状体。结果:所有植入的人工晶状体均位于正位。术后3mo矫正视力>0.8者2眼,0.5～0.8者4眼,0.4者2眼,0.1者2眼。无CTR引起的其他并发症。结论:晶状体囊袋张力环在手术治疗晶状体半脱位的白内障病例中,可有效地防止晶状体悬韧带断离范围扩大、确保术中人工晶状体囊袋内植入及防止术后人工晶状体移位。     

晶状体半脱位白内障超声乳化术中植入囊袋张力环的临床观察

目的：探讨晶状体半脱位白内障超声乳化术中植入囊袋张力环的疗效.方法：对15例（15眼）晶状体半脱位白内障患者行超声乳化吸出术＋囊袋张力环＋后房型人工晶状体植入术.结果：15例（15眼）晶状体半脱位白内障患者,均顺利植入了囊袋张力环及后房型人工晶状体.术后患者视力均得以提高,人工晶状体位正,后囊膜平整,无皱缩,混浊,无明显手术并发症.结论：在晶状体半脱位白内障患者中植入囊袋张力环可提高手术的安全性,防止术后人工晶状体偏位,降低了后发性白内障的发生率.     

虹膜拉钩应用联合张力环植入治疗晶状体半脱位

目的探讨在超声乳化治疗晶状体半脱位手术中,虹膜拉钩应用联合张力环(CTR)植入方法的可行性。方法对54例(54只眼)合并晶状体半脱位的白内障患者行白内障手术,术中连续环形撕囊后,使用虹膜拉钩固定囊袋,行晶状体囊袋内超声乳化手术,注吸残留的晶状体皮质后,然后囊袋内植入CTR及后房型折叠人工晶状体囊袋内植入。结果 52只眼悬韧带断裂的范围没有扩大,术后3个月矫正视力≤0.5者22只眼,0.5～0.8者21只眼,≥0.8者9只眼。未发现后囊膜破裂,玻璃体进一步脱出,视网膜脱离等并发症的发生。人工晶状体均基本位于正位,无倾斜及明显的偏位现象。其中2只眼术中发现晶状体悬韧带脱离范围大于180度,术中改行晶状体悬吊术。结论在超声乳化治疗晶状体半脱位的手术中,应用虹膜拉钩联合张力环能提高手术的可操作性和安全性,减少手术并发症,术后人工晶状体可以安全稳定地位于囊袋内,且居中性良好。     

晶状体半脱位白内障超声乳化术中囊袋张力环的应用观察

目的:评价晶状体囊袋张力环(capsular tension ring,CTR)在白内障合并晶状体半脱位行超声乳化白内障吸除术中的应用价值。方法:对15例16眼白内障合并晶状体半脱位患者行超声乳化白内障吸除术,术中连续环行撕囊后植入CTR,超声乳化摘除白内障,囊袋内植入后房型人工晶状体,若晶状体半脱位>1/2需植入固定孔型CTR,将CTR固定孔上的聚丙烯线固定于悬韧带离断一侧板层巩膜壁上。结果:所有植入的人工晶状体均位于正位。术后随诊3~9mo,矫正视力0.1~0.4者5眼,0.5~0.8者8眼,>0.8者3眼。结论:在白内障合并晶状体半脱位患者行超声乳化白内障吸除术中植入囊袋张力环是安全有效的方法,有利于保持囊袋的完整,便于后房型人工晶状体植入,防止人工晶状体的偏位,减少手术并发症,术后视力恢复快。     

囊袋张力环在晶状体半脱位超声乳化白内障吸除术中的应用

目的：探讨将囊袋张力环植入晶状体半脱位的囊袋内进行超声乳化白内 障吸除术的安全性。方法：对13例（14只眼）合并晶状体半脱位（脱位范围1／3－3／4象限）的白内障患者行超声乳化白内障吸除术,术中注／吸晶状体皮质时,将囊袋张力环送入晶状体囊袋内,对脱位范围＞1／2象限者,将囊袋张力环用缝线固定在巩膜上。结果：术中人工晶状体植入晶状体囊袋内11只眼,植入睫状沟3只眼;术后人工晶状正位12只眼,人工晶状体轻度倾斜2只眼;术中常见并发症为囊袋撕裂和玻璃 体脱出。结论：囊袋张力环是超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗白内障合并晶状体半脱位患者的新型辅助工具,它具有提高手术安全性,防止人工晶状体偏位,减少手术并发症的优点。     

晶状体囊袋张力环在Marfan综合征晶状体半脱位治疗中的作用

目的探讨晶状体囊袋张力环在晶状体半脱位手术治疗中的应用效果及注意问题.方法对6例(8只眼)马凡综合征伴晶状体半脱位患者在白内障超声乳化摘除人工晶状体植入术中同时植入囊袋环.术前观察晶状体脱位的范围及方位,术后随访3～6月,平均4.8月,测量视力、眼压,并行眼前段裂隙灯检查着重了解人工晶状体位置、有无玻璃体疝等.结果 7只眼均成功植入张力环,术后视力均有不同程度提高,随访期间未发现人工晶状体偏位、眼压升高及玻璃体疝等并发症.1只眼因晶状体脱位范围超过2个象限而放弃植入晶状体囊袋张力环.结论植入囊袋张力环作为马凡综合征伴晶状体半脱位患者行超声乳化白内障手术的有效辅助手段,能提高手术安全性,减少并发症发生.     

晶状体半脱位的超声乳化白内障吸除术

目的评价在超声乳化白内障吸除术中植入囊袋张力环治疗白内障合并晶状体半脱位的效果.方法对15例16眼白内障合并晶状体半脱位患者行超声乳化白内障吸除术,术中将囊袋张力环植入囊袋内.结果人工晶状体正位14眼,人工晶状体轻度偏斜2眼.术后随访3个月～9个月,矫正视力＜0.1者2眼,0.1～0.4者5眼,0.5～0.9者6眼,1.0～1.5者3眼.结论在超声乳化白内障吸除术中植入囊袋张力环是治疗白内障合并晶状体半脱位患者安全有效的方法,可以防止人工晶状体的偏位,减少手术并发症.     

囊袋张力环联合虹膜拉钩在外伤性晶状体半脱位超声乳化手术中的应用

目的：：评价囊袋张力环联合虹膜拉钩在外伤性白内障晶状体半脱位超声乳化手术中的有效性及安全性。方法：对我院2011-01/2014-09收治的21例21眼外伤性白内障合并晶状体半脱位患者行超声乳化白内障吸除术,术前患眼悬韧带离断范围在6个钟点范围以内,术中连续环形撕囊后,根据悬韧带离断范围大小使用1~4个虹膜拉钩,水分离、水分层,超乳劈核法吸除白内障,术中不同时期植入囊袋张力环,植入后房型人工晶状体。观察术前、术后视力、眼压、瞳孔及术中有无玻璃体脱出、囊袋撕裂情况和悬韧带离断范围有无扩大。结果：患者21例术后随访3~12mo,随访终末期矫正视力：<0.3者1眼,0.4~0.7者15眼,>0.8者5眼;眼压均在正常范围以内。20例患者人工晶状体位正,光学区中央位于视轴处,无严重眼部并发症;1例因自发性囊袋破裂,人工晶状体坠入玻璃体腔,后行玻璃体切除和悬吊术处理。结论：在虹膜拉钩和/或囊袋张力环的辅助下,通过设置合理的超声乳化参数,能够较好地完成悬韧带离断范围小于6个钟点的白内障超声乳化手术,术后效果满意。     

半脱位晶状体张力环植入联合晶状体超声乳化的临床应用

目的评价半脱位晶状体超声乳化术中植入囊袋张力环(CTR)的应用价值。方法对11例(11眼)半脱位晶状体行白内障手术,术中连续环形撕囊后植入囊袋张力环,随后行白内障晶状体超声乳化术,囊袋内植入折叠式人工晶状体。结果术中所有手术都未出现张力环脱落及由于张力环张力过大而导致的晶状体囊袋撕裂现象。所有植入的人工晶状体基本位于正位。术后1周、1月、3月随访视力,观察人工晶状体位置,测量眼压,检测角膜内皮密度指标与常规超乳手术无明显差别。结论囊袋张力环是一种安全有效的辅助工具,它通过囊袋内植入,保持囊袋的位置和完整性,便于后房型人工晶状体的植入,防止术中由于晶状体核的坠落所产生的并发症及术后人工晶状体的偏位,提高了手术安全性,有利于术后视力恢复。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.