冠心病合并甲状腺功能减退的冠状动脉旁路移植术

目的探讨冠心病(CAD)合并甲状腺功能减退患者施行冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)的临床效果。方法选择我科2002年9月至2009年6月,由同一位术者对21例冠心病合并甲状腺功能减退患者行CABG(甲减组),男6例,女15例;平均年龄60.4岁;其中体外循环下心脏不停跳手术3例,体外循环下心脏停跳手术1例,非体外循环心脏不停跳手术17例;术前均口服左旋甲状腺素,游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)、总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(TT3)、总甲状腺素(TT4)明显改善后手术。选择同期20例甲状腺功能正常的CABG患者作为对照(对照组),男6例,女14例;平均年龄62.1岁。于术前、术中、术后观察两组患者甲状腺功能指标及临床预后指标。结果甲减组体外循环下手术患者死亡1例,术前有心包积液、心力衰竭,甲状腺激素水平低;其余20例生存者均为心脏不停跳手术,其中17例为非体外循环手术;术后随访2~30个月,左心室射血分数(LVEF)较术前增加(55%±21%vs.48%±17%)。对照组患者均生存。两组间术中心排血指数[2.7±1.4 L/(min.m2)vs.2.8±1.5 L/(min.m2),t=530,P=0.530]、住院时间(12.2±4.7 d vs.10.1±3.9 d,t=0.170,P=0.170)、呼吸机辅助呼吸时间(17.6±9.1 hvs.15.1±13.7 h,t=0.120,P=0.120)比较差异无统计学意义。围术期甲状腺激素水平检测显示,非体外循环下手术对激素水平影响较小。结论冠心病合并甲状腺功能减退患者,术前准备充分,采用心脏不停跳手术方式较为安全,围术期甲状腺素治疗是关键;对重度甲状腺功能减退患者在体外循环下手术风险大。     

维持性血液透析患者甲状腺功能异常的临床特点

目的分析维持性血液透析(MHD)患者甲状腺功能异常的情况及其影响。方法选取MHD患者69例,分别检测游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)、促甲状腺素(TSH),根据参考值将甲状腺功能异常分为单纯低T3组、低T3合并低T4组、亚临床甲状腺功能减退组,分别比较其临床资料与正常组的差异。结果 MHD患者合并甲状腺功能异常的比例为58%。单纯低FT3组年龄大于60岁的患者比例(66.7%)明显高于正常组(33%)(P0.05)。低T3合并低T4组患者的红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞压块、钙磷乘积、白蛋白水平较正常组明显偏低(P0.05),亚临床甲状腺功能减退的患者红细胞、胆固醇的水平与正常组存在显著差异(P0.05)。甲状腺功能异常组与正常组在心脏结构和肺动脉压力方面无明显差异。结论维持性血液透析患者的甲状腺功能异常可能会影响预后,需要引起临床医生的关注。     

142例慢性肾衰竭应用甲状腺激素临床观察

笔者对近6年来住院的慢性肾衰竭患者行游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）、促甲状腺素（TSH）检查，发现甲状腺激素水平减低者142例，观察应用甲状腺激素治疗后FT3、FT4、TSH、白蛋白（Alb）水平的变化及水肿减退情况，探讨甲状腺激素的临床应用价值。     

超声造影在甲状腺良性结节微波消融中的应用

探讨超声造影在甲状腺良性结节微波消融中的应用价值。选取2019年8月—2022年5月宜兴市人民医院治疗的甲状腺良性结节患者80例，采用信封法将患者分为观察组（n=40）和对照组（n=40），观察组给予超声造影联合微波消融治疗，对照组给予常规超声联合微波消融治疗，观察两组手术时间、术中出血量、结节体积等差异。手术时间比较两组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；观察组术中出血量和术后1个月结节体积分别为（6.10±1.43）m L和（4.56±1.04）cm3，明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组术前及术后1个月游离三碘甲腺原氨酸（FT3）、总三碘甲腺原氨酸（TT3）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）、总甲状腺素（TT4）和促甲状腺激素（TSH）比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。并发症发生率比较，两组差异亦无统计学意义（P>0.05）。超声造影辅助甲状腺良性结节微波消融治疗，其消融效果好，术中出血少。     

老年人甲状腺功能亢进症糖和脂代谢特点52例分析

目的 探讨老年人甲状腺功能亢进症（甲亢）糖、脂代谢特点。方法 对52例老年甲亢患者（老年组）、68例非老年甲亢患者（非老年组）及50例健康对照者进行糖耐量试验（OGTT）、血脂及游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）、促甲状腺素（S-TSH）水平测定。结果 老年组、非老年组的FT3、FT4、血糖水平明显高于对照组（P均〈0．01），甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平低于对照组（P均〈0．01）；老年组与非老年组比较，FR水平明显降低（P〈0．001），而TG、TC、LDL及血糖水平高于非老年组（P均〈0．05）；老年组糖耐量异常为57．7％。非老年组为39．7％，两组比较差异显著（P〈0．001）。结论 甲亢可影响糖、脂代谢，FT3、FT4水平及糖、脂代谢异常程度与甲亢患者年龄有关。     

甲状腺功能减退症患者肾功能变化的临床研究

目的：探讨甲状腺功能减退症患者甲状腺功能与肾功能的关系.方法：检测 42例甲减患者（甲减组）和42例健康对照组的血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）、游离四碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT4）、超灵敏促甲状腺激素（sTSH）、尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（Scr）,同时测定24 h尿蛋白定量,通过肾动图测定肾小球滤过率（GFR）,并比较其相关性.结果：甲减组FT3、FT4、GFR均低于对照组,sTSH、Scr和24 h尿蛋白定量均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义;BUN在两组间差异无统计学意义;血清FT3与GFR呈显著正相关（r=0.5631,P〈0.05）.结论：甲状腺功能减退症患者常出现肾功能异常,临床需要注意.     

亚临床甲状腺功能减退对胃袖状切除术后早期临床结局影响研究

目的 探讨术前存在亚临床甲状腺功能减退对减重术后体重改善的影响。方法 回顾性分析2020年复旦大学附属华山医院减重代谢外科进行腹腔镜下胃袖状切除术的病人资料。根据其术前是否合并亚临床甲状腺功能减退分为亚临床甲状腺功能减退组(研究组)和正常组(对照组),研究组均未在术前干预其甲状腺功能。分析比较两组病人的基线特征、术后体重变化等指标,评估亚临床甲状腺功能减退是否会对减重手术的体重改善产生影响。结果 共纳入197例病人,研究组35例,基线促甲状腺激素(TSH)水平(5.77±1.05)mU/L,对照组162例,基线TSH水平(2.31±0.91)mU/L(P<0.0001)。基线水平上两组体重、体重指数(BMI)、腰臀比、血压、血糖及胰岛素水平、血脂水平、总三碘甲状腺原氨酸(TT3)及游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、总甲状腺(TT4)及游离甲状腺激素(FT4)差异无统计学意义。经过平均(6.69±0.42)个月随访,研究组的总体重减轻百分比(TWL%)为(26.95±6.93)%,对照组为(26.22±5.80)%,两组之间差异无统计学意义;临床甲状腺功能减退组的额外体重减轻百分比(...     

原发性肾病综合征并发急性肾损伤患者甲状腺功能的变化

目的观察原发性。肾病综合征（PNS）并发急性肾损伤（AKI）患者甲状腺功能的变化及其影响因素。方法回顾性分析PNS患者77例,其中PNS并发AKI患者27例为PNS＋AKI组;PNS肾功能正常者50例为PNS组;同时设原发性慢性肾小球肾炎肾功能正常组（CGN1组）和CGN肾功能异常组（CGN2组）作为对照组,每组各40例。比较4组患者的血浆总蛋白（TP）、血清白蛋白（Alb）、血肌酐（SCr）、甘油三脂（TG）、胆固醇（TC）、24h尿蛋白定量及甲状腺功能指标游离三碘甲腺原胺酸（盯3）、游离四碘甲腺原胺酸（FT4）、促甲状腺素（TSH）。结果（1）PNS＋AKl组FT3、FT4值较各组明显降低（P〈0.05）;而TSH无明显差异（P〉0.05）。（2）PNS＋AKI组和PNS组TP、Alb、SCr有显著差异（P〉0.05）。（3）多元回归分析示Alb、SCr对FT3影响显著（P〈0.05）。结论PNS合并AKI时较PNS患者FT3、FT4明显降低,而TSH无明显变化,这种改变可能与Alb的进一步降低和肾功能损伤有关。     

心瓣膜置换术围术期甲状腺激素的动态观察

目的：探讨心瓣膜置换术围术期甲状腺激素的变化及其与病情程度的关系,方法：采用放射免疫分析法连续测定30例低温体外循环下心瓣膜置换术围术期甲状腺激素,并观察其动态变化,结果：两组患者三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）,游离T3（FT3）从转流前至术后72小时呈下降趋势,各时间点均明显低于术前,反三碘甲状腺原氨酸（rT3)均增高,术后72未恢复至术前水平（P＜0．05）,两组患者四碘甲状腺原氨酸（T4）,游离T4（FT4）,促甲状腺素（TSH）浓度的均在生理范围内变化。结论：心瓣膜置换术围术期均表现为低T3综合征,且T3降低与疾病的严重程度有关,临床上通过监测其血清T3和FT3水平可作为了解病情及预后的客观指标。     

86例肾病综合征患者血清FT3、FT4浓度变化的临床意义

肾病综合征患者血清游离甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）浓度会发生变化，小剂量甲状腺素药物可作为降低肾病综合征患者血清FT3、FT4的辅助治疗，现将治疗情况分析如下。     

Effect of treatment of overt hypothyroidism on insulin resistance

AIM: To investigate the impact of hypothyroidism and thyroxine therapy on insulin sensitivity in patients with overt hypothyroidism.METHODS: The study included twenty seven overtly hypothyroid and fifteen healthy euthyroid South Western Asian females.Both groups had matching age and body mass index.Physiological and pathological conditions as well as medications that may alter thyroid function,glucose homeostasis or serum lipids were ruled out.Serum thyrotropin(TSH),free tetraiodothyronine(FT4),free triiodothyronine(FT3),fasting insulin(FI),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),total cholesterol and triglycerides were measured before and six months after initiating thyroxine therapy for hypothyroid patients and once for the control group.Insulin resistance(IR) was estimated using homeostasis model assessment(HOMA-IR) and Body mass index(BMI) was calculated.RESULTS: Both study groups,hypothyroid patients and euthyroid control subjects,had matching age and body mass index(P-value 0.444,0.607 respectively).No significant difference was found between the hypothyroid patients and the euthyroid control group regarding fasting plasma glucose,fasting insulin,insulin resistance,total cholesterol and triglycerides(P-values 0.432,0.621,0.883,0.586,0.05 respectively).In the hypothyroid patients,triglycerides showed direct correlation to TSH and inverse correlation to FT3.Similarly total cholesterol inversely correlated to FT3 but its direct correlation to TSH did not reach statistical significance.After thyroxine replacement and reaching an euthyroid state as confirmed by clinical and laboratory data,there was no significant change in fasting plasma glucose,insulin resistance or triglyceride level(P-value 0.216,0.204,0.175 respectively) while total cholesterol significantly decreased(P-value 0.043) and fasting insulin significantly increased(P-value 0.047).CONCLUSION: Hypothyroidism has no impact on insulin sensitivity.Correction of hypothyroidism is not associated with a significant change of insulin sensitivity or triglycerides,but with a significant reduction of total cholesterol.     

Euthyroid sick syndrome in trauma patients with severe inflammatory response syndrome

Objective： To investigate the alternations of thyroid hormone in traumatic patients with severe inflammatory response syndrome （SIRS）. Methods： Fifty traumatic patients with severe SIRS were enrolled and divided into two groups according to whether they presented multiorgan dysfunction syndrome （MODS）. Thyroid hormone measurements were taken, including total triiodothyronine （ TT3 ）, total thyroxine （TT4）, free triiodothyronine （FT3）, free thyroxine （ FT4 ） and thyroid stimulating hormone （TSH）. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II （ APACHE II ） score was calculated according to clinical data. The outcomes of recovery or deterioration were recorded, as well as the length of time from the onset of SIRS to the time thyroid hormones were measured. Results： Euthyroid sick syndrome （ESS） was presented in 45 cases. TT3 level was negatively correlated with APACHE II score （r = -0.330, P 〈0. 05）, and TT3/TI＇4 value was negatively correlated with the duration of SIRS（ r = -0.316, P〈0.05）. TT3, TT4 and levels in MODS patients were significantly lower than those without MODS （ P 〈 0.05 ）. MODS patients got low TT4 or FT4 level more frequently than those without MODS （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with the patients in normal TSH group, the patients with decreased TSH had lower T3, T4, recovery rate and higher APACHE II scores, MODS incidence, but there was no difference between two groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusions： Trauma patients with severe SIRS have high possibility to get ESS, which occurs more frequently and severely in MODS patients. It shows the influences of SIRS on the thyroid axes. With the persistence and aggravation of SIRS, there is a progressive reduction of thyroid hormone.     

Effect of fentanyl-oxygen anesthesia during cardiac surgery on serum thyroid hormones

Twenty-five euthyroid patients who underwent cardiac surgery with fentanyl-oxygen anesthesia were studied. The authors confirm that some thyroid hormones undoubtedly take part in a non-specific pool of reactions caused by surgical stress. For one or more days, all the patients had total triiodothyronine (TT3) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels clearly below the normal values, with a parallel increase in reverse triiodothyronine (rT3, biologically inactive). Changes in total (TT4) and free thyroxine (FT4), although significant, were smaller and hard to interpret. The most important changes occurred on the first postoperative day. Of seven patients who before the operation had a TT3 value below the lower normal limit, six had at discharge a mean TT3 level significantly above it. Serum TT3 concentrations could be a reliable prognostic index. High-dose fentanyl anesthesia probably does not affect thyroid hormone response to surgical stress. To date, the mechanisms which cause reduction of serum triiodothyronine have not been fully discovered and it is not known for certain whether this reduction is beneficial to the human organism.     

不同甲状腺癌切除术治疗甲状腺癌患者的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨甲状腺癌切除术对甲状腺癌患者炎症指标分析.方法 将2019年1月至2021年9月在宣城市仁杰医院治疗的30例甲状腺癌患者根据手术方式分为两组,对照组使用甲状腺患侧叶切除+对侧次全切除术,观察组使用甲状腺患侧叶切除术.对比两组患者各项手术指标、并发症发生率、甲状腺激素指标、甲状旁腺激素(parathyroid ...     

联合使用阿托伐他汀和贝那普利对IgA肾病蛋白尿的影响

目的 探讨阿托伐他汀联合贝那普利治疗对IgA肾病患者蛋白尿的影响。方法 将62例IgA肾病患者随机分为对照组30例,应用贝那普利治疗;治疗组32例,应用阿托伐他汀联合贝那普利治疗;2组疗程均为6个月,比较2组治疗前、后,血压、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、尿蛋白（U-pro）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、肌酸激酶（CK）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）等指标的变化情况。结果 治疗组治疗后6个月,TC、LDL-C、L卜Pro等指标明显下降,与对照组比较有统计学差异（P〈0．05）;而2组治疗前、后比较,TG、HDL-C、ALT、AST、CK、CK-MB均无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论 阿托伐他汀联合贝那普利,能有效降低IgA肾病患者的TC、LDL-C、U-pro水平。     

GNB3 C825T等位基因多态性与原发性IgA肾病相关性研究

目的：研究G蛋白β3亚基（GNB3）C825T等位基因多态性与原发性IgA肾病（IgAN）的发生与病情进展。方法：病例组为216例原发性IgAN患者,对照组为200例健康志愿者。采用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术检测各组GNB3 825位点基因型。病例组分为高血压组与非高血压组;同时按基因型的不同将病例组分为TT组、CT组与CC组。结果：（1）病例组与对照组TT、CT、CC基因型频率分别为21.76%、54.63%、23.61%与18.00%、47.00%、35.00%,两组TT、TC、TT＋TC基因型与CC基因型分布频率存在统计学差异（P〈0.05）;病例组T等位基因分布频率高于对照组（49.07%vs 41.50%,P〈0.05）。（2）216例IgAN中,高血压组与非高血压组TT、CT、CC基因型频率分别为32.88%、49.31%、17.81%与16.09%、57.34%、26.57%（P〈0.05）。高血压组T等位基因频率较非高血压组明显增加（57.53%vs 44.76%,P〈0.05）。（3）病例组不同基因型携带者病理分级轻重无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。（4）病例组中不同基因型携带者在性别、年龄、体重指数、尿蛋白排泄量（〉1 g/d）、血肌酐水平、血胆固醇水平及三酰甘油水平无统计学差异（P〉0.05）,而高尿酸血症的发生存在统计学差异（P〈0.05）,TT组高尿酸血症患者较CT组及CC组高。结论：（1）病例组TT基因型和T等位基因频率较对照组明显增加,结果显示GNB3 825T等位基因可能与IgA肾病的发病有关,提示该基因可能与IgA肾病的遗传易感性相关。（2）GNB3 825T等位基因能影响IgA肾病患者高血压、高尿酸血症的发生。GNB3C825T等位基因多态性与IgA肾病发病及病情进展的相关机制有待进一步研究。     

Asymptomatic autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid dysfunction in Alport's syndrome. A report of three families

The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of serum antithyroid antibodies in Alport's syndrome. Thyroid microsomal and thyroglobulin antibodies were assessed in three families with Alport's syndrome for a total of 11 patients and 17 healthy relatives, as well as in 40 haemodialysis patients and in 40 healthy subjects. Thyroid function tests, including the measurement of serum total thyroxine (TT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), free thyroxine (fT4) and free triiodothyronine (fT3) concentrations, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation tests were performed in all patients and subjects. Among patients with Alport's syndrome, five (45%) had elevated titres of thyroid microsomal antibodies and eight (73%) had positive titres of thyroglobulin antibodies, whereas only one healthy relative (6%) had circulating antithyroid antibodies. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid demonstrated a lymphocytic infiltration that indicated the existence of asymptomatic autoimmune thyroiditis in all five patients with elevated thyroid microsomal antibody titres. The prevalence of antithyroid antibodies in healthy subjects and in haemodialysis patients was 7.5% and 12.5% respectively. Functional tests demonstrated a thyroid dysfunction in four of five patients with asymptomatic autoimmune thyroiditis. Two patients had evidence of subclinical hypothyroidism. Two other patients, both with end-stage renal failure, showed a blunted TSH response to TRH, increased fT4 and elevated borderline fT3. The present study indicates that elevated titres of serum antithyroid antibodies may be detected in patients with Alport's syndrome. These patients are at risk of developing asymptomatic autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid dysfunction. Subclinical hypothyroidism and, perhaps, preclinical hyperthyroidism may be found in these patients.     

Thyroid hormone metabolism in pediatric cardiac patients treated by continuous povidone–iodine irrigation for deep sternal wound infection

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of povidone–iodine mediastinal irrigation used for the treatment of deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) on thyroid function. Methods: Thyroid function was studied in 18 pediatric cardiac patients treated with continuous povidone–iodine irrigation for DSWI. The median age of patients was 8 months (18 days–5.3 years). Serum concentrations of total triiodothyronine (TT3), total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) and thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) were measured at three time points: (a) prior to mediastinal reexploration (before povidone–iodine exposure); (b) immediately after discontinuation of povidone–iodine irrigation; (c) 2 weeks after discontinuation of mediastinal irrigation. Urinary iodine excretion was examined on the last day of povidone–iodine exposure. Results: Prior to the mediastinal reexploration, the median TT3 and TT4 levels were below the normal range, then increased significantly to concentrations within the normal range. The median serum FT3 levels were within the normal range throughout the observation period, though a significant increase of FT3 levels was observed after discontinuation of irrigation. The median serum FT4 concentrations were within the normal range prior to irrigation and did not change significantly. The median rT3 levels were within the normal range, close to upper normal limit. The median TBG levels were within the normal range throughout the observation period, though a significant increase of TBG levels was observed during the period of mediastinal irrigation. The median TSH level was within the normal range prior to mediastinal irrigation and did not change significantly. Urinary iodine concentrations in infants with povidone–iodine irrigation were significantly higher 6700 μg/l (range, 1600–15 000 μg/l) than in the group of 53 healthy infants 200 μg/l (range, 20–780 μg/l, P<0,001). Conclusions: Our data showed that the use of povidone–iodine irrigation in the patients with DSWI has not lead to any significant alteration in thyroid function within the study period.     

慢性病毒性肝炎合并甲状腺疾病的临床研究

目的：研究慢性乙型和丙型肝炎患者在干扰素治疗前及治疗期间出现甲状腺疾病的临床特征。方法对2009年9月至2012年9月首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院住院诊断为慢性病毒性肝炎合并甲状腺疾病的143例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析并加以归纳总结,对其进行描述性分析,分别监测干扰素治疗前、中、后游离甲状腺素（FT4）及促甲状腺激素（TSH）。结果143例慢性病毒性肝炎合并甲状腺疾病患者,男性38例,女性105例;其中聚乙二醇化干扰素（PegIFN）α-2a治疗前合并甲状腺疾病85例,23例男性患者中甲状腺功能亢进者13例（56.5%）和甲状腺机能减退者10例（43.5%）;62例女性患者中甲状腺功能亢进者23例（37.1%）和甲状腺机能减退者39例（62.9%）。PegIFN-α-2a治疗中出现甲状腺疾病为58例,既往无甲状腺疾病,15例男性患者中甲状腺功能亢进者8例（53.3%）和甲状腺机能减退者7例（46.7%）;43例女性患者中甲状腺功能亢进者12例（27.9%）和甲状腺机能减退者31例（72.1%）。PegIFN-α-2a治疗中,甲状腺疾病多出现在治疗的第4～6个月。结论慢性肝炎患者中女性合并甲状腺疾病发病率较男性高,且女性以甲状腺机能减退更常见。