妊娠期高血压患者总同型半胱氨酸与D-二聚体二者相关性的探讨

目的 测定妊娠期高血压疾病患者总同型半胱氨酸(tHcy)、D-二聚体水平,以探讨轻、重度患者二者之间的相互关系.方法 测定90例妊娠期高血压重度患者(A组),90例妊娠期高血压轻度患者(B组)和90例正常晚期妊娠妇女(C组)tHcy水平和D-二聚体水平.结果 tHcy水平A组显著高于B组(P＜0.01),B组显著高于C组(P＜0.01);D-二聚体水平A组显著高于B组(P＜0.01),B组显著高于C组(P＜0.01).结论 妊娠期高血压疾病患者tHcy浓度和D-二聚体水平显著上升.随着病情的加重,妊娠期高血压疾病患者tHcy浓度和D-二.聚体水平呈逐渐上升趋势.     

孕妇血清VEGF、PAPP-A水平与妊娠期高血压疾病发病关系的研究

目的检测妊娠期高血压疾病患者血清血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）及妊娠相关血浆蛋白-A（PAPP-A）水平变化,探讨二者在妊娠期高血压疾病发病中的作用。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法测定40例妊娠期高血压疾病患者（病例组）及40例正常孕妇（对照组）血清VEGF和PAPP-A含量。结果①病例组患者血清VEGF和PAPP-A水平明显高于对照组（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,且随病情加重,有逐渐增高趋势。②病例组患者血清VEGF与PAPP-A呈显著正相关（r=0.681,P〈0.001）。结论血清VEGF、PAPP-A参与血管内皮细胞和滋养细胞功能损伤过程,在妊娠期高血压疾病发病中起重要作用,二者联合检测可作为妊娠期高血压疾病诊断及病情严重程度判断的辅助指标。     

血清D-二聚体水平对预测老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者预后的价值

目的探究血清D-二聚体水平对预测老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者预后的价值。方法选取2015年12月—2017年12月天津医科大学第二医院167例老年COPD患者,其中稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(SCOPD)患者82例(SCOPD组),急性加重期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(AECOPD)患者85例(AECOPD组)。分析患者的一般资料、D-二聚体水平、肺功能相关指标水平。利用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估D-二聚体对老年AECOPD的诊断价值。患者出院后对其进行18个月的随访。采用Kaplan-Meier曲线分析高水平、低水平D-二聚体患者的生存情况。结果AECOPD组血清D-二聚体水平显著高于SCOPD组(P<0.01);而肺功能相关指标第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV₁)、用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV₁/FVC、第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(FEV₁ pred%)均显著小于SCOPD组(P<0.05)。老年COPD患者血清D-二聚体水平与肺功能相关指标FEV₁(r=-0.87,P=0.03)、FVC(r=-0.75,P=0.02)、FEV₁/FVC(r=-0.94,P<0.01)、FEV₁ pred%(r=-0.63,P=0.01)均呈显著负相关。D-二聚体对老年AECOPD患者具有较好的诊断价值[曲线下面积(AUC)=0.802,95%可信区间(CI)为0.732~0.864]。高水平D-二聚体老年COPD患者的死亡率显著高于低水平D-二聚体老年COPD患者,中位生存期小于低水平D-二聚体老年COPD患者(P<0.05)。结论老年COPD患者D-二聚体水平与肺功能相关指标呈显著负相关。D-二聚体水平对老年AECOPD患者具有较好的诊断价值。     

尿β2微球蛋白及D-二聚体与妊娠期高血压肾脏损伤的相关性研究

目的对尿β2微球蛋白及D-二聚体与妊娠期高血压肾脏损伤的相关性进行研究,为临床诊断和治疗提供参考。方法以湖北省十堰市郧西县人民医2010年11月至2015年11月诊治的妊娠期高血压早期肾脏损伤患者120例作为研究对象(观察组),分析患者尿素氮、血肌酐、尿酸水平,并检测患者尿β2微球蛋白及D-二聚体水平的变化;以该院同期健康体检者100例为对照组,正常妊娠期妇女120例为正常妊娠组。结果与对照组和正常妊娠组相比,观察组患者尿素氮、血肌酐、尿酸、微量蛋白尿、β2微球蛋白、血微球蛋白及D-二聚体水平均明显升高,且差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者体内载蛋白(NGAL),碱蛋白(NLRP3),还原型辅酶Ⅱ(NADPH)氧化酶亚基P22亚基、P47亚基、P67亚基、gp91亚基,转化生长因子β(TGFβ),Smad2及Smad3水平均明显升高,且差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论尿β2微球蛋白及D-二聚体与妊娠期高血压肾脏损伤有明显的相关性,可作为临床诊断的标志物。     

妊娠高血压患者血清淀粉样蛋白 A、血浆内皮素1和一氧化氮水平变化及其相互关系

目的：探讨妊娠高血压患者血清淀粉样蛋白 A(SAA)、血浆内皮素1(ET-1)和一氧化氮(NO)水平变化及其相互关系。方法选择妊娠高血压患者65例,按照疾病严重程度分为单纯妊娠高血压24例,子痫前期轻度19例和子痫前期重度22例。健康孕妇30例和健康体检的妇女20例分别为正常妊娠组和健康对照组。检测各组 SAA, ET-1和 NO 水平,分析妊娠高血压患者 SAA,ET-1和 NO 水平与疾病严重程度之间的相关性。结果①与健康对照组比较,妊娠高血压组和正常妊娠组的 SAA 和 ET-1水平明显增高,妊娠高血压组明显高于正常妊娠组(P <0.01);妊娠高血压组和正常妊娠组 NO 水平明显降低,妊娠高血压组明显低于正常妊娠组(P <0.01)。②与单纯妊娠高血压组比较,子痫前期轻度和子痫前期重度组的 SAA 和 ET-1水平明显增高,子痫前期重度组高于子痫前期轻度组(P <0.01);子痫前期轻度和子痫前期重度组 NO 水平明显降低,子痫前期重度组低于子痫前期轻度组(P <0.05)。③妊娠高血压患者的 SAA 水平与 ET-1水平呈正相关(r =0.876,P <0.05),而与 NO 水平呈负相关(r =-0.761,P <0.05)。结论妊娠高血压患者存在内皮细胞功能紊乱,SAA,ET-1和 NO 参与了妊娠高血压的发生发展,测定SAA,ET-1和 NO 水平有助于妊娠高血压的早期诊断。     

子痫前期患者血清D-二聚体的水平及其与血脂水平的相关性

目的探讨子痫前期(PE)患者血清D-二聚体的水平及其与血脂水平的相关性。方法选取2014年12月至2015年12月期间首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院收治的80例PE孕妇作为PE组,并根据PE病情分为重度PE组(n=42)和轻度PE组(n=38);其中重度PE组又根据发病时间分为早发型重度PE组(n=18)和晚发型重度PE组(n=24)。选择2014年12月至2015年12月期间待产的80例正常妊娠的孕妇作为正常对照组。对比观察各组血压、血脂、血D-二聚体、血尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Scr)、尿酸(UA)等指标水平。结果 PE组收缩压、舒张压高于正常妊娠组(P0.05),PE组D-二聚体、TG、TC、LDL-C水平高于正常妊娠组(P0.05),PE组HDL-C水平低于正常妊娠组(P0.05);重度PE组收缩压、舒张压高于轻度PE组(P0.05),重度PE组D-二聚体、TG、TC、LDL-C水平高于轻度PE组(P0.05),HDL-C水平低于轻度PE组(P0.05)。PE组BUN、Scr、UA水平均高于正常妊娠组(P0.05)重度PE组BUN、Scr、UA均高于轻度PE组(P0.05)。早发型重度PE组D-二聚体水平(2.02±0.61μg/ml)高于晚发型重度PE组(1.64±0.52μg/ml)差异有统计学意义(t=3.27,P=0.014,P0.05)。PE患者血清D-二聚体水平与收缩压、舒张压均呈正相关(r=0.467,0.559,P=0.000,0.000),与TG、TC、LDL-C均呈正相关(r=0.627,0.615,0.572,P=0.000,0.000,0.000),与HDL-C呈负相关(r=-0.591,P=0.000),与BUN、Scr、UA均呈正相关(r=0.621,0.582,0.594,P=0.000,0.000,0.000)。结论 PE患者血清中D-二聚体水平高于正常妊娠孕妇且D-二聚体水平与血脂、血压、肾功能等指标相关,D-二聚体水平与PE患者的病情严重程度及发病时间有关。     

妊娠晚期孕妇D-二聚体水平异常升高的因素分析

目的探讨引起妊娠晚期孕妇D-二聚体水平异常升高的病理性及生理性因素。方法连续纳入2019年1-3月于该院产科住院并分娩的妊娠晚期孕妇457例,回顾性分析其分娩信息。根据检验项目参考区间制订的相关要求,分为异常升高组与对照组,比较两组生理性及病理性资料。结果健康妊娠晚期孕妇第95%位点的D-二聚体的水平为1 319μg/L。与对照组比较,异常升高组妊娠期高血压、双胎妊娠、体外受精-胚胎移植术后、复发性流产史的发生率及三酰甘油的水平升高(P0.05),纤维蛋白原水平降低(P0.05)。双胎妊娠(P0.001,OR=5.262)、复发性流产史(P=0.044,OR=6.115)是引起D-二聚体水平异常升高的独立危险因素。结论妊娠晚期孕妇D-二聚体水平应有其特定的参考区间,临床应重视D-二聚体水平异常升高孕妇的产前监测,以进行早期干预,尽可能避免不良妊娠的发生,保护母婴健康。     

血清D-二聚体、FIB联合检测对妊娠期高血压综合征的早期预测价值

目的探讨血清D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原(FIB)联合检测对妊娠期高血压综合征的早期预测价值。方法选取2018年1月至2019年1月该院妇产科收治的95例妊娠期高血压综合征患者作为观察组,选择同期到该院行产前检查的90例健康孕妇作为健康对照组。收集2组研究对象一般资料,比较2组D-二聚体、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)等血清指标差异,利用Logistic回归分析影响妊娠期高血压综合征的危险因素,并采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)计算血清D-二聚体、FIB水平对妊娠期高血压综合征的诊断价值。结果2组研究对象在年龄、孕周、体质量指数、产次、流产史等一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2/t=1.062、1.543、1.511、0.328、3.822,P=0.144、0.062、0.067、0.567、0.051);观察组血清D-二聚体、PT、APTT、TT、FIB指标明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=15.366、2.806、3.491、2.024、8.627,P=0.000、0.006、0.001、0.044、0.000)。Logistic回归分析显示,D-二聚体、FIB是妊娠期高血压综合征的独立危险因素。ROC曲线分析显示,血清D-二聚体鉴别妊娠期高血压综合征的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.818,FIB为0.819,D-二聚体联合FIB的AUC为0.877,明显高于D-二聚体和FIB单独检测(Z=2.533、2.899,P<0.05)。结论妊娠期高血压综合征患者血清D-二聚体、FIB水平明显升高,可作为妊娠期高血压综合征早期诊断的血清标志物。     

D-二聚体、凝血指标、血小板参数检测对妊娠高血压的应用价值分析

评估D-二聚体、凝血指标及血小板参数检测对妊娠高血压的诊断价值。将产科住院部收集的150例妊娠高血压患者设为妊高组。另选择同期建档的正常妊娠晚期孕妇及健康体检中心健康育龄期妇女分别设为妊娠组及对照组,均为150例。对比各组D-二聚体、凝血指标及血小板的差异性。妊高组D-二聚体显著高于其他两组(P0.05),妊娠组D-二聚体显著高于对照组(P0.05)。妊高组凝血酶原时间显著低于其他两组(P0.05);活化部分凝血活酶时间显著高于妊娠组(P0.05),与对照组对比无显著差异(P0.05);纤维蛋白原显著高于其他两组(P0.05);凝血酶凝结时间与其他两组对比无显著差异(P0.05)。妊高组血小板计数显著低于对照组(P0.05),与妊娠组对比无显著差异(P0.05);血小板压积显著低于对照组(P0.05),与妊娠组对比无显著差异(P0.05);平均血小板体积显著高于其他两组(P0.05);血小板体积分布宽度显著高于其他两组(P0.05)。子痫组D-二聚体检出值显著高于其他两组(P0.05),重度子痫前期组D-二聚体显著高于轻度子痫前期组(P0.05)。妊娠高血压患者机体高凝及继发性纤溶状态明显,血栓形成风险高,且D-二聚体水平与病情正相关。临床可通过对D-二聚体、凝血指标及血小板参数的联合检测,为妊娠高血压早期诊断、治疗提供科学依据,值得引起临床重视。     

妊娠期高血压疾病患者外周血单个核细胞及胎盘晚期糖基化终末产物受体表达及与氧化应激的关系

目的 探讨外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)及胎盘晚期糖基化终末产物受体(RAGE)表达及其与氧化应激的关系,了解其在妊娠期高血压疾病发生、发展中的作用.方法 同期收治的轻、中度妊娠期高血压疾病患者15例,重度妊娠期高血压疾病患者15例,正常晚期妊娠20例,抽取肘静脉血及留取胎盘,用蛋白质免疫印迹法(Western blot)测定PBMCs及胎盘RAGE蛋白的表达,并测定血浆及胎盘丙二醛(MDA)水平及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性.结果 妊高征患者血浆及胎盘MDA水平高于正常晚期妊娠组,且重度妊娠期高血压疾病患者较轻、中度妊娠期高血压疾病患者升高(P均＜0.01);轻、中度妊娠期高血压疾病组血浆及胎盘SOD活性低于正常晚期妊娠组(血浆P＜0.01,胎盘P＜0.05),在重度妊娠期高血压疾病组血浆及胎盘SOD活性进一步降低,低于轻、中度妊娠期高血压疾病组(血浆P ＜0.05,胎盘P＜0.01);RAGE蛋白在正常晚期妊娠组、轻、中度妊娠期高血压疾病组和重度妊娠期高血压疾病组胎盘中的表达量分别为0.305±0.045、0.439±0.047、0.975±0.057,在PBMCs中的表达量分别为0.301±0.067、0.399±0.062、0.572±0.089,RAGE蛋白在轻、中度妊娠期高血压疾病组胎盘和PBMCs中的表达高于正常晚期妊娠组(P均＜0.01),在重度妊娠期高血压疾病组中的表达高于正常晚期妊娠组及轻、中度妊娠期高血压疾病组(P均＜0.01);PBMCs内RAGE蛋白表达与血浆MDA水平呈中度正相关(轻、中度妊娠期高血压疾病组:r=0.46,P ＜0.05;重度妊娠期高血压疾病组;r=0.47,P＜0.05);胎盘RAGE蛋白表达与胎盘MDA水平呈高度正相关(轻、中度妊娠期高血压疾病组:r=0.82,P＜0.01;重度妊娠期高血压疾病组:r=0.88,P＜0.01).结论 PBMCs及胎盘RAGE表达与氧化应激相互关联,共同在妊高征的发病机制中发挥了重要作用.     

HCY、D-D、hs-CRP联合检测在妊娠期高血压疾病诊断中的临床意义

目的:探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸(HCY)、D-二聚体(D-D)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平变化与妊娠期高血压疾病(以下简称妊高征)发生、发展间的关系。方法:检测118例妊高征患者及116名同孕周正常单胎妊娠妇女的血浆HCY、D-D、hs-CRP水平,并进行比较,分析其变化的意义。将妊高征组按血压水平分为4个亚组,妊娠高血压者15例;轻度子痫间前期48例;重度子痫间前期42例;子痫间13例,组间两两比较以上3个指标。结果:妊高征患者与正常孕妇比较,其血浆HCY、D-D、hs-CRP水平差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);妊高征患者按血压的亚分组中(4个亚分组),组间两两比较3项指标,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随着妊高征病情的发展,这3项指标均呈逐渐升高趋势。结论:HCY、D-D、hs-CRP联合检测对妊娠期高血压疾病早期诊断、了解病情变化及预后评估具有重要的临床意义。     

Effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors captopril, rentiapril, and alacepril in patients with essential and renovascular hypertension

The effects of captopril, rentiapril, and alacepril were compared in five patients with renovascular hypertension (RVH) and five with essential hypertension (EH). The dose of each drug was equivalent to 50 mg of captopril. Rentiapril inhibited angiotensin converting enzyme activity more strongly and for longer periods than did the other two drugs. In the patients with RVH, blood pressure was significantly reduced more quickly and for longer periods by rentiapril than by captopril or alacepril; in the patients with EH, alacepril was the most potent antihypertensive agent. The results indicate that rentiapril is as effective as the other two drugs in patients with hypertension and that alacepril is more effective in patients with low-renin hypertension or renin-independent hypertension than captopril or rentiapril.     

Prevalence,clinical characteristics and echocardiography parameters of non-resistant,resistant and refractory hypertension in Chinese

Objectives: Refractory and resistant hypertension is defined as hypertension that is uncontrolled despite the use of multiple antihypertensives. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the prevalence, both in young and elderly, and the pattern of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in South-Eastern Chinese patients with refractory, resistant and non-resistant hypertension.

Methods: A total of 1455 patients (age 60.3 ± 13.9, male 55.7%) with essential hypertension were recruited. Refractory hypertension was defined as uncontrolled blood pressure (systolic/diastolic, ≥140/90 mm Hg) on ≥5 antihypertensive drug classes. Resistant hypertension was defined as uncontrolled blood pressure (systolic/diastolic, ≥140/90 mm Hg) on 3 or <140/90 mm Hg on ≥4 antihypertensive classes.

Results: Among the total population, 1273 (87.4%) patients were considered non-resistant hypertension; 170 (11.7%) with resistant hypertension and 12 (0.8%) with refractory hypertension. The prevalence of the three groups of hypertension were similar between patients age <60 or ≥60. Patients with refractory hypertension had the most dilated LV dimension, greatest left ventricular mass index and highest prevalence of diastolic dysfunction than patients with resistant and non-resistant hypertension. In particular, all patients with refractory hypertension had either concentric or eccentric LVH.

Conclusions: In South-Eastern Chinese patients, the prevalence of refractory and resistant hypertension was 0.8% and 11.7%, respectively. Furthermore, no difference was observed in the hypertensive patterns between patients age <60 and ≥60. Importantly, patients with refractory hypertension had the worst LV remodeling with all suffering from either concentric or eccentric hypertrophy.     

Coronary heart disease in residents of Rochester, Minnesota, 1950-1975. III. Effect of hypertension and its treatment on survival of patients with coronary artery disease

The data in this blood pressure study were obtained from 1,069 patients who had their first manifestation of coronary artery disease during the 16-year period 1960 through 1975. Case fatality rates (death within 30 days) were least in the normotensive and treated hypertensive patients with myocardial infarction and greatest in the untreated hypertensive patients. Women were less likely than men to acquire coronary artery disease, but a higher proportion of women with coronary artery disease had hypertension. Patients with definite hypertension were older than those with borderline hypertension, and patients with borderline hypertension were older than normotensive patients with coronary artery disease. The data demonstrate that hypertension is a prognostic factor of serious significance in patients who have symptomatic coronary artery disease, and the prognostic significance of borderline hypertension is almost as serious as that of definite hypertension in these patients. Treatment improved survival in patients with definite hypertension, and adequate treatment improved survival to a greater degree than did inadequate treatment.     

Endothelium-mediated coronary blood flow modulation in humans. Effects of age, atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension.

The effects of age, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia on vascular function of the coronary circulation were studied by subselective intracoronary infusions of acetylcholine, which releases endothelium-derived relaxing factor, and papaverine, which directly relaxes vascular smooth muscle, in normal patients (n = 18; no risk factors for coronary artery disease), in patients with evidence of early atherosclerosis but normal cholesterol levels and normal blood pressure (n = 12), in patients with hypertension without left ventricular hypertrophy (n = 12), and in patients with hypercholesterolemia (n = 20). Papaverine-induced maximal increases in coronary blood flow were significantly greater in normals, but no differences were noted between the groups of patients with early atherosclerosis, with hypertension, and with hypercholesterolemia. The capacity of the coronary system to increase blood flow in response to acetylcholine was similar in normal and normocholesterolemic patients with epicardial atherosclerosis and/or hypertension but was significantly impaired in patients with hypercholesterolemia, irrespective of evidence of epicardial atherosclerotic lesions. Age (r = -0.62, P < 0.0001) and total serum cholesterol levels (r = -0.70; P < 0.0001) were the only significant independent predictors of a blunted coronary blood flow response to acetylcholine. Thus, hypercholesterolemia and advanced age selectively impair endothelium-mediated relaxation of the coronary microvasculature in response to acetylcholine, whereas endothelial dysfunction is restricted to epicardial arteries in age-matched normocholesterolemic patients with evidence of coronary atherosclerosis and/or hypertension.     

H型高血压患者血清中ADMA、CRP水平与患者动脉粥样硬化及心血管事件的关系

目的探讨H型高血压患者血清中不对称二甲基精氨酸(ADMA)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平与患者动脉粥样硬化及其心血管事件的关系。方法选择2012年8月至2015年8月在该院诊断为H型高血压患者80例为研究对象,并以同期80例非H型的原发性高血压患者为对照组,采用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测患者血清中ADMA、CRP水平,采用超声检测患者颈动脉并评价动脉粥样硬化情况,对所有患者定期进行随访,记录患者心血管事件的发生,探讨ADMA、CRP水平与患者动脉粥样硬化及心血管事件的关系。结果 H型高血压患者ADMA、CRP水平以及动脉粥样硬化发生率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。H型高血压患者中动脉粥样硬化37例,患者ADMA、CRP水平高于非动脉粥样硬化者,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果提示,平均动脉压、ADMA水平是患者心血管事件的独立风险因素(P0.05)。结论血清中ADMA水平与动脉粥样硬化密切相关,是H型高血压患者心血管事件的独立风险因素。     

The duodenum in liver cirrhosis: endoscopic, morphological and clinical findings

Endoscopic studies were performed to determine whether changes occurred in the duodenum related to portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis. The total of 271 patients studied were subdivided into three groups: 83 patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, 53 with liver cirrhosis but no portal hypertension, and 135 controls. In the duodenum of cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension several changes were observed on endoscopy that were also present in the other two groups. Atrophy and vascular malformations, however, were present only in the duodenum of cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension, although in only a few patients and with statistical significance only for vascular malformations (p less than 0.01, phi = 0.21). Eleven percent of the patients had more than one endoscopic finding, but the associations of findings were without statistical significance. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the clinical severity of cirrhosis or the severity of esophageal varices and the endoscopic findings. Finally, there was no statistically significant difference between the histological findings of duodenitis in the three groups of patients.     

Neurofibromatosis, hypertension, and renal artery aneurysms

A case of bilateral renal artery stenosis and aneurysms in association with neurofibromatosis and hypertension is discussed and the literature is reviewed. In patients with neurofibromatosis and hypertension, the association of pheochromocytomas is well known. The association of renal of renal vascular lesions must also be recognized. In children with neurofibromatosis and hypertension, renal artery stenosis is far more common than pheochromocytoma. In adults aneurysms often accompany the renal artery stenosis. Laboratory studies, as well as most intravenous pyelograms, have been normal and, therefore, unreliable for screening. Angiography is essential in the investigation of hypertension in patients with neurofibromatosis.     

Trends in end-stage renal disease. Epidemiology, morbidity, and mortality

ESRD is always fatal unless recognized and treated appropriately. In the United States, the incidence of ESRD is increasing. Fortunately, both mortality among dialysis patients and the rate at which ESRD has been increasing over the past decade are declining. Obviously, the primary goal should be prevention of ESRD. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperglycemia is likely to reduce the incidence of ESRD. Screening for diabetes and hypertension may be a fruitful approach to reduction in ESRD rates, because many patients present with renal failure after prolonged periods of undiagnosed hypertension or type 2 diabetes.     

固定人群高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率的调查分析

目的 调查南京市中山陵园管理局职工高血压的患病率、知晓率、治疗率、控制率,旨在积累高血压社区防治的经验.方法 以1 873例职工为对象,通过每年一次的健康体检和对每位职工建立健康档案等方法收集资料并进行分析.结果 检出原发性高血压586例,高血压患病率为31.3%,知晓率为76.3%,治疗率为91.2%,控制率为90.4%,均超过全国平均水平.结论 对职工健康系统管理.可有效提高高血压患者知晓率、治疗率和控制率.