鲨鱼软骨多糖抑制肿瘤生长的实验研究

目的:研究鲨鱼软骨多糖对血管内皮细胞生长、新生血管形成及小鼠实体瘤生长的影响作用.方法:以MTT法测定鲨鱼软骨多糖体外对内皮细胞增殖的影响;用鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜实验测定对血管生成的影响;建立荷瘤小鼠,并观察该提取物对小鼠抑制瘤的影响.结果:鲨鱼软骨多糖能显著抑制血管内皮细胞的生长,MTT法抑制率为(45 615±0 084)%;并可抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜新生血管的形成,PBS对照组血管数目为18.750根,鲨鱼软骨多糖组血管数目为(7 750±1 545)根,差异有统计学意义,P＜0 05.鲨鱼软骨多糖能抑制荷Lewis小鼠肿瘤生长,鲨鱼软骨多糖组肿瘤抑制率与生理盐水组相比差异有统计学意义,P<0 01;鲨鱼软骨多糖+环磷酰胺组则明显高于环磷酰胺组,差异有统计学意义,P<0 05.结论:鲨鱼软骨多糖可以抑制内皮细胞生长及新生血管的形成,进而发挥抗肿瘤作用.     

紫杉醇抗血管生成作用的实验研究

 目的　探讨紫杉醇的抗血管生成作用。方法　以人脐静脉内皮细胞 (HUVEC)原代培养模型 ,MTT法测定紫杉醇对HUVEC增殖的影响 ;采用鸡胚尿囊膜血管形成模型 (CAM模型 ) ,观察紫杉醇对鸡胚尿囊膜新生血管的抑制作用。结果　紫杉醇在非细胞毒浓度下可在体外抑制HUVEC的增殖 ,在体内抑制鸡胚尿囊膜新生血管形成。结论　紫杉醇在非细胞毒浓度下具有抗血管生成作用。     

低分子多糖对肿瘤血管生长因子抑制作用的研究

目的探讨低分子多糖对肿瘤血管生长因子的抑制作用.方法采用低分子多糖点样于接种肿瘤血管生长因子的鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜上,分别50 ug、100 ug、200 ug及对照组,置37℃CO2培养箱,48 h后观察结果.结果低剂量组50 ug组肿瘤血管生长略受抑制,中剂量100 ug组肿瘤血管生长受到明显抑制,高剂量200 ug组肿瘤血管出现坏死.结论低分子多糖能明显抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜中的肿瘤血管生长,并随剂量增加对肿瘤血管生长因子的抑制作用而增强,且具有很强的抗血管生成活性.     

去甲斑蝥素对人乳腺癌血管生成的抑制作用

背景与目的:去甲斑蝥素(norcantharidin,NCTD)具有抑瘤作用,本文研究它对血管生成的作用,以及对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜(chorioallantoci membrane,CAM)移植肿瘤血管生成的影响。方法:①建立鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜模型,将明胶海绵载体置于两条前卵黄静脉间血管的CAM上,将不同剂量的NCTD加在载体上,以生理盐水对照,观察记录载体周围血管分支点数,计算血管生成抑制率。②建立人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞鸡胚移植模型。给予不同剂量的NCTD20μl[72、36、18μg/(胚.d)],以生理盐水对照,计算血管生成抑制率。结果:NCTD对以明胶海绵为载体的鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管生成具抑制作用,72、36、18、9μg NCTD组血管生成抑制率分别为77.7%、62.9%、50.6%及33.0%,并且呈剂量依赖性。移植肿瘤可诱发血管生成,NCTD能明显抑制MCF-7鸡胚移植肿瘤血管生成,72、36、18μg NCTD对移植瘤诱导的血管抑制率分别为66.2%、39.3%和22.8%。结论:NCTD能明显抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜新生血管的生成,同时能抑制人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞鸡胚移植肿瘤的血管生成。其抗肿瘤作用与抑制肿瘤血管生成有关。     

人血管抑制因子Vasostatin短片段(120-180 aa)的克隆、表达及功能研究

目的:利用基因工程技术,克隆并表达人血管抑制因子Vasostatin120-180aa功能区片段,探讨其对鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜新生血管抑制的作用.方法:采用PCR技术扩增人血管抑制因子Vasostatin120-180aa功能区基因,并利用pQE30原核表达系统诱导表达Vasostatin120-180aa,经镍金属螯合层析法纯化,通过鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜实验验证其抑制新生血管生成的作用.结果:PCR扩增出了长度为180 bp的Vasostatin120-180aa功能区基因,后经pQE30原核表达系统表达并纯化出Vasostatin120-180aa,SDS-PAGE显现一条约8 kD的阳性条带,Vasostatin120-180aa可显著抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜新生血管的生成.结论:原核表达的Vasosta-tin120-180aa功能区片段具有生物学活性,可明显抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜新生血管的生成,在一定范围内呈量效依赖性.     

人参皂甙Rg3 抑制肿瘤新生血管形成机制研究

 目的　人参皂甙 Rg3抑制肿瘤新生血管的机制。方法　采用鸡胚 CAM和小鼠 Lewis肺癌模型及免疫组化方法探讨 Rg3抑制新生血管形成的机制。结果　Rg3浓度为 0 .1 m M、0 .5 m M时 ,抑制鸡胚 CAM的血管指数 (BI)分别达到 6 2 .4%、45 .6 %。而给予小鼠 Rg3灌胃剂量分别为 5、1 0、2 0 mg/kg/隔日 ,连续 2 0天后 ,观察到 3组的抑瘤率分别为 2 3.0 4%、31 .30 %、47.1 0 % ,同时观察到 Rg3组的新生血管数也明显减少。免疫组化证实 Rg3可明显抑制肿瘤组织内 b FGF的表达。结论　Rg3可明显抑制 Lewis肺癌的生长并抑制了肿瘤新生血管形成。     

雷公藤红素抑制血管生成的实验研究

目的：探讨雷公藤红素对血管生成的抑制作用。方法：采用MTT法测定雷公藤红素对血管内皮细胞株(ECV)增殖的影响,观察雷公藤红素对ECV迁移实验和小管形成实验的作用,以及对鸡胚尿囊膜血管生成的影响。体内实验采用Matrigel plug方法。结果：雷公藤红素可明显抑制ECV的体外增殖,IC50为1．33μg／ml;可抑制ECV的迁移和小管形成,并且呈明显的剂量依赖性;同时具有抑制鸡胚尿囊膜血管生成和Matrigel plug中的血管新生的作用。结论：雷公藤红素具有明显抑制血管生成的作用,有可能成为有效的血管生成抑制剂。     

人血管抑制因子Vasostatin短片段（120 180 aa）的克隆、表达及功能研究

目的：利用基因工程技术，克隆并表达人血管抑制因子Vasostatin120180 aa功能区片段，探讨其对鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜新生血管抑制的作用。方法：采用PCR技术扩增人血管抑制因子Vasostatin120180 aa功能区基因，并利用pQE30原核表达系统诱导表达Vasostatin120180aa，经镍金属螯合层析法纯化，通过鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜实验验证其抑制新生血管生成的作用。结果：PCR扩增出了长度为180 bp的Vasostatin120180 aa功能区基因，后经pQE30原核表达系统表达并纯化出Vasostatin120180 aa，SDSPAGE显现一条约8 kD的阳性条带，Vasostatin120180aa可显著抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜新生血管的生成。结论：原核表达的Vasostatin120180 aa功能区片段具有生物学活性，可明显抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜新生血管的生成，在一定范围内呈量效依赖性。     

bFGF单抗协同替吉奥抑制肺癌Lewis细胞的增殖及移植瘤血管新生

目的:探讨碱性成纤维生长因子(basic fibroblast growth factor,bFGF)单抗与替吉奥(gimeracil and oteracil porassi-um,又称S-1)联合应用体内外抑制小鼠Lewis肺癌细胞增殖、移植瘤生长及转移、肿瘤血管新生的协同作用。方法:CCK-8法检测bFGF单抗及S-1对Lewis细胞增殖的抑制作用。建立C57BL/6小鼠Lewis肺癌自发转移瘤模型,32只小鼠随机分成生理盐水(NS)组、bFGF单抗组、S-1组和bFGF单抗+S-1组,每组8只;测量瘤体,绘制生长曲线,称瘤质量并计算抑瘤率;计数各组肺表面转移瘤结节;CD31标记血管内皮细胞,计数转移瘤微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD)。结果:bFGF单抗、S-1剂量依赖性抑制Lewis细胞增殖(P<0.05),联合用药组抑制率明显高于单药组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。bFGF单抗组、S-1组以及bFGF单抗+S-1组对Lewis转移瘤的抑瘤率分别为37.8%、47.7%、65.9%,联合组抑瘤率明显高于单药组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。联合组肺表面转移结节、微血管密度明显低于单药组(2.71±0.76vs6.57±0.98、4.71±0.76;21.6±2.9vs33.4±4.9、41.9±6.3;P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:bFGF单抗联合S-1对Lewis肺癌移植瘤具有协同抑制作用,其机制与抑制细胞增殖及血管新生有关。     

局部应用内皮抑素对小鼠Lewis肺癌抑瘤作用的研究

目的我们通过局部应用内皮抑素治疗小鼠Lewis肺癌,观察内皮抑素对小鼠Lewis肺癌的抑瘤作用,及内皮抑素对VEGF表达的影响.方法用小鼠Lewis肺癌细胞种植于15只C57小鼠体内,建立小鼠Lewis肺癌移植瘤模型,当移植瘤体积生长至400～600mm3时分组并开始给药.小鼠随机分为三组,A组为空白对照组,B组每日尾静脉注射内皮抑素20μg,C组每日于肿瘤部位局部注射内皮抑素20μg,共11天.测定抑瘤率及微血管密度评价疗效,免疫组化(S-P)法测定VEGF在各组的表达水平.结果试验组较对照组抑瘤率增高(P＜0.05),微血管密度降低(P＜0.05),试验组VEGF水平较对照组低(P＜0.01).结论内皮抑素对小鼠Lewis肺癌移植瘤的生长有明显抑制作用,局部用药较全身用药的作用增强,内皮抑素可以通过降低VEGF在肿瘤组织中的表达抑制肿瘤生长.     

20(S)-人参皂苷Rg_3对Lewis肺癌生长及转移的抑制作用

 目的观察20(S)-人参皂苷Rg3(SPG-Rg3)抗Lewis肺癌生长及转移的作用并探讨其作用机制。方法建立Lewis肺癌实体瘤模型及自发肺转移模型观察SPG-Rg3的抗肿瘤作用,并取Lewis肺癌C57BL/6荷瘤小鼠的脾脏,检测T淋巴细胞转化活性、NK细胞及IL-2活性。结果实体瘤实验中,3.0mg/kg和1.0mg/kg SPG-Rg3用药组瘤重明显低于溶剂对照组(P<0.05),0.3mg/kg组瘤重与溶剂对照组间无差异(P>0.05);SPG-Rg3用药组肺转移结节均明显少于溶剂对照组(P<0.05);SPG-Rg3用药组Lewis肺癌C57BL/6荷瘤小鼠的脾细胞对ConA和IL-2反应性以及NK活性均高于溶剂对照组(P<0.05)。结论SPG-Rg3可抑制Lewis肺癌生长及转移,可能是通过提高荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能来发挥其抑瘤作用。     

Antiangiogenic and antitumor effects of tranilast on mouse lung carcinoma cells

We examined the effects of tranilast on tumor angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis in the mouse Lewis lung carcinoma and C57BL mouse system. Tranilast significantly reduced the dense capillary network induced by Lewis lung cancer cells in a mouse dorsal air sac angiogenesis model. Intraperitoneal administration of tranilast at 200 mg/kg/day reduced the tumor size of mouse Lewis lung carcinoma to about 63% of that of the control and suppressed pulmonary metastasis in a spontaneous system. Immunohistochemistry revealed that tranilast reduced the tumor vascularity and increased apoptosis of the tumor cells in vivo. Tranilast potentiated the inhibition of the tumor growth induced by cyclophosphamide, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), adriamycin and vindesine in vivo. These results suggest that tranilast has antiangiogenic and antitumor effects and might have possible therapeutic applications.     

Effect of angiostatic steroid with or without glucocorticoid activity on metastasis

The effect of angiostatic steroids on pulmonary metastasis was investigated using mice treated with such a steroid before or after intravenous inoculation with Lewis lung carcinoma; cortisone acetate and tetrahydro S, of which the former possesses glucocorticoid activity, and the latter lacks it, were used as the angiostatic steroids. In the presence of heparin, both types of steroids prevented angiogenesis in chick embryo and also pulmonary metastasis in mice when the administration started after cell lodgement. On the other hand, one-shot cortisone treatment before cell inoculation increased the weight of lung colonies to twice that seen in the controls, while tetrahydro S pretreatment did not enhance metastasis. These results revealed that both angiostatic steroids with and without glucocorticoid activity in the presence of heparin inhibited tumor growth in the lungs, and further indicated that cortisone acetate affected the steps of metastasis after the invasion of tumor cells into the blood stream until angiogenesis in the secondary foci, and consequently promoted metastasis, whereas tetrahydro S (which has no glucocorticoid activity) did not affect the steps before angiogenesis. It was thus indicated that the inhibitory effect of angiostatic steroids against tumor growth due to an anti-angiogenic activity was not dependent at all on the metastasis promotion by these steroids having glucocorticoid activity.     

Angiopoietin-3 inhibits pulmonary metastasis by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis

Angiopoietins (Ang-1, Ang-2, and Ang-3) are the ligands of Tie-2 receptor tyrosine kinase. The essential roles of Ang-1 and Tie-2 in embryonic angiogenesis have been established, and studies have demonstrated the involvement of Ang-1 and Ang-2 in tumor angiogenesis. However, the role of Ang-3 in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis and the mechanism underlying its function are totally unknown. We have shown recently that Ang-3 is tethered on cell surface via heparan sulfate proteoglycans. In our current study, we have demonstrated that overexpression of Ang-3 inhibits pulmonary metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma and TA3 mammary carcinoma (TA3) cells by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and promoting apoptosis of the tumor cells. In addition, we have demonstrated that the binding of Ang-3 to the cell surface is required for the effective inhibition of Ang-3 on tumor metastasis and that Ang-3 inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and survival and blocks Ang-1- and vascular endothelial growth factor-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Akt kinases, which likely underlie the Ang-3-mediated inhibition on tumor angiogenesis and metastasis.     

血管生成抑制剂TNP—470抑制Lewis肺癌生长和转移的实验研究

目的采用Ｌｅｗｉｓ肺癌来验证血管生成抑制剂ＴＮＰ－４７０对肿瘤生长和转移的抑制作用。方法将Ｌｅｗｉｓ肺癌细胞接种于Ｃ５７ＢＬ小鼠皮下（２．４×１０６／鼠）。将２０只小鼠随机分成对照组和治疗组,自第２天起分别给予溶剂（３％酒精）０．２ｍｌ和ＴＮＰ－４７０（４０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）,隔天给药１次,共８次。第２２天时,测定对照组和治疗组的皮下瘤重及肺转移率,分别进行ｔ检验和χ２检验。结果两组皮下瘤重分别为３．７７±１．０５ｇ和１．９８±０．９６ｇ（Ｐ＝０．０００９）;两组肺转移率分别为８０％和３０％（Ｐ＝０．０３）。结论血管生成抑制剂ＴＮＰ－４７０能明显抑制Ｌｅｗｉｓ肺癌的生长和转移。     

Combined use of lentinan with X-ray therapy in an experimental mouse tumor system (Part 3). Combined effect on metastatic tumors

Combination effect of lentinan with X-ray irradiation on the metastatic mouse tumors, L1210, KLN205 and Lewis lung carcinoma were studied. Combination use of lentinan with X-ray therapy prolonged the life of BDF1 mice bearing L1210 leukemia in the suitable combination conditions. Combination effects of lentinan with X-ray therapy were also observed on the suppression of the growth of KLN205 squamous cell carcinoma and on the suppression of the metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma. Especially, in the case that lentinan was administered before or after X-ray local irradiation in the pulmonary metastasis system of Lewis lung carcinoma, a marked suppression of pulmonary metastasis was observed and 2 to 4 mice among 8 tested mice were tumor free.     

Inhibition of angiogenesis and tumor growth by a synthetic laminin peptide, CDPGYIGSR-NH2.

A laminin-derived synthetic peptide, Cys-Asp-Pro-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg-NH2 (CDPGYIGSR-H2), containing an active site for cell binding inhibited both angiogenesis and solid tumor growth. It potently suppressed both embryonic angiogenesis of the chick chorioallantoic membrane and migration of vascular endothelial cells induced by a tumor-conditioned medium but neither the in vitro proliferation of endothelial cells nor that of tumor cells. Additionally, in in vivo tests, CDPGYIGSR-NH2 markedly inhibited both the growth of s.c. solid tumor of Sarcoma 180 and that of Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) in the lungs. On the contrary, ascitic tumor growth of Sarcoma 180 was not affected by this peptide, even though the same cell source was used. It was concluded that solid tumor growth inhibition by CDPGYIGSR-NH2 was due not a direct effect on cell growth but to antiangiogenic effect mediated by the inhibition of endothelial cell migration.     

重组金属蛋白酶抑制因子-3抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

目的观察组织金属蛋白酶抑制因子３（ＴＩＭＰ３）对实验性肿瘤的抑制作用,并探讨其作用机理。方法利用重组ＴＩＭＰ３（ｒＴＩＭＰ３）进行抗实验性肿瘤生长、转移及抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（ＣＡＭ）血管生成的研究。结果ｒＴＩＭＰ３对小鼠实验性Ｓ１８０肉瘤、肝癌Ｈ２２有显著的抑制作用,并呈明显的剂量依赖关系。当ｒＴＩＭＰ３剂量为每只２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ给药１０天后,对Ｓ１８０肉瘤、肝癌Ｈ２２的抑制率分别为６３．２％和７３．４％;同样上述剂量的ｒＴＩＭＰ３对小鼠ＬＬＣ实验性肺转移的抑制率为５９．８％。ＣＡＭ血管生成抑制实验表明,ｒＴＩＭＰ３具有显著的抑制血管生成作用。结论ｒＴＩＭＰ３可能通过抑制细胞外基质的降解及抑制血管的生成来发挥其抗肿瘤作用。     

Tumor galectin-1 mediates tumor growth and metastasis through regulation of T-cell apoptosis

Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a carbohydrate-binding protein whose secretion is enhanced by hypoxia, promotes tumor aggressiveness by promoting angiogenesis and T-cell apoptosis. However, the importance of tumor versus host Gal-1 in tumor progression is undefined. Here we offer evidence that implicates tumor Gal-1 and its modulation of T-cell immunity in progression. Comparing Gal-1-deficient mice as hosts for Lewis lung carcinoma cells where Gal-1 levels were preserved or knocked down, we found that tumor Gal-1 was more critical than host Gal-1 in promoting tumor growth and spontaneous metastasis. Enhanced growth and metastasis associated with Gal-1 related to its immunomodulatory function, insofar as the benefits of Gal-1 expression to Lewis lung carcinoma growth were abolished in immunodeficient mice. In contrast, angiogenesis, as assessed by microvessel density count, was similar between tumors with divergent Gal-1 levels when examined at a comparable size. Our findings establish that tumor rather than host Gal-1 is responsible for mediating tumor progression through intratumoral immunomodulation, with broad implications in developing novel targeting strategies for Gal-1 in cancer.