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抗真菌药物的合理应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
真菌对于健康人体而言通常是条件致病菌,当机体抵抗力降低、外部因素不良时,就有可能造成全身或局部真菌感染。近年来临床真菌感染病例有逐年增多的趋势,这可能与下列各种因素有一定的关系:①滥用广谱抗生素,广谱抗生素的应用不仅引起细菌耐药性的问题,也引起了病人体内正常菌群的平衡失调,使得本不致病的真菌变为优势菌,诱发了真菌感染; 相似文献
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320例真菌医院感染及其耐药分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
由真菌引起的感染因免疫受损宿主的不断增多而日益突出,引起国际的广泛关注。国内随着广谱抗生素、糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂广泛使用、器官移植和介入性检查治疗的普遍开展、长期抗肿瘤化疗、艾滋病终末感染等因素而导致人体免疫下降,由真菌引起的条件致病菌感染患者日益增多, 相似文献
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临床细菌室必须重视真菌检测 总被引:20,自引:1,他引:19
随着移植医学的迅速发展,免疫受损群体不断增多,以致真菌引起的感染日渐突出,由机会性真菌感染的患病率和病死率呈急剧上升趋势。文献报道,念珠菌血症死亡率高达45%~75%、侵袭性曲霉菌病的死亡率达55%~70%,原因之一是真菌感染无特异性的临床特征,有近50%病例在早期不能获得实验室的阳性报告,临床医生用药正确率相对较低,常常使患者病情延误导致治疗失败。因此,提高真菌诊断水平已成为感染领域共同关心的热点,临床细菌室同道要重视对真菌检测的重要性,并结合临床、相互交流,为拯救生命作出努力。 相似文献
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自上世纪八十年代以来,感染性疾病中,真菌感染在免疫受损的群体发病率在较大提高,其原因与HIV感染、癌症患者放疗化疗、器官和骨髓移植、广谱抗生素的滥用、激素的应用以及静脉插管和血液透析等介入性操作增加等因素有关[1-4]。随耐药菌株也不断增多,给临床的治疗带来一定困难[5,6]。本文简要综述酵母样真菌对抗真菌药物耐药性方面研究进展。1酵母样真菌感染流行情况在过去20年里,酵母样真菌引起的全身性感染呈上升趋势。在美国医院获得血流(blood stream)感染中,念珠菌排在第四位。据国外报道每年念珠菌引起的人群发病率为2/10万~10/10万… 相似文献
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陈秀香 《中国实用护理杂志》1996,(12)
深部真菌病的早期发现及护理深圳市横岗人民医院(518115)陈秀香随着抗生素及皮质激素的广泛应用,深部真菌病的病例日益增多,及早发现和适当的护理,对于提高其治愈率,降低死亡率有重要意义。我科1992年至1995年间共收治深部真菌病例8例,治愈6例,死... 相似文献
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由于临床上真菌的感染不断增多,因此真菌的检出对疾病的诊断和治疗具有重要的作用。目前发现真菌的感染既可以发生在局部.也可以发生在全身,所以临床上可通过直接镜检法、培养法、核酸扩增法、免疫法发现或诊断真菌感染,其中直接镜检法因简单、方便、快捷和行之有效,常被采用。现将我科在2004年通过血液涂片发现的二例真菌感染的病例报告如下。以供大家参考。 相似文献
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近年来真菌感染发生率在世界范围内呈上升趋势,那些少见的对抗真菌药物不敏感的病原性真菌,如接合菌、毛孢子菌、镰刀菌等引起的感染也逐渐增多,且病死率高,因此真菌感染的诊断和治疗成为研究热点之一。 相似文献
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S Kaojarern M Feldman C T Richardson D C Brater 《Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics》1981,29(2):198-202
Tiotidine and cimetidine kinetics and dynamics were compared to assess mechanisms of the longer duration of effect of tiotidine in man. Both drugs has similar lag times for absorption. Tiotidine with a meal was more slowly absorbed than when fasting and was also more slowly absorbed than cimetidine with a meal. The elimination rates for both drugs did not differ; they were both approximately 2 to 3 hr. Oral doses of cimetidine achieved areas under the plasma concentration curve approximately three times that of tiotidine but these concentrations were only 1/10 as potent. The cimetidine concentration inducing 50% inhibition of food-stimulated gastric acid secretion was 0.41 +/- 0.04 whereas it was 0.04 +/- 0.003 microgram/ml for tiotidine. The effect of tiotidine lasted longer than that of cimetidine because the doses recommended for use in man resulted in higher concentrations in plasma relative to effective concentration than clinical doses of cimetidine. 相似文献
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With the rapid development of society, medical science and technology, although quality of life is enhanced and life expectancy is prolonged, aging, environmental changes and health problems are unavoidable. More and more people, therefore, are concerned about their health and place high demands on medical care. As modern medicine cannot meet all such demands, other medical care systems emerge. Trends in the seeking of medical care show that people are inclined towards natural approaches, so attention is being paid once again to traditional medicine, as well as complementary and alternative medicine. Under the patient-oriented concept, medical personnel have to recognize means of health care while thinking of the individualized and socioeconomic impacts. The purpose of this paper therefore is to provide medical personnel with information on the developments and trends in, knowledge and research with regard to traditional medicine as well as complementary and alternative medicine. 相似文献