原发性肝癌患者血清血管内皮生长因子水平及其意义

【目的】探讨原发性肝细胞癌（HCC）患者血清血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growthfactor,VEGF）水平及其临床意义。【方法】选择HCC患者60例（HCC组）和正常对照组60例（对照组）,采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测两组入选对象血清中VEGF的含量,比较两组血清VEGF水平并分析其与临床病理特征的关系。【结果】HCC组患者血清VEGF水平（368．8±172．6）pg／mL显著高于对照组血清VEGF（158．8士60．2）pg／mL（P〈0．01）;HCC组血清VEGF水平与肿瘤大小呈正相关（P〈0．01）,有转移与复发的患者血清VEGF水平显著高于无转移与复发的患者,TNMⅢ、Ⅳ期患者血清VEGF浓度显著高于TNMI、Ⅱ期患者,有门脉癌栓与肝内外转移的患者血清VEGF水平显著高于无静脉癌栓及无肝内转移患者,合并肝硬化的患者VEGF水平明显高于无肝硬化患者,其差异均有显著性（P〈0．01）。【结论】血清VEGF水平可作为HCC诊断、判断恶性程度及是否转移和估计预后的有效指标。     

肺癌患者血管内皮生长因子和内皮抑素水平变化及意义

目的探讨肺癌患者手术、化疗及联合恩度化疗前后血清血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和E内皮抑索（ndostatin）水平的变化及临床意义。方法用ELISA法检测20例健康人及20例肺癌患者手术前后和60例肺癌患者化疗及联合恩度前后的血清VEGF和Endostatin水平。结果肺癌组血清VEGF、Endostatin水平明显高于健康人组（P〈0．01），其水平与肿瘤大小、临床分期有关，与组织学类型无关（P〉0．05）。肺癌患者手术后第1天VEGF水平高于手术前（P〈0．01），第7天血清VEGF水平高于手术前和手术后第1天水平（P〈0．01）。肺癌患者单独化疗受益组结束后1d血清内皮抑素水平明显高于化疗前和化疗结束后14d的水平（P〈0．05）。单独化疗无效组第14天血清VEGF水平高于化疗前和化疗后第1天水平（P〈0．05）。肺癌患者单独及联合“恩度”化疗受益组治疗后第1天血清VEGF水平低于化疗前（P〈0．05），第14天血清VEGF水平低予治疗前和治疗后第1天水平（P〈0．05）。联合恩度化疗有效率为56．67％，单独化疗有效率为26．67％（P〈0．05），且其有效患者的VEGF水平治疗后明显下降（P〈0．05）。结论肺癌患者的血清VEGF和Endostatin水平升高且随临床分期进展和肿瘤直径增大明显升高，并与手术及化疗有关，有助于对肺癌患者的治疗效果和预后进行判断。血清VEGF和Endostatin水平不受病理类型的影响，化疗联合“恩度”治疗肺癌优于单用化疗，血清VEGF水平是疗效监测指标之一。     

血管内皮生长因子联合血清肿瘤标志物对肺癌早期诊断意义

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）联合血清肿瘤标志物对肺癌早期诊断意义。方法 2008年1月-2009年8月收治的92例患者中肺癌患者64例,采集静脉血清标本采用酶联免疫法检测其VEGF水平。结果 64例肺癌与28例非肺癌患者VEGF表达水平分别为（255.72±566.00）、（299.46±795.8）pg/mL,两者比较无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;43例中晚期肺癌VEGF值（125.07±68.2）pg/mL,表达显著高于12例早期肺癌（196.00±260.60）pg/mL（P〈0.05）;CEA与CYFRA21-1的表达对判断26例发生胸膜转移的肺癌有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论结合血清VEGF水平和常规肿瘤标志物,可评估现状及临床分期,VEGF结合CEA与CYFRA21-1表达水平为预测肺癌患者早期发生胸膜转移提供理论依据。     

急性和慢性髓系白血病患者VEGF表达的研究

目的：探究急性髓系白血病（AML）与慢性髓系白血病（CML）血清及CML骨髓细胞VEGF含量的变化。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）对49例AML和17例CML患者血清及20例CML患者骨髓细胞VEGF浓度进行检测。结果：AML患者血清平均VEGF浓度为201．17pg/ml,与正常对照组（133．37pg/ml)比较,有明显的统计差异（P＜0．05）;而CML患者血清VEGF水平可达517．79pg/ml,显著高于正常对照组（P＜0．001）,AML患者各亚型中VEGF水平无明显差异,但以M3型最高（299．31pg/ml),CML患者骨髓细胞培养上清液ＶＥＧＦ的浓度（649．16pg/ml)也显著高于正常骨髓细胞对照组（P＜0．01）,结论：AML和CML患者存在VEGF的异常高表达,提示血管生成和血管内皮生长因子可能在急性与慢性髓系白血病的发病中发挥重要作用。     

VEGF检测对良恶性胸腔积液的诊断价值

目的探讨胸腔积液血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）含量对良恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值。方法 VEGF检测采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）。结果在恶性疾病组中VEGF平均检测值为（1 383.08±781.98）pg/ml,敏感性为85.6%,特异性为92.6,准确性为88.5%。结论恶性疾病组胸腔积液VEG F含量明显高于良性疾病组,差异有统计学意义。     

人类免疫缺陷病毒感染对血管内皮生长因子水平的影响

目的探讨人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染对血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）水平的影响程度。方法选择2011年1月至2012年12月HIV感染伫院患者30例为HIV组，选取其他疾病非HIV感染患者30例为非HIV组，比较两组患者血中VEGF水平。同时对HIV感染者行HIVRNA检测，分析HIV感染者体内病毒水平与VEGF的相关性。结果HIV组中VEGF水平为（285．76±38．25）pg／mL，高于非HIV组的VEGF水平L（256．03±48．46）pg／mL]（t=2．638，P=0．011）；HIV组患者中HIVRNA水平与VEGF水平无明显的相关性（P〉0．05）。结论HIV感染可导致血清VEGF水平明显升高，但其升高程度与HIVRNA无明显的相关性。     

胸腔积液中环氧化酶-2与血管内皮生长因子的表达及临床意义

目的通过胸腔积液中环氧化酶-2(COX-2)及血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)含量的测定,探讨COX-2、VEGF对良恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值及意义。方法选取于2015年6月至2016年8月在山东省千佛山医院就诊并确诊的48例恶性胸腔积液、10例良性胸腔积液,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA法)测定胸腔积液中COX-2、VEGF的表达水平,比较COX-2、VEGF在良恶性胸腔积液中表达的差异。结果 48例恶性胸腔积液及10例良性胸腔积液中COX-2、VEGF表达量与性别、年龄无明显关系(P>0.05)。恶性胸腔积液中COX-2、VEGF表达量为(788.04±128.85)U/L、(365.27±80.63)ng/L,良性胸腔积液中COX-2、VEGF表达量为(366.92±41.08)U/L、(114.67±15.69)ng/L,恶性胸腔积液中COX-2、VEGF表达水平显著高于良性胸腔积液,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论恶性胸腔积液中COX-2、VEGF的表达显著高于良性胸腔积液,有望成为良恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断的有效指标。     

化疗对晚期结直肠癌患者血清VEGF水平的影响

目的探讨晚期结直肠癌患者化疗前后血清血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的变化及其与疗效的关系。方法收集48例晚期结直肠癌患者化疗前及化疗4周期后血清,采用ELISA法检测VEGF水平。结果晚期结直肠癌患者外周血清VEGF水平明显高于健康体检者（P〈0．05）;48例晚期结直肠癌化疗后血清VEGF明显下降,化疗前后分别为（434．52&#177;124．34）pg／mL、（384．45&#177;98．95）pg／mL,差别具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。血清VEGF水平的变化与疗效有关,疗效达CR＋PR者血清VEGF水平化疗后（344．59&#177;93．57）pg／mL比化疗前明显降低（P〈0．05）;疗效为SD＋PD者血清VEGF水平化疗后（417．92&#177;123．53）pg／mL比化疗前略有下降,但差异无统计学意义;疗效达CR＋PR者化疗后血清VEGF水平明显低于疗效为SD＋PD者（P〈0．05）。结论晚期结直肠癌全身化疗能够明显影响血清VEGF水平,动态检测化疗前后血清VEGF水平能反映化疗近期疗效,并可能作为结直肠癌复发转移的重要指标。     

VEGF与COX-2在多发性骨髓瘤病人中的表达及意义

本研究探讨血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和环氧化酶-2（Cox-2）在多发性骨髓瘤（MM）患者中的表达及临床意义。收集29例MM患者血清标本,用ELISA法测定血清中VEGF含量,Western blot法测定血清中Cox-2含量。结果表明：MM患者血清VEGF含量（365．34±65．63）Pg／ml明显高于正常对照组VEGF含量（122．52±39．29）pg／ml（P〈0．05）,在疾病进展期VEGF含量（395．07±54．90）pg／ml高于稳定期VEGF含量（300．33±44．22）pg／ml（P〈0．05）。MM患者血清Cox-2表达阳性率为31％,高于正常对照组阳性率0％（P〈0．01）,疾病进展期Cox-2表达阳性率为50％,高于稳定期阳性率21％（P〈0．01）。结论：VEGF和Cox-2水平在MM发病中有一定意义,可作为评估病情的重要指标。     

沙利度胺对晚期NSCLC血清VEGF、bFGF和TNF-α的影响

目的：观察沙利度胺联合化疗方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的疗效,及其对血清血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）水平的影响。方法选取晚期NSCLC患者87例,随机分为观察组45例,对照组42例,对照组给予NP方案化疗,观察组在此基础上联合沙利度胺治疗,观察2组患者的临床疗效及血清VEGF、bFGF及TNF-α指标水平的变化。结果观察组临床受益率（CBR）显著高于对照组（P＜0．01）。治疗后2组患者血清VEGF水平均显著下降（P＜0．05）,观察组血清bFGF水平显著下降（P＜0．05）,对照组血清bFGF水平与治疗前无显著差异（P＞0．05）。2组患者治疗后血清TNF-α水平显著低于治疗前（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）,且观察组显著低于对照组（P＜0．05）。结论沙利度胺联合化疗治疗晚期NSCLC具有一定的优势,能降低血清VEGF、bFGF及TNF-α指标水平。     

Influence of the interval between time points on individual fetal growth curve standards derived from Rossavik models and two ultrasound scans before 26 weeks, menstrual age

We studied the influence of the interval between the two scans used before 26 weeks' menstrual age to generate individual fetal growth curve standards utilizing the Rossavik growth model: P = c(t) kappa + s(t) (model specification functions previously reported). Intervals of 3 weeks to 12 weeks were suitable for predicting the growth of the abdominal and head circumferences and femur diaphysis length in individual fetuses. However, large systematic and random errors were found with intervals less than 5 weeks for three-dimensional parameters such as the head and abdominal cubes and estimated fetal weight. In addition, the data suggest that the systematic errors for these latter parameters may increase with intervals of 10 weeks or more. Overall, optimal individual fetal growth curve standards were best generated from two scans before 26 weeks' menstrual age separated by 5 weeks to 9 weeks.     

Prediction of normal fetal growth by the Rossavik growth model using two scans before 27 weeks, menstrual age

Individual growth curve standards for five fetal anatomic parameters (head and abdominal circumferences, head and abdominal cubes, and femur diaphysis length) and estimated fetal weight were prospectively developed in 70 pregnant women who delivered infants with growth considered appropriate-for-menstrual age. For this purpose, we used the Rossavik growth model (P = c(t) kappa + s(t], model specification functions previously reported, and the data of two scans before 27.0 weeks of menstrual age, separated by an interval of at least 5 weeks. The anatomic parameters and estimated weights of these fetuses in the last 14 weeks of gestation were found to have values close to their projected standards. Whereas there was a significant, although small, systematic error of overprediction for most of the parameters and estimated fetal weight, deviations between observed and expected values were, with few exceptions, within the ranges established by Deter for normal growth. This study demonstrates that the Rossavik growth model could be used to predict normal fetal growth in a sample of patients different from those from which the model was developed.     

Small-for-menstrual-age infants: Different subgroups detected using individualized fetal growth assessment

Our purpose was to study the individual fetal growth patterns of infants who were born small-for-menstrual-age. Growth in the second and third trimester was assessed in 98 small-for-menstrual-age infants, using individual fetal growth curves generated by the growth model: P = c(t)^k+s(t). Growth indices were compared with those previously reported for that method in infants with normal growth. The small-for-menstrual-age infants were distributed into four growth patterns, ie, infants with either normal or decreased second-trimester growth indices, who, by the time of birth, succeed or fail in fulfilling their individual growth potential. These four growth patterns appear to be associated with different pathophysiological mechanisms and incidences of perinatal complications. Individual fetal growth assessment identifies differences in genetically determined growth and differentiates between fetuses who achieve their growth potential and those with growth failure who are at greater risk for fetal compromise. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

转化生长因子-β、碱性成纤维生长因子和血小板衍生生长因子在骨折愈合中的表达

目的:观察转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)和血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)在骨折愈合中的表达和分布情况,进而探讨其作用机制。方法:选用SD大鼠制作胫骨骨折愈合模型,伤后不同时期处死取材,分别进行组织学和TGF-β、bFGF和PDGF免疫组化染色观察。结果:(1)伤后3d开始形成原始骨痂。1周时肉芽组织中的间质细胞开始分化为软骨细胞,软骨形成后再进行软骨内化骨。4周时形成连接骨折端的桥接骨痂。(2)伤后早期血肿中炎性细胞表达bFGF、PDGF。伤后1周骨膜增殖细胞、肉芽组织中的成纤维细胞、内皮细胞、骨端骨细胞以及原始骨痂成骨细胞表达TGF-β、bFGF和PDGF。伤后2周软骨细胞表达TGF-β、bFGF和PDGF。结论:TGF-β、bFGF和PDGF有着各自的表达和分布特点,并共同调解骨原细胞的增殖和成骨细胞、软骨细胞的分化,最终完成骨折愈合。     

胰岛素生长因子Ⅰ、Ⅱ及其结合蛋白3在胎儿生长受限中的作用

目的:探讨胰岛素样生长因子Ⅰ、Ⅱ(IGF-Ⅰ、Ⅱ)及其结合蛋白3(IGFBP-3)与胎儿生长受限(fetalgrowth restricton,FGR)之间的关系,为临床诊断及治疗提供新的思路及实验依据.方法:选取2007年6月至2010年12月在广州医学院附属广州市第一人民产科住院的临床诊断的中期FGR孕妇共30例,抽取同期引产的健康孕妇30例作为对照组1;分娩时再抽取30例健康分娩孕妇作为对照组2:分别测定FGR孕妇组在孕中期及分娩时与两个对照组的母血、羊水及脐血中的IGF-Ⅰ、Ⅱ及IGFBP-3的浓度并对比它们的差异.结果:FGR组的IGF-Ⅰ、Ⅱ水平在孕中期及分娩时均下降,而IGFBP-3水平却升高.结论:IGF-Ⅰ、Ⅱ及IGFBP-3可能与FGR的发生发展密切相关,IGF-Ⅰ、Ⅱ的降低及IGFBP-3的升高可能是导致胎儿生长受限的重要原因之一.     

A simple, rapid immunometric assay for determination of functional and growth hormone-occupied growth hormone-binding protein in human serum

We present a sensitive time-resolved fluorometric immunofunctional assay (TR-FIA) for direct quantitation of functional growth hormone-binding protein (GHBP), using an immunoassay kit for growth hormone (GH-DELFIA). In addition to the immobilized GH antibody, one monoclonal antibody against GHBP was used. This anti-GHBP was labelled with the chelate of europium. The assay was performed in one step. The detection limit for GHBP was 0.044 nmol L^–1 (NBS + 3 SD). The calibration curve was linear in the interval 0.11–8.03 nmol L^?1. Average intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 3.44%. Average interassay CV at GHBP concentrations 0.563 nmol L^?1 and 1.40 nmol L^?1 were 12% and 6.3% respectively. Analytical recovery in serum ranged from 76% to 127% with a mean of 101 ± 3.6%. Serum GHBP in 102 normal subjects ranged from 0.513 to 3.772 nmol L ¹ and was positively related to body mass index (P < 0.001). In growth hormone-deficient sera GHBP was higher than in control subjects (1.751 ± 0.179 nmol L^?1 and 1.257 ± 0.140 nmol L^?1 respectively, P < 0.001). Acromegalic patients had lower levels of GHBP than controls (0.946 ± 0.251 and 1.234 ± 0.144 nmol L^?1 respectively, P = 0.005). This assay also allowed detection of GH-complexed GHBP in serum. These results were in agreement with theoretical values calculated from the measured GH and the functional GHBP concentrations. Results were compared with data obtained by a recently reported, validated ligand immunofunctional assay (LIFA), which is fundamentally different. There was a significant linear relationship between the results from the two assays (r = 0.89, P = 0.001). The slope of the regression line was 0.65. In conclusion, this new convenient GHBP TR-FIA provides a sensitive and precise method for detecting total GHBP as well as complexed GHBP in human serum, and allows easy processing of large numbers of samples.     

The fetal arm: individualized growth assessment in normal pregnancies.

OBJECTIVE: The goals were to introduce fractional arm volume (AVol) as a new soft tissue parameter of fetal growth assessment and to develop individualized growth standards, based on Rossavik models, for AVol, midarm circumference (ArmC), and humeral diaphysis length (HDL). METHODS: A prospective longitudinal study of 22 fetuses was conducted using 2- and 3-dimensional sonography. Three new growth parameters (HDL, ArmC, and AVol) were used to establish individualized standards for arm growth with the use of Rossavik functions [P=c(t)k (+) s(t), where P is the anatomic parameter; c, k, and s are model coefficients; and t is the time variable]. Second-trimester models were specified from the linear slopes of growth curves before approximately 28.0 menstrual weeks. For a given fetus, normal third-trimester trajectories were predicted for each parameter. Observed and predicted measurements were compared by percent deviations. RESULTS: Rossavik functions fit all parameter trajectories extremely well (R(2)=95.7%-99.4%). By fixing coefficients k at their mean values, their respective fits did not change, and the variabilities of both coefficients c and s were reduced. Coefficient c was also significantly related to second-trimester slope, as was s to c, for all 3 parameters (R(2)=97.7%-98.7%; P<.0001). Mean percent deviations between observed and predicted third-trimester HDL, ArmC, and AVol measurements were -0.1% +/- 2.9%, 0.5% +/- 4.6%, and 0.4% +/- 8.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Individualized growth assessment, using HDL and ArmC, can accurately predict normal arm growth during the third trimester of pregnancy. AVol may also allow earlier detection and improved monitoring of soft tissue abnormalities that can occur in fetuses with growth disturbances.     

生长因子在组织工程半月板构建中的作用

背景：生长因子诱导细胞向纤维软骨分化是半月板组织工程研究热点。半月板的体外构建和体内重塑与生长因子的作用关系密切。目的：概述近年来生长因子半月板组织工程研究进展,并对其机制进行探讨。方法：应用计算机检索2008年1月至2013年3月维普数据库(http：//lib.cqvip.com)、中国知网数据库(www.cnki.net)及Pubmed数据库(http：//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed)相关文章,以“半月板组织工程;软骨;生长因子”为中文检索词;以“meniscus tissue engineering, cartilage, growth factors”为英文检索词。纳入53篇关于半月板组织工程中生长因子研究的文章。结果与结论：软骨组织工程研究中生长因子的种类繁多,新的生长因子亦在不断的被发现。生长因子对软骨调节作用的研究,从以前的单一生长因子模式开始向多生长因子间相互作用研究模式转变;生长因子对软骨调节作用的分子机制也得到了广泛的研究。生长因子在组织工程中具有良好的运用前景,但还存在着许多尚待解决的问题,如在半月板愈合过程中,不同时间阶段、不同生长因子的表达与作用均不相同,因此如何适时、适量以及怎样发挥生长因子之间的相互作用来更好的模拟体内微环境,探究生长因子对软骨调节作用的分子机制以及发现新的生长因子等都将是半月板组织工程中的研究重点。     

Validation of growth charts for girls with Turner syndrome

Growth charts, which describe the natural course of growth in Turner syndrome (TS) patients, are commonly used in studies in lieu of control groups. While analysing data, various charts produce different final height estimations and height-gain predictions. The choice of an appropriate chart should be the first task when assessing effects of growth hormone treatment. The purpose of this study was to establish the most appropriate growth chart for the subsequent analysis of growth rate in the patients with TS observed initially for a short time without treatment in our clinic. We propose the criteria that a standardised chart should meet. The obtained height-standardised values (height standard deviation score -- Ht SDS) should represent normal distribution with a mean of 0 and standard deviation of 1; their initial mean value and mean change in these values during observation without treatment should not be different from 0. We studied 62 untreated girls with TS using three different growth charts. The values of Ht SDS based on the Lyon chart showed a significant difference from normal distribution (p < 0.05). Only the mean value of an initiaent from 0 (p = 0.088). The mean change of the Ht SDS value based on Lyon and Ranke charts during the follow-up period was not statistically different from 0 (p > 0.05), whereas the difference was statistically significant when the Wisniewski chart was used. Only the Ranke chart correctly characterised TS girls in our clinic. This analysis indicates the importance of careful selection of an appropriate growth chart for an observed population, before applying it to evaluate the effects of hormonal therapy.