西南地区大学生性观念现状调查及教育对策

目的了解西南地区大学生性观念现状,为高校性健康教育提供依据。方法采用问卷形式对西南地区866名在校大学生的婚前、婚外性行为态度进行调查,并对调查结果进行统计分析。结果68.16%的男大学生和57.12%女大学生认可婚前性行为,但46.65%的大学生能对恋人的性要求采取理智的克制态度;58.60%的女大学生和32.80%的男大学生认为婚外性行为是不道德的应受法律制裁;73.90%的大学生对性自由和性解放持“提倡”或“无所谓”的态度;32.56%的大学生认为贞洁观对“男女都重要”;30.14%的大学生认为一旦和恋人发生了性关系就一定会娶她(嫁他)。结论西南地区大学生存在性观念开放与性行为保守的冲突,大学生贞洁观逐渐淡化,性不再意味着婚姻,且性别差异显著。因此应加强大学生性健康教育,提高大学生性教育的合理性。     

大学生性健康教育教学实效探索

目的了解性健康教育指导课对大学生的影响及意义。方法采用课题组统一编制的封闭式无记名问卷对选修大学生性健康指导课程的东北某大学工科和文科的312名大学生进行了调查。结果学生选修大学生性健康指导公共选修课的目的主要是希望学习性知识、接受性教育(占77.6%);学生对婚前性行为的正确认识、对婚外性行为的正确认识以及对贞洁观的正确认识在选修后均明显高于选修前(P<0.01);认为性健康教育指导课对大学生的性观念有一定影响(占61.8%);大学生对性健康教育指导课的评价主要是能了解一些性知识,但收获不大(占35.5%)。结论性健康教育指导课对大学生规范性行为、性观念及其他方面均有一定的影响,应大力开展大学生性健康教育课。     

性健康教育对大学生性观念影响的调查研究

[目的]了解大学生在接受性健康教育前后对性观念、婚前性行为等有何种改变,用实证的方法验证对大学生进行性健康教育是否行之有效. [方法]采用SPSS11.5软件进行统计分析,选择某校2006、2007级1 647名学生进行无记名问卷调查. [结果]50%左右的大学生认为"贞洁对男女双方都是至关重要",71.12%的学生认为婚外性行为不利于家庭和社会稳定,在接受性健康教育之后对学生性观念的影响比例之和达到了91.1%. [结论]在大学校园内对学生进行性健康教育是十分必要和非常有效的.     

1427名大学生性传播疾病知识和性观念调查

目的了解大学生对性传播疾病知识的了解程度和对婚前性行为的观念。为今后开展高校性健康教育课程提供依据。方法对我校2012年及2013年选修健康教育课的大学生在考试测试中采用选择题和简答题的形式进行调查。结果大学生对性病传播途径及相关知识的知晓率较高,均在99%以上。对婚前性行为持反对态度41.8%高于持赞同态度23.8%,但持赞同态度的有逐年上升趋势,2013年31.6%高于2012年16.0%。对婚前性行为的看法中比例最高的是贞洁对女性很重要28.8%。发生婚前性行为最担心的问题是被传染性疾病(37.6%)。结论大学生的性观念正在发生变化,性健康教育应综合运用性道德、性法律、性生理、性心理等学科知识,尤其应结合计划生育开展避孕、生育及性疾病防治等方面的相关医学知识教育,培养大学生树立健康性观念,提高性病防护意识。     

大学生婚前性行为态度及与性行为关系

目的 了解广东省广州地区大学生婚前性行为态度,为制订性健康教育和行为干预措施提供参考依据.方法 采用分层整群抽样方法 对广州市4所高校840名在校大学生进行匿名问卷调查.结果 男大学生对婚前性行为持赞同态度的比率明显高于女生(P<0.01);高年级大学生明显高于低年级(P<0.05),且赞同比率随着年级的升高而呈现逐渐升高趋势;在只要不怀孕就可以发生婚前性行为、性行为是对爱情的承诺方面,农村及城市大学生态度比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);49.7%的学生认为只要双方相爱有感情就可以发生婚前性行为,51.6%认为婚前性行为是大学生的生理心理需求,55.3%认为大学生发生婚前性行为的目的 是为了满足性欲;对婚前性行为持赞成态度的学生发生婚前性行为的比率明显高于非赞成者.结论 大学生对婚前性行为态度呈现多元化,婚前性行为客观存在,大学生性健康教育应根据性别、年级不同而有所侧重.     

大学生性观念调查

目的了解大学生性观念现状,为高校开展性健康教育提供理论依据。方法采用《大学生性健康调查问卷》对山西某大学1000名大学生进行无记名问卷调查。结果大学生性观念较为开放,对于婚前性行为和未婚同居普遍持认可态度,性行为发生率高达21.06%,男生的性观念比女生开放,性行为发生率也高于女生。结论高校性健康教育应该以性纯洁教育为主旨,辅以性安全教育的全面的性健康教育。     

女大学生婚前性行为的影响因素

目的:探讨影响女大学生婚前性行为的因素,为女大学生性健康/生殖健康干预提供有参考价值的客观数据。方法:采用自编问卷调查法,整群随机抽取云南省6所高校的840名18～25岁的女大学生为调查对象。结果:①5.1%的女大学生承认有非意愿妊娠行为,16.2%承认有性经历但无妊娠行为,78.7%报告无性经历。②在性知识掌握的正确率方面,有性经历组(未妊娠)高于无性经历组(P=0.000～0.002);在对婚前性行为的容许度方面,有性经历组(未妊娠)高于无性经历组(P=0.000);在婚前性行为对身心影响和未来家庭影响的性态度方面,有性经历组(未妊娠)低于无性经历组(P=0.028/P=0.000);在生殖健康"以女性为重点,男性参与"的性态度方面,有性经历组(未妊娠)低于无性经历组(P=0.000)。③Lo-gistic回归分析显示,年级、避孕相关的知识、婚前性行为对未来家庭的负面影响、性行为容许度是影响性行为发生的因素。结论:性态度是影响女大学生性行为的重要因素,传统性的贞洁观和性道德教育仍对女大学生性态度/行为具有相当约束力,提示性道德教育仍将是我国学校性健康/生殖健康干预中不容忽视的重要措施。     

上海市大学生性观念与性行为调查

[目的]了解大学生性观念和性行为发展现状,为高校性健康教育和行为干预提供科学依据.[方法]采用分层随机整群抽样的方法对上海市5所高校的931名大学生进行无记名问卷调查. [结果]不同交往程度下的婚前性行为认同比例分别为29.2%、56.8%、79.1%,男生均大于女生,差异有统计学意义;有婚前性行为的大学生占9.9%,男生大于女生. [结论]部分大学生性观念与性行为在发展过程中存在着认知和行为上的误区,应针对不同对象分类进行性知识、性道德、性伦理、性健康教育.     

大学生性知识、性观念和性行为现况分析

目的:了解大学生性知识、性观念、性行为和性教育现状。方法:对北华大学四个学院的1 115例大学生进行问卷调查。结果:57.93%的男生和70.10%的女生认为没有接受过性教育,认为贞操观至关重要的占54.35%,对性解放持“不赞成,不干涉”矛盾态度的占63.68%,有过婚前性行为的占10.31%,平均年龄为20.7岁。结论:大学生因性科学知识贫乏而普遍渴求性健康教育。虽然目前大学生婚前性行为还不普遍,但性态度已开始发生变化,应及时给予正确的引导和教育。     

基诺族中学生性观念和性行为现况

目的了解基诺族中学生性观念现状,为开展基诺族中学生性健康和心理健康教育提供依据。方法用分层随机整群法抽取基诺族251名中学生进行自填式问卷调查。结果基诺族中学生性知识主要来源为学校课程(27.1%);与异性间有过拥抱、接吻、性交行为的分别为52.6%1,3.5%,26.3%;45.8%认为自慰是不正常的行为;以建立婚姻为恋爱目的只有14.7%;在对待贞操观上男女生态度差异较大;对待婚前性行为:51.8%认为只要双方愿意就可以;对待婚外性行为:70.9%认为对自己、家庭、他人都不利。结论基诺族中学生对性知识掌握不够,大部分学生性观念比较开放,发生性行为的现象客观存在。     

The Influence of Gender on Sex: A Study of Men's and Women's Self-Reported High-Risk Sex Behavior

An investigation is presented of the relationship between gender and five self-reported high-risk sex behaviors: ever having had casual sex, the lifetime number of vaginal sex partners, the lifetime number of anal sex partners, having had multiple vaginal sex partners over the short term, and having had multiple anal sex partners over the short term. The analysis was guided by a conceptual model that emphasized the constraints and opportunities for high-risk sex behavior that arise from an individual's structural position and cultural context. Gender differences in high-risk sex behaviors were predicted to be due to differences in men's and women's family roles, work roles, religious behaviors, and past sex experience. In addition, the effects of certain sociocultural factors on the high-risk sex behaviors were expected to be dependent on an individual's gender. The hypotheses were evaluated using national data from the United States on self-reported sex behaviors for men ages 20 to 39 years old and women ages 20 to 37 years old. Data analyses were conducted using ordinary least-squares regression and logistic regression. Findings provided mixed support for the predictions. Gender was not significantly related to short-term, self-reported high-risk sex behaviors once social and cultural factors were included in the statistical models. But it continued to predict lifetime behaviors. Several variables, including race, age, age at first sex, and marital status, had gender-specific effects on the self-reported high-risk sex behaviors. The study demonstrates how the effects of structural and cultural factors on sex behavior differ for men and women.     

浙江省艾滋病综合防治示范区低档暗娼肛交行为调查

目的 分析浙江省艾滋病综合防治示范区低档暗娼与嫖客发生肛交行为的相关情况及影响因素。方法 2013年在浙江省21个艾滋病综合防治示范区开展低档暗娼调查。以最近1个月是否与嫖客发生过肛交为因变量,其他行为感知、行为特征等为自变量,采用logistic回归模型分析低档暗娼肛交行为发生的相关因素。结果 共调查低档暗娼2 645人,≥26岁占67.9%（1 796/2 645）、初中及以下文化程度占89.9%（2 378/2 645）、已婚占58.4%（1 546/2 645）、外省籍占78.2%（2 068/2 645）、月均收入≤4 000元的占68.6%（1 814/2 645）;最近1个月与嫖客肛交发生率为5.03%（133/2 645）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,低档暗娼最近1个月与嫖客发生肛交的影响因素包括：性服务类型为发廊/按摩店、路边店和其他场所服务,分别是站街服务的7.31倍（95% CI：2.27～23.59）、7.89倍（95% CI：2.27～27.40）和4.65倍（95% CI： 1.23～17.53）;性服务地区数量≥4个县（区）是性服务仅固定在1个县（区）的1.68倍（95% CI：1.01～2.81）;最近1个月嫖客年龄段仅为中年及以上是青年和中年及以上嫖客的0.45倍（95% CI：0.30～0.66）;有STD感染风险意识者是无STD感染风险意识者的2.00倍（95% CI：1.20～3.32）;最近1个月与嫖客发生口交者是与未发生口交者的7.29倍（95% CI：4.78～11.12）。结论 浙江省艾滋病综合防治示范区的低档暗娼与嫖客的商业性行为存在肛交现象,发生口交的低档暗娼更容易发生肛交。应重点关注低档暗娼的肛交及危险行为干预。     

An Instrument to Measure Safer Sex Strategies Used by Male Sex Workers

Several studies have related safe sex in the commercial sex encounter to the ability of sex workers to apply specific safer sex strategies. However, no instrument has been previously available to measure these skills. The Safer-Sex Strategy Scale (SSS) was developed for such purposes. The psychometric properties (reliability and validity) were evaluated with a sample of sex workers recruited from Australian cities. A questionnaire was administered to 184 sex workers aged 18–58 years using a convenience sampling method. Results indicated that the SSS can be conceptualized as a four variation construct and can be reliably (all subscales yielded at least a Cronbach's = .60) and validly measured. Additionally, the relationship of the SSS to various sex work experiences was explored. The results show that the length of time working as a sex worker and contact with sex work organizations and sexual health clinics appear to influence the level of agreement of using the safer sex strategies evaluated.     

Sex knowledge,attitudes, and experience of Chinese medical students in Hong Kong

Sex knowledge, attitudes, and experience of 83 Chinese undergraduate medical students were assessed in their responses to the Sex Knowledge and Attitude Test. They were found to be relatively less knowledgeable especially in areas of social and cultural data-based knowledge and were less liberal especially in attitudes toward heterosexual relations and abortion. While increased knowledge tended to be associated with the repudiation of sexual myths, a general conservative outlook as assessed by the Wilson-Patterson Conservatism Scale was found to have the greatest influence on attitudes toward heterosexual relations, autoeroticism, and abortion. In contrast to the sexual practice of young Chinese of similar age based on another survey, the present sample of medical students was relatively heterosexually inexperienced. Implications for medical education with value reorientation are discussed.This study was supported by a research grant from the Chou's foundation.     

The clarke SHQ: A clinical sex history questionnaire for males

The development of a 225-item sexual history questionnaire is reported. The frequency, desire for, and disgust for a wide range of sexual behaviors, including anomalous behavior, were examined. Twenty-four scales were derived from factor analysis of the items. The scales were represented by modest unitary factors but were relatively free of bias from age, education, intelligence, social desirability, and defensiveness. The scales generally discriminated clinically relevant groups from control subjects and therefore meet a clinical need in the assessment of anomalous sexual behavior. The instrument also appears to be useful in examining hypotheses for research. Among these observations was the continuity between exhibitionism and heterosexual pedophilia and the apparent bisexuality of some homosexual males. The scale allows for the assessment of the preferences of sexually inexperienced males as well.This project was funded by the Youth Secretariat of the Ontario Government and the Psychiatric Research Fund, Clarke Institute of Psychiatry.A copy of the SHQ and its scoring manual may be obtained on request. The SHQ has also been programmed for computer scoring.     

A lifetime portfolio of risky and risk-free sexual behaviour and the prevalence of AIDS

A lifetime portfolio of risky and risk-free sexual activities is conceptually constructed in this paper. People's time allocation between risky and risk-free sexual activities affects, and is affected by, the prevalence of AIDS. A small satisfaction differential between risky and risk-free sex can lead to a significant prevalence of AIDS. Numerical simulations suggest that the reduction in the prevalence of AIDS generated by a 1% improvement in the sensual quality of freely distributed condoms can be 0.855% when the initial satisfaction differential between risky and risk-free sex is 50% or 0.464% when the initial satisfaction differential is 100%.     

性健康教育的基本目的：优化人类性驱力

性和性健康是人类健康的核心问题之一。性健康教育必须以人格教育为基础,以优化人类性驱力、性素质为基本目的,逐步提高人们对性的科学认识水平和自我调节、自我控制的能力。这是解决人类所面临的与性相关的严重的社会问题,医学问题的一项根本措施,也是性健康教育成败的关键。     

Scaling sex attitudes and behavior in South Africa

Sex attitudes and behavior were scaled according to Guttman scale criteria among 300 members of the public, students, and nurses in Johannesburg, South Africa, replicating the central features of earlier studies conducted in the United States. The study presents an initial attempt to establish norms of sex attitudes and behavior in South Africa. The scales are shown to provide reliable tools for sex research and clinical practice.