IgE高亲和力受体β链基因多态性与湖北汉族人变应性哮喘易感性的研究

目的探讨IgE高亲和力受体β链( high-affinity IgE receptor β gene, Fc ε RI β)基因启动子-109位C/T和编码区Glu237Gly基因多态性与湖北汉族人变应性哮喘易感性及血浆总IgE的关系. 方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术检测 Fc ε RI β基因启动子区-109位和编码区Glu237Gly两位点多态性,采用病例-对照法研究了216例变应性哮喘患者和198名对照. 结果 (1)湖北汉族人变应性哮喘患者 Fc ε RI β基因启动子区-109位T/T、T/C和C/C基因型频率是0.403、0.491和0.106;与对照相比差异无显著性(χ2=0.384,P＞0.05),但变应性哮喘组T/T基因型患者血浆总IgE对数值(2.539±0.8325)与T/C基因型的对数值(2.278±1.089)和C/C基因型的对数值(2.323±0.7852)相比差异具有显著性.(2)变应性哮喘患者 Fc ε RI β基因Glu237Gly位点Glu/Glu、Glu/Gly和Gly/Gly基因型频率为0.579、0.370和0.051,与正常对照相比差异具有显著性(χ2=13.62,P＜0.01),变应性哮喘患者Gly/Gly基因型血浆总IgE对数值为(2.622±0.9374),与Glu/Glu和Glu/Gly相比差异具有显著性. 结论 Fc ε RI β基因启动子区-109位T/T基因型与血浆总IgE高度相关,编码区237位Gly/Gly基因型与中国湖北汉族人变应性哮喘及血浆高IgE相关.     

肝硬化患者外周血单个核细胞TLR4表达及其基因多态性的研究

目的：检测肝硬化及其不同Child分级患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)Toll样受体4（TLR4）表达，分析TLR4基因Asp299Gly、Thr399Ile的多态性及其与肝硬化疾病发生的相关性。方法:分离110例汉族乙肝后肝硬化患者与健康对照者静脉抗凝血的PBMCs，流式细胞、实时荧光定量PCR及PCR-限制性片段长度多态性分别检测PBMCs TLR4蛋白、 mRNA及Asp299Gly、Thr399Ile基因多态性，分析TLR4基因多态性与肝硬化发生的相关性。结果:肝硬化组PBMCs TLR4阳性细胞率与mRNA表达正相关，均显著高于对照组(P<0.01)，且随着Child评分的升高而升高(P<0.01)；但220例受试对象均未检测到TLR4基因Asp299Gly、Thr399Ile的突变型。结论:乙肝后肝硬化患者PBMCs TLR4表达水平明显增高，与肝硬化损伤的严重程度相关；TLR4基因Asp299Gly、Thr399Ile多态性在中国汉族人群中出现频率低，且与肝硬化疾病的易感性可能无关。     

IgE高亲和力受体β链基因与中国湖北成人变应性哮喘的关系

目的:探讨IgE高亲和力受体β链基因(FcεRⅠβ)启动子-109位和编码区Glu237Gly基因多态性与湖北成人变应性哮喘及血浆总IgE的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术检测FcεRⅠβ基因启动子区-109位和编码区Glu237Gly两位点多态性,采用病例-对照法共研究106例成人变应性哮喘患者和106例相匹配的对照者。结果:①成人变应性哮喘患者FcεRⅠβ基因启动子区-109位T/T、T/C和C/C基因型频率是0.415、0.491和0.094;与对照相比差异无显著(χ²=0.5575,P＞0.05),但成人变应性哮喘组T/T基因型患者血浆总IgE对数值为2.6490±0.9241与T/C基因型的2.2960±1.1040和C/C基因型的2.3130±0.8052相比差异显著。②FcεRⅠβGlu237Gly位点Glu/Glu、Glu/Gly和Gly/Gly基因型频率为0.566、0.377和0.057,与正常对照相比差异显著(χ²=7.31,P＜0.05),Gly/Gly基因型血浆总IgE对数值为2.7220±0.9374,与Glu/Glu和Glu/Gly相比差异显著。结论:IgE高亲和力受体β链启动区-109位T/T基因型与血浆总IgE高度相关,编码区237位Gly/Gly基因型与湖北汉族成人变应性哮喘及血浆高IgE相关。     

Toll样受体4多态性与强直性脊柱炎易感性的荟萃分析

目的 用荟萃分析方法评价toll样受体(TLR)4基因多态性与强直性脊柱炎的关系. 方法 检索在2007年2月前在PubMed及中国期刊全文数据库发表的中英文献.用RevMan 4.2对纳入文献进行荟萃分析,评价合并效应量、功效、异质性及发表偏倚. 结果 共纳入4篇有关Asp299Gly多态位点和3篇Thr399Ile多态位点的病例对照研究.未发现异质性及发表偏倚,合并后功效在80%左右.Asp299Gly位点合并效应量OR=0.94(95%CI:0.66～1.35),Thr399Ile位点合并效应量OR=1.08(95%CI:0.70～1.65). 结论 TLR4基因不是强直性脊柱炎的主要易感基因.     

IL-4和IL-4受体基因多态性与成人变应性哮喘的关系

目的　研究白细胞介素 4 (IL 4 )、IL 4受体α链的 2个基因多态性位点与中国成人变应性哮喘的关系。方法　采用病例对照方法 ,用聚合酶链反应 限制性片段长度多态性方法 (PCR RFLP)对IL 4启动子区C - 5 89T和IL 4Rα链Q5 76R进行基因分型。结果　IL 4C - 5 89T与中国成人变应性哮喘无关 ,然而 ,变应性哮喘组IL 4Rα链 5 76R R频率显著性高于对照组 (χ2 =9.36 9,P <0 .0 1;OR =3.797) ,且与血浆高IgE相关。结论　IL 4Rα链 5 76R R基因型是中国成人变应性哮喘的基因危险因子     

CD14、TLR4 基因多态性与百色地区原住壮族人群脊柱结核易感关联性 研究

目的:研究脂多糖受体(CD14)和Toll样受体4(TLR4)基因多态性在壮族人群的分布特征及其与脊柱结核易感性的关系。方法:2011年1月至2017年12月期间右江民族学院附属医院就诊的百色地区原住壮族人群脊柱结核患者60例、肺结核患者60例和健康对照组60例三组人群,用A测序法测定三组人群的TLR4基因序列和CD14基因序列,比较三组人群CD14、TLR4基因多态位点的基因型频率和等位基因频率。结果:TLR4基因Asp299Gly和Thr399 Ile位点在壮族人群脊柱结核患者和肺结核患者均未发现呈多态性分布。壮族人群均发现CD14/-159呈多态性,以TT基因型为主,CD14基因C-159T和G-1145A等位基因频率按Hard-Weiber平衡吻合度检验,脊柱结核组、肺结核组和健康对照组三组含有T等位基因携带者的基因型频率和等位基因频率分布两两比较有统计学显著性差异(χ~2=8.462,P=0.004;χ~2=5.432,P=0.025;χ~2=7.321,P=0.021)。结论:百色地区壮族脊柱结核患者和肺结核患者未发现TLR4基因Asp299Gly和Thr399Ile多态性;百色地区壮族人群脊柱结核患者和肺结核患者存在CD14/-159多态性,以TT为主,CD14基因-159TT和-1145AA基因型可能为百色地区原住壮族人群脊柱结核病的易感高风险因子。     

TLR4受体基因多态性与子宫内膜异位症相关性探讨

目的 研究TLR4受体基因多态性与子宫内膜异位症的相关性.方法 选取2013年1月至2016年1月我院妇科收治的220例手术患者为研究对象,其中120例EM患者为病例组,按照美国生育学会EM分期标准(r-AFS)分期,Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者为67例,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者为53例,100例同期手术妇女为对照组.对患者血液中DNA进行采集,分析TLR4受体基因多态性与子宫内膜异位症的相关性.结果 在对两组患者基因型研究结果显示,纯合子Asp299Gly基因型在病例组的检出结果110(0.92)高于在对照组患者中的检出结果23(0.23)P<0.05,差异具有显著统计学意义,纯合子Thr/Ile在病例组检出结果111(0.92)高于在对照组检出结果20(0.20),P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义.在对不同分期EM患者基因型研究结果显示,纯合子Asp299Gly基因型和Thr/Ile基因型在III~IV期的检出结果0.92高于在I~II期患者中的检出结果0.88,P<0.0,提示差异具有显著统计学意义.结论 TLR4基因多态性与子宫内膜异位症存在相关性,可以作为子宫内膜异位症诊断的辅助手段.     

小肠脂肪酸结合蛋白基因与2型糖尿病相关性研究

目的　探讨中国人群中小肠脂肪酸结合蛋白 (FABP2 )基因 Ala5 4 Thr多态性与 2型糖尿病的相关性。方法　采用聚合酶链反应 -寡核苷酸连接测定方法对北京地区 10 2对病例 -对照配偶对进行FABP2基因 Ala5 4 Thr多态性基因型检测。结果　对照组中携带 Thr/ Thr纯合子基因型组血清脂蛋白 a(L pa)水平高于 Ala/ Ala纯合子组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;Thr5 4 Thr纯合子基因型组患 2型糖尿病的危险性较Ala5 4 Ala纯合子组高 ,但差异无显著性 (Thr/ Thr vs Ala/ Ala,调整 OR=2 .94 ;95 % CI:0 .93～ 9.32 ,P=0 .0 6 7)。结论　在中国汉族人群中 ,FABP2基因 Ala5 4 Thr多态性与血清 L pa水平相关 ,但不是 2型糖尿病的主要致病基因     

湖北汉族变应性哮喘患者GPR154基因单倍型分析

目的探讨G蛋白偶联受体154(Gprotein-coupled receptor154,GPR154)基因多态性与湖北汉族变应性哮喘易感性间的关系。方法用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性对145例变应性哮喘患者和120名健康人群GPR154基因的SNP563704和SNP522363位点的多态性进行分析。结果(1)变应性哮喘患者SNP563704 CC、CT和TT基因型频率是0.324、0.524和0.152;与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(χ2=1·880,P>0.05);变应性哮喘组不同基因型间血清总IgE水平差异无统计学意义(F=0.714,P>0.05)。(2)变应性哮喘患者SNP522363CC、CG和GG基因型频率是0.289、0.521和0.190;与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.700,P>0.05);变应性哮喘组不同基因型间血清总IgE水平差异无统计学意义(F=0·083,P>0.05)。(3)对SNP522363和SNP563704进行单倍型分析,4种频率大于0.03的单倍型在哮喘组和对照组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=16.50,P<0.01)。哮喘组CT和GT单倍型频率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.015;P=0.002)。结论湖北汉族变应性哮喘易感性与单个的单核甘酸多态性无关,但与SNP522363和SNP563704组成的单倍型显著相关。     

哮喘患者IL-13基因多态性与IL-13、TIgE水平相关性研究

目的:探讨白细胞介素13(IL-13)基因内含子区+1923C/T多态性与哮喘患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)产IL-13、血浆总IgE(TIgE)水平及其相关性。方法:用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段长度多态性(PCR/RFLP)方法检测哮喘组与对照组+1923C/T位点多态性。IL-13、血浆总IgE采用ELISA法。结果:+1923位点等位基因C、T频率在两组间分布的差异具有显著性(X2=9.30,P<0.01);等位基因T与哮喘关联,OR(T/C)=1.87,95%CI=1.25-2.80,P<0.01。两组基因型(TT、CT、CC)频率的分布差异亦有显著意义(X2=9.92,P<0.01)。其优势比:OR(TT/CC)=3.76,95%CI=1.52-9.29,P<0.01;OR(CT/CC)=2.10,95%CI=1.11-3.95,P<0.05;OR(TT/CT)=1.79,95%CI=0.77-4.19,P>0.05。哮喘组中TT、TC基因型人群PBMC产IL-13及TIgE水平与同组及对照组CC基因相比较差异均有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:IL-13基因+1923位点多态性是影响哮喘的重要候选基因,T等位基因与哮喘关联。     

Photoperiodicity and the function of the hypophysis and the adrenal cortex

Summary The ACTH content of the hypophysis of rats rises from a minimum in the morning to a maximum in the evening hours. These fluctuations are associated with the diurnal rhythm of light and darkness, and are abolished under conditions of continual light or darkness for 30 days. Rhythmic fluctuations of the ascorbic acid content of the adrenals are also found, with maximum values in the evening, and these are likewise abolished by maintenance under conditions of constant illumination.Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin     

Anatomic considerations and the relationship between the piriformis muscle and the sciatic nerve

Stating background  The piriformis syndrome is one of the non-discogenics causes of sciatica. It results from the compression of the sciatic nerve (SN) by the piriformis muscle (PM) in the neutral and piriformis stretch test position. The evidence of the increase in pain in the test position requires a detailed anatomical study addressing the changes that occurred in the SN and PM anatomy during the test position. The aim of this study is to examine this relationship morphometrically. Materials and methods  A total of 20 right and left lower limbs of ten adult cadavers were examined. The SN and the PM were made visible. The location of the SN was evaluated with respect to the consistent bony landmarks, including the greater and the lesser trochanter of the femur, the ischial tuberosity, the ischial spine of the hip bone, the posterior inferior iliac spine of the hip bone and the posterior superior iliac spine of the hip bone. The study was done in both neutral and test positions (i.e., 30° adduction 60° flexion and approximately 10° medial rotation position of the hip joint). Results  The width of the greater sciatic notch was 63.09 ± 13.59 mm. The length of the lower edge of the PM was 95.49 ± 6.21 mm, and whereas the diameter of the SN where it emerged from the infrapiriforme was 17.00 ± 3.70 mm, the diameter decreased to 11.03 ± 2.52 mm at the level of the lesser trochanter of the femur. The SN intersected the PM most commonly in its medial second quarter anatomically. The vertical distance between the medial edge of the SN–PM intersection point and the ischial tuberosity was 85.62 ± 17.23 and 72.28 ± 7.56 mm (P < 0.05); the angle between the SN and the transverse plane was 66.36° ± 6.68° and 71.90 ± 8.48° (P < 0.05); and the vertical distance between the medial edge of the SN and the apex of the ischial spine of the hip bone was 17.33 ± 4.89 and 15.84 ± 4.63 mm (P > 0.05), before and after the test position, respectively. Conclusion  This study provides helpful information regarding the course and the location of the SN. The presented morphometric data also revealed that after stretch test position, the infrapiriforme foramen becomes narrower; the SN becomes closer to the ischial spine of the hip bone, and the angle between the SN and the transverse plane increases. This study confirmed that the SN is prone to be trapped in the test position, and diagnosis of this situation requires dynamic MR and MR neurography study.     

空肠和回肠直动脉及器官表面动脉的观测

目的　通过对空、回肠直动脉分支类型的观察、测量不同类型直动脉管径、间距以及器官表面动脉吻合网面密度 ,探讨空、回肠血供形态的异同 ,为临床空、回肠疾病手术、器官移植、介入治疗提供形态学依据。方法　选取 15具成人及 2～ 6岁小儿 10具进行股动脉插管、乳胶灌注后解剖剥离直动脉 ,将空回肠均分 5段观测相关指标。结果　成人空肠 (1、2段 )及回肠 (3～ 5段 )直动脉起始处外管径 (mm)分别为 0 6 8± 0 18、0 72± 0 0 1、0 6 1± 0 0 2、0 5 3± 0 0 3和 0 5 1± 0 0 1,相邻分支间距 (mm)分别为 2 89± 1 72、2 79± 2 0 6、2 2 1± 1 6 4、2 17± 1 17及 2 85± 0 4 6 ;空、回肠直动脉长、短干型分支供血能力不同 ;空肠器官表面动脉吻合网面密度大于回肠。结论　直动脉分支类型、管径、间距及器官表面动脉吻合网面密度对空、回肠血供影响较大。     

指背腱膜滑动与近侧指间关节屈曲关系及临床意义

目的:探讨指背腱膜滑动距离与近侧指间关节(PIP)屈曲关系,为临床修复提供解剖学基础。方法:男性成人新鲜尸体标本10侧30指(示、中、环指各10指),切除手指皮肤,不破坏腱鞘、屈肌支持带、伸肌支持带、内在肌及外在肌,使肌腱保持正常的生理状态,分别测量各指中央束(CS)、侧束(LB)在PIP屈曲45°和90°时的滑动距离。结果:当PIP屈曲45°时,CS滑动距离为(2.7±0.4)mm,LB滑动距离为(2.8±0.6)mm;当PIP屈曲90°时,CS滑动距离为(4.3±0.7)mm,LB滑动距离为(4.8±0.6)mm。结论:指背腱膜滑动距离减少,严重影响手指的屈曲功能。对于指背腱膜的新鲜性损伤应予以精确修复;对于陈旧性损伤的修复应确保指背腱膜的正常滑动范围。     

岛叶与锥体束空间关系的影像学和解剖学研究

目的研究岛叶与锥体束的空间位置关系,为岛叶病变手术中保护锥体束和减少术后运动功能障碍提供指导。方法2013年3—10月,选取10例健康志愿者采用MR弥散张量纤维束成像( DTT)重建锥体束影像,选取6例成人颅脑标本运用Klingler白质纤维解剖技术解剖岛叶区域显露内囊和放射冠,在标本上进行断层解剖观察并测量岛叶标志点与内囊和放射冠的间距,结合MRI与解剖观察结果,对岛叶与锥体束的空间位置关系进行前瞻性研究。结果岛叶标志点在颅脑标本和MRI中均容易辨认。 DTT重建影像显示锥体束经过了岛叶后上部的深部。在解剖标本利用上中央岛点( UCIP)和后下岛点( PIIP)间连线将岛叶划分成前下部和后上部两个区域。岛叶后上部皮层与锥体束之间为最外囊、屏状核和外囊,而无壳核和苍白球。 UCIP和后上岛点( PSIP)距其深部的放射冠分别为(5.0依0.3)mm和(4.7依0.3)mm,PIIP距其深部的内囊后肢(5.7依0.5)mm。结论利用UCIP和PIIP连线所划分出的岛叶后上部因毗邻锥体束是手术危险区域。岛叶危险区域的划分有助于术前评估手术风险和预后,术中保护锥体束,降低术后运动功能障碍的发生率。     

Cutaneous calciphylactic reactions in the mouse and the rat and the effects of diphosphonates on the reaction in the rat

Calciphylaxis is a local tissue calcific reaction at the site of an injection of challenger substance given a critical time period after the oral administration of a sensitizer substance such as dihydrotachysterol (DHT), vitamin D or parathormone. Cutaneous calciphylaxis is readily induced in the rat but not in the mouse and this may be because, in the latter, the challenger substance is absorbed rapidly by macrophages. In the rat the administration of 500 micrograms/0.1 ml of DHT followed after 24 h by the subcutaneous (SC) injection of ferric chloride (FeCl3) (30 micrograms/0.1 ml) is followed rapidly by calcification of the SC site. There is an early transient acute inflammatory reaction with the incrustation of collagen fibres by the iron salt and an apparent exudation of calcium and phosphate ions from the bloodstream. These ions also become associated with collagen fibres. Two days after injection macrophages and multinucleated giant cells become the dominant cells. Calciphylaxis is a useful experimental model of ectopic calcification and is associated with an initial hypercalcaemia. The diphosphonates ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate (EHDP) and dichloromethylene diphosphonate (Cl2MDP) are effective inhibitors of the calciphylactic reaction when administered prior to the initiation of the experimental procedure.     

Organization and distribution of the upper and lower esophageal motoneurons in the medulla and the spinal cord of the rat

The upper cervical esophagus is exerted on swallowing and peristalsis by somatic and visceral motoneurons, whereas the lower esophagus is exerted on only peristalsis by visceral motoneurons. We examined the origin of the esophageal motoneurons and whether there were any differences between the distributions of the upper and the lower esophageal motoneurons in the medulla and the spinal cord using cholera toxin subunit b (CTb) as the retrograde tracer. Following injection of CTb into the cervical esophagus resulted in heavy labeling of the neurons in the nucleus ambiguus including the compact (AmC), semicompact (AmS) and loose (AmL) formations, and the medial column of lamina IX at the C1-C5 levels of the cervical spinal cord corresponding to the spinal accessory nucleus. A few labeled neurons were found in the inferior salivatory nucleus, the rostral division of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMX), the accessory facial nucleus and the lateral column of lamina IX at the C2 and C3 levels. All these labeled neurons showed ChAT immunoreactivity. When CTb was injected into the cut end of the unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve, many labeled neurons were found in the ipsilateral AmC, the AmL, and the bilateral medial column at the C1 and C2 levels. Following injection of CTb into the subdiaphragmatic esophagus resulted in heavy labeling of the neurons only in the AmC and the DMX. When CTb was injected into the sternomastoid muscle, many labeled neurons were found in the medullary reticular formation, the facial nucleus, the medial column at the C1-C3, C5 and C6 levels, and the lateral column at the C2, C3, C5 and C6 levels. Injections of a Fluoro-Gold into the cervical esophagus and a CTb into the sternomastoid muscle or the subdiaphragmatic esophagus in the same animal showed many double labeled neurons in the medial column of the accessory nucleus at the C1 and C2 levels, but no double labeled neurons in the AmC. These results indicated that the upper cervical esophagus is innervated by the visceral medullary vagal motoneurons as well as the somatic spinal accessory motoneurons. The lower esophagus is innervated only by the visceral medullary vagal motoneurons.