褥疮局部治疗进展

对褥疮局部治疗的方法进行了综述。主要介绍了褥疮的物理治疗、中药治疗、西药治疗、综合治疗。     

Use of optical imaging to progress novel therapeutics to the clinic

There is an undisputed need for employment and improvement of robust technology for real-time analyses of therapeutic delivery and responses in clinical translation of gene and cell therapies. Over the past decade, optical imaging has become the in vivo imaging modality of choice for many preclinical laboratories due to its efficiency, practicality and affordability, while more recently, the clinical potential for this technology is becoming apparent. This review provides an update on the current state of the art in in vivo optical imaging and discusses this rapidly improving technology in the context of it representing a translation enabler or indeed a future clinical imaging modality in its own right.     

序贯疗法、四联疗法及标准三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌的疗效对比分析

目的对比序贯疗法、四联疗法及标准三联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌(Hp)的疗效。方法选取本院门诊Hp阳性病例105例,随机分为3组,A组采用序贯疗法;B组采用四联疗法;C组采用标准三联疗法。停药4周后复查胃镜、快速尿素酶试验及14C呼气试验,观察慢性胃炎改善、溃疡愈合及Hp根除情况。结果四联疗法与序贯疗法,对Hp阳性的慢性胃炎及消化性溃疡患者的Hp根除率、慢性胃炎改善及溃疡愈合,以及Hp感染复发率方面均显示出良好的疗效,而标准三联疗法显著劣于其他2种方案。3种方案的不良反应发率均较低,且程度轻。结论含泌剂四联疗法与序贯疗法在根除Hp、改善慢性胃炎、促进溃疡愈合以及降低复发率的疗效优于标准三联疗法,且不增加不良反应发生率及程度,可作为Hp感染初治患者的首选方案。     

心血管系统常用药物对新型冠状病毒肺炎感染风险及不良预后的影响

心血管疾病是新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)最为常见的合并症,在新冠肺炎大流行期间降压、降脂、抗血小板、抗凝、降糖及抗心律失常等心血管系统常用药物的安全性和有效性尚未形成统一明确的认识, 相关指南也有待进一步完善。随着全球新冠肺炎病例数量的增加和第二波感染的发生,更好地了解这些药物对新冠肺炎患者的影响是当务之急。本文旨在总结心血管系统常用药物对新冠肺炎感染风险以及不良预后的关联,并对合并心血管疾病的新冠肺炎患者用药提出建议。     

Bobath等疗法对脑瘫患儿的疗效研究

为了研究Bobath等疗法对脑性瘫痪（cerebralpalsy，CP）患儿的疗效，我们对接受上述治疗的95例4个月～5岁CP患儿治疗前、后及随访中的运动功能改变进行量化评价，并以同期年龄相对应的620例作对照。结果表明：CP患儿治疗前的运动功能严重落后，其总分平均为1．28±0．34分／月，治疗后其运动功能显著改善，总分平均为8分／月左右，较治疗前增加5～6倍，较正常儿童的运动发育率亦增加1倍左右，表明PT对CP治疗确实有效，其疗效与开始治疗年龄和病情程度有关。     

针刺治疗小儿痉挛型脑瘫

探讨针刺疗法对小儿痉挛型脑瘫运动功能恢复的影响。２１６例９个月～３岁痉挛型脑瘫患儿随机分为对照组９４例和治疗组１２２例,均接受功能训练。治疗组再予针刺治疗。２组于治疗前后进行Ｇｅｓｅｌｌ发育商评定。结果：治疗组总的发育商及动作 育商在治疗后显著提高（Ｐ〈０．００１）,与对照组比较,差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．００１）。提示：针刺结合功能训练能有效的提高痉挛型脑瘫患儿的治疗效果。     

Pharmacologic therapy for nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

There are many clinical outcome measures for evaluation of the effectiveness of a pharmacologic agent in the management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). As a preemptive treatment, it should reduce the need for emergency endoscopy and endoscopic intervention, facilitate the efficient identification of the bleeding source and, hence, shorten procedure time and reduce the risk of procedure-related complications. As an effective adjunctive therapy after endoscopic hemostasis, it should reduce the incidence of recurrent bleeding and the need to repeat endoscopic hemostasis. This article provides an overview of different pharmacologic agents that have been used in the management of UGIB.     

Atrial Flutter—Update on the Mechanism and Treatment

Atrial flutter is a common and usually benign but symptomatic supraventricular tachycardia. There is a striking similarity between patients with atrial flutter suggesting a common substrate despite the presence or absence of underlying heart disease. In man, the mechanism is a single reentrant circuit originating in the right atrium whose center appears to be functional within the anatomical constraints of the right atrium. The reentrant circuit of atrial flutter contains an area of slow conduction in the inferior right atrium but the size and exact location is uncertain. Drug therapy directed at terminating and preventing atrial flutter has been available for many years. The efficacy and safety of this therapy is not as well tested as is the same therapy for atrial fibrillation. The most effective way to terminate atrial flutter is a nonpharmacological approach. Several nonpharmacological methods provide new treatment options in the management of patients with drug resistant or hemodynamically unstable atrial flutter. The use of anticoagulation for this disorder is still evolving. There is a risk of clinically apparent thromboemboli in some patients with atrial flutter although the risk appears less than that for atrial fibrillation. In the future, refinements and improvements in therapy for atrial flutter will likely be derived from a better understanding of its mechanism.     

USE AND ABUSE OF NON-VOCAL COMMUNICATION AIDS

Non-vocal communication aids are increasingly popular for use with speechless patients. Unfortunately not all such patients can learn to use them. This paper reviews the types of non-vocal communication aids, describes selected criteria for deciding to provide a patient with an aid, and outlines the therapeutic uses of such aids.     

负压伤口疗法的研究进展

综述了负压伤口疗法的发展、原理和临床应用概况及其未来展望。     

中医中药治疗不孕症临床体会

目的比较中医中药治疗不孕症的临床疗效并总结治疗体会。方法按照中医辨证和辨病理论对我院2005年1月至2009年7月的86例门诊不孕症患者进行温肾益精、舒肝解郁、燥湿化痰、活血祛瘀为主治疗。结果 86例患者,治愈70例,好转8例,有效率90.70%。不同中医分型的临床疗效差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 中医辩证治疗不孕症具良好的临床疗效,具有一定的推广意义。     

我国康复治疗学本科专业言语治疗学课程教学的探讨与实践

在国内主要院校的康复治疗学本科专业教学中,言语治疗学作为考查课程设置。但言语治疗学教学实践与其他主要课程相比,具有独特性。本文通过回顾和总结目前国内康复治疗学本科教学中言语治疗学的课程特点和教学重点分配,分析其教学内容以及特点,并对学科内容安排、教学实践进行探讨和归纳。     

暗示及心理支持对神症心理康复的作用

Neurosesisagroupoffunctionalpsychoblabia．Theonsetisconcernedwithindividualcharacter，socialandfamilyfactors．Buttherealcauseisnotclear．Thepsychotherpayeffectofneurosisisaffir－mative犤１犦．Psychosupporttherapyofneurosesarereportednowandthen，anditseffectisaffirmativeeither犤２犦．Westudiedthetreatmentofneuroseswitheasilymasteredsuggestionandpsychosupporttherapy，sothatclinicianscouldfullymasterthem．Psychotherapycouldbeusedextensivelyinclinicandagoodenvironmentcouldbepreparedforneurosespat…     

A sadly neglected cognitive element in depression

The models of depression hypothesized by leading cognitive-behavioral theorists—especially those of Beck, Lewinsohn, Rehm, and Seligman—are analyzed and it is shown that they probably explain how people make themselves appropriately sad, regretful, disappointed, and annoyed when they suffer major losses and inconveniences. These models, however, do not explain why many people with similar losses and inconveniences also make themselves inappropriately depressed and self-hating. It is hypothesized that the rational-emotive therapy (RET) model of depression has a crucial cognitive and philosophic element—the inclusion of absolutistic, dogmatic shoulds, oughts, and musts—that differentiates people's appropriate feelings of sadness from their inappropriate feelings of depression, and that therefore appreciably adds to our understanding of the causative factors in depression. This neglected theory of depression is examined and discussed.     

高血压病的运动疗法

运动疗法是高血压病非药物疗法中主要方法之一。本文介绍了高血压病运动疗法的的机理、适应证、禁忌证以及具体运动形式和方法。     

Access and perceived need for physical and occupational therapy in chronic arthritis

Purpose.?Physical and occupational therapy are beneficial for persons with chronic arthritis; however, access is problematic. The goal was to examine issues related to access to these services for patients with chronic arthritis.

Methods.?We used two data sources: 1) questionnaires sent to a random sample of 600 family physicians and to all 85 rheumatologists in the province of Quebec; and 2) interviews of 211 patients with physician-confirmed chronic arthritis recruited from 34 primary care settings in Quebec.

Results.?Only 11.5% of family physicians and 31.7% of rheumatologists referred patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to rehabilitation, whereas 60.4% of family doctors referred patients with osteoarthritis. Only 26.1% of patients felt that they required rehabilitation and this was associated with lower self-efficacy (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.99) and higher educational level (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.01, 4.36).

Conclusion.?Family physicians are less likely to refer patients with RA to therapy. Only about a quarter of patients with chronic arthritis treated in primary care perceived the need for these services. Efforts to improve arthritis care should address education of physicians and patients regarding the benefits of rehabilitation and there should be efforts to increase therapy resources in order to enhance access.     

Methodological issues in investigations of massage/ bodywork therapy: Part IV: Experimental research designs

In the last part of this four part series, the application of design principles for experimental research is considered and put in the context of how they apply to research in massage and bodywork therapy (MBT). At the end, key elements from all four parts of the series are summarized so that the reader has a snapshot picture of several of the unique aspects of research in MBT. Finally, a step-by-step blue print is included at the end for the inspired MBT researcher who is ready to begin (See Table 3.)     

暗示及心理支持在神经症治疗及心理康复中的作用

目的探讨暗示疗法和心理支持在神经症治疗和心理康复中的作用。方法对96例住院患者进行对照治疗观察，治疗前后分别行精神卫生症状自评量表（SCL－90）检测，并进行组间比较。结果研究组治愈率（94％）高于对照组(73.9％)。对两组的治愈率和SCL－90评定结果进行分析和比较，均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论暗示疗法和心理支持对神经症患者的治疗和康复具有重要的作用，可明显改善患者家庭和社会适应能力，提高治疗效果。     

病毒介导的免疫治疗癌症进展

病毒主要作为基因转染载体在免疫治疗中发挥重要作用，本文详细地介绍了病毒载体类型和病毒介导的对肿瘤细胞、宿主细胞的调节、病毒疫苗等免疫治疗癌症的研究进展，可为癌症免疫治疗的基础和临床研究提供参考。