显微根尖手术联合MTA治疗难治性慢性根尖周炎的研究

目的:研究在显微根尖手术治疗难治性慢性根尖周炎时应用MTA的可行性、特点、成功率及相关影响因素。方法:分析2013年1月~2015年12月间本院牙体牙髓科完成的显微根尖外科手术106例计146颗难治性慢性根尖周炎患牙的临床资料,其中上颌前牙75例、下颌前牙13例、上颌前磨牙6例、下颌前磨牙4例、上颌磨牙4例、下颌磨牙4例。手术包括根尖切除、根尖倒预备、根尖倒充填主要步骤,术后1年回访,通过临床症状和放射学检查评估疗效,并对预后影响因素进行卡方检验分析。结果:显微根尖外科手术联合MTA应用的1年成功率达95.9％(140/146),根据患者性别、年龄、牙位、根尖病灶范围分别统计手术疗效,组间差异均无统计学意义。失败5例6颗患牙,主要原因为根折及合并重度牙周炎。结论:在治疗难治性慢性根尖周炎时采用显微根尖手术联合MTA应用可取得满意效果;显微根尖手术是治疗慢性根尖周炎的有效手段。     

生物陶瓷材料iRoot BP Plus在显微根尖手术中应用的疗效分析

目的 评价生物陶瓷材料iRoot BP Plus作为根管倒充填材料在根尖手术中的临床疗效.方法 选择临床符合纳入标准的慢性根尖周炎患牙,进行显微根尖手术治疗,对患牙进行根尖切除、超声器械根尖倒预备和iRoot BP Plus根管倒充填.术后1年复查,通过临床检查和X线片评定结果,分析临床疗效.结果 2013年2月至2014年2月期间完成显微根尖外科手术59例,共80颗患牙.术后1年有效回访53例,72颗患牙,术后1年治疗成功率达94.4％(68/72).患者性别、年龄、牙位、根尖周病变范围大小、根尖周病变类型、有无窦道等因素对疗效的影响均无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论 iRoot BP Plus作为根尖手术倒充填材料,有良好的临床效果.     

硅酸钙基生物材料用于根尖倒充填的临床研究——基于PSM分析的回顾性研究

目的 用倾向性分析的统计学方法比较和评价硅酸钙基生物陶瓷材料iRoot BP Plus或MTA作为根尖倒充填材料的临床疗效,并确定影响显微根尖手术成功率的预后因素。方法 检索2016—2018年在本院行显微根尖手术的病例。对使用iRoot BP Plus或MTA作为根管倒充填材料进行手术患者的年龄、性别、病变牙位、根管治疗类型、是否合并牙周病变5个变量采用最近邻匹配法进行1∶1倾向性评分匹配,分析其临床效果。采用多因素二元Logistic回归分析评价显微根尖手术的影响因素,并绘制森林图。结果 纳入患牙共179颗。所有协变量的绝对标准化差值均<0.1。iRoot BP Plus组和MTA组显微根尖外科手术的1年成功率分别为91.2%和89.7%(P=0.771)。PSM后多因素二元Logistic回归分析结果发现年龄、病变牙位、是否合并牙周病变对显微根尖手术预后具有显著影响。结论 MTA或者iRoot BP Plus作为根尖切除后的倒充填材料均可取得良好的临床效果。年龄、病变牙位、是否合并牙周病变是影响显微根尖手术临床疗效的显著因素。     

MTA应用于显微根尖手术治疗慢性根尖周炎的效果观察

目的 观察三氧化矿物凝聚体(mineral trioxide aggregate,MTA)应用于显微根尖手术治疗慢性根尖周炎的效果.方法 无法行常规根管再治疗的慢性根尖周炎患者64例91颗患牙,随机分为观察组和对照组.观察组患者32例48颗,行显微根尖手术,应用MTA进行倒充填治疗.对照组患者32例43颗,行传统外科根尖手术联合银汞合金充填治疗.术后每隔3个月定期复诊,随访12个月,通过临床和X线检查评估根尖周病损愈合情况,进行疗效判定.结果 观察组痊愈27颗,改善17颗,成功率91.67%(44/48);对照组痊愈19颗,改善12颗,成功率72.09%(31/43).观察组治疗成功率明显高于对照组(x2=5.997,P=0.014).结论 MTA应用于显微根尖手术治疗慢性根尖周炎效果满意.     

54例持续性根尖周炎的显微根尖外科手术1年疗效观察

目的评价显微根尖手术治疗54例持续性根尖周炎病例的短期临床疗效。方法对54例持续性根尖周炎病例进行显微根尖手术,包括翻瓣、去骨、根尖周刮治、根尖切除,使用超声器械倒预备,三氧化矿物凝聚体（MTA）作为倒充填材料,术后定期复查,通过临床和X线片检查和测量,评价术后疗效。结果54例持续性根尖周炎病例术后1年随访,治愈者31例（57.41％）,改善者19例（35.19％）,失败者4例（7.41%）。根据患者性别、年龄、牙位分布、根尖周暗影的最大直径和根尖周病变组织病理分类分别统计显微根尖手术的疗效,组间差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论显微根尖手术明显提高持续性根尖周病变的治疗成功率。     

三氧化矿物凝聚体在显微根尖术治疗难治性慢性根尖周炎中的应用研究

目的 探究显微根尖手术（Dental operating microscope,DOM）治疗难治性慢性根尖周炎时应用三氧化矿物凝聚体的可行性。方法 选择2016年2月~2017年2月在扬州友好医院口腔科就诊的难治性慢性根尖周炎89例（89颗患牙,每人1颗患牙）患者,行DOM同时应用三氧化矿物凝聚体（Mineral Trioxide Aggregate,MTA）作为倒填充材料,术后3个月、半年、一年定期随访复查,以临床检查和影像学检查评价患者根尖周病损的愈合情况,其中临床检查以患者主诉疼痛和视诊、扪诊及咬诊对患牙进行判断,并根据影像学及临床检查分为治愈、改善和失败3个等级,评价临床治疗效果,同时分析性别、年龄、患牙牙位分布对治疗效果的影响。结果 1年后随访复查结果显示治疗成功率达95.51%,性别、年龄及患牙牙位分布均未对DOM治疗效果产生明显影响,4例治疗失败患者中1例磨牙因根折被拔除,2例前牙因根折或重度牙周炎症造成术后再次出现瘘管,1例因牙周袋较深被拔除。结论 DOM治疗难治性慢性根炎周炎时应用MTA封闭技术是一种较为可靠有效的方法,值得在临床推广使用。     

17例牙根发育完成的自体恒牙移植的回顾性分析

目的:对牙根发育完成的17例自体牙移植病例进行回顾性分析,评估其5年存留率和成功率。方法:纳入近5年行自体牙移植治疗且随访12个月以上的病例17例,术后1个月、3个月、6个月、1年,以后间隔1年复查,行临床及影像学检查。分别从性别、年龄、供牙区颌位及受植区有无根尖炎症评估其预后影响因素,采用Kaplan-Meier法进行生存分析并绘制生存曲线,单因素比较使用Log-Rank分析法进行统计分析。结果:共有移植牙17颗,男性7例,女性10例,年龄20-56岁,平均年龄(33.9±13.1)岁,平均观察时间为(29.0±14.3)个月,5年累积成功率为69.9%,总存留率为94.12%。性别、年龄、供牙区颌位以及受植区根尖炎症因素对牙根发育完成的自体牙移植预后均无显著影响(P>0.05)。结论:自体牙移植术的临床疗效较佳,术前合理评估,术中规避风险因素,可以提高移植的成功率。     

根尖切除长度和冠根比对显微根尖手术治疗根尖囊肿效果的影响研究

目的 研究根尖切除长度和冠根比对显微根尖手术治疗根尖囊肿效果的影响,为临床治疗提供指导意见。方法 选择2018年1月至2021年6月于浙江大学医学院附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科行显微根尖手术治疗根尖囊肿的116例患者临床和影像学资料行回顾性分析,共计患牙164颗。根据患者的手术术式分为2组,分别为根切组43例（75颗患牙）和倒充填组73例（89颗患牙）。基于2组患者术前和术后12个月的锥形束CT影像,测量和计算牙体相关指标[解剖牙根长度（ARL）、临床牙根长度（CRL）、囊肿累及牙根长度（RLC）、截根长度（RRL）、RRL与RLC之比（RRL/RLC）、解剖冠根比（ACR）、临床冠根比（CCR）、解剖冠根比相对变化百分比（RACR）、临床冠根比相对变化百分比（RCCR）]。比较2组不同疗效（治愈、治疗有效、治疗无效）患牙牙体相关指标测量结果差异。结果 根切组治愈患牙13颗、治疗有效患牙40颗、治疗无效患牙22颗,不同疗效患牙术后12个月的ARL、CRL、ACR、CCR,以及RRL/RLC、RACR、RCCR总的比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P <0.05）。其中,术后12个月治愈患牙...     

根尖刮治术治疗难治性根尖周炎的临床观察

目的探讨根尖刮治术对难治性根尖周炎的治疗效果。方法难治性根尖周炎患者40例患牙47颗,完成根管治疗后,即刻行根尖刮治术,术后3、6、12个月复查,摄根尖片,进行疗效评价。结果随访1年,39颗患牙临床症状消失,无任何不适,根尖片显示患牙根尖周有新骨形成或原有根尖周透射影缩小;5颗患牙临床症状明显改善,咀嚼时偶感不适,根尖片显示患牙根尖周有新骨形成或原有根尖周透射影缩小;总有效率为93.6%。2颗患牙术后症状无减轻,经患者同意后拔除。1颗患牙术后6个月复发,患者出现咀嚼痛,颊侧牙龈出现瘘管,根尖片示根尖周透射影与术前比较没有变化。结论完善根管治疗后即刻行根尖刮治术,可有效治疗难治性根尖周炎。     

手术方法和植骨对老年人根尖周病疗效影响与分析

目的：通过2年随访观察和临床检查，分析比较手术治疗方法和治疗后植入人工骨对老年根尖周病疗效的影响。方法：选择临床需行手术治疗老年根尖周病患者67例，患牙77颗，分3组分别采用根尖刮治术，根尖切除术或根尖倒充填术。部分病例术后填入人工骨。连续2年随访观察和临床检查手术治疗方法和植骨对疗效的影响。结果：根尖切除术疗效高于根尖倒充填术和根尖刮治术，植入人工骨对根尖周病术后愈合效果好。结论：根尖切除术和术后植入人工骨有助提高根尖周病治疗后成功率。     

牙周牙髓联合病变伴畸形根面沟治疗的临床疗效研究

目的:评价显微根管外科手术联合牙周治疗牙周牙髓联合病变伴畸形根面沟的治疗效果。方法:选择畸形根面沟致牙周牙髓联合病变的患牙11例,经显微根管治疗后,采用显微根管外科手术联合牙周治疗,分别记录患牙术前、术后6个月及术后1年牙周探诊深度(PD)、龈沟出血指数(SBI)、牙齿松动度(TM),并进行统计分析。所有患牙术后6个月及1年复查,通过临床检查和X线片评定根尖周病损愈合结果。结果:术后6月及术后1年分别与术前相比,PD、SBI及TM均明显降低(P<0.05);术后6月成功率为81.82%;术后1年成功率为90.91%。结论:显微根管外科手术联合牙周治疗是畸形根面沟致牙周牙髓联合病变的可行治疗方法。     

Endodontic Microsurgery with Orthodontic Treatment in a Mandibular Left Molar with Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis

Endodontic microsurgery has reduced the degree of treatment trauma compared with traditional apical surgery and further increased the success rate of natural teeth retention. However, when root apices of the mandibular posterior teeth are far from the buccal cortical bone surface or near to the inferior alveolar nerve, the operational difficulty of endodontic microsurgery increased greatly. Orthodontic treatments may be helpful to decrease the difficulties. In this case, the roots of a highly calcified mandibular molar diagnosed as previously initiated, symptomatic apical periodontitis were moved initially buccally by orthodontic treatment in 2 months. Then, endodontic microsurgery was completed. The tooth remained asymptomatic and functional with a radiographically healing periapical lesion at the 4-, 12-, and 24-month follow-ups.     

Prognostic Factors after Endodontic Microsurgery: A Retrospective Study of 111 Cases with 5 to 9 Years of Follow-up

IntroductionA study was performed of the healing rate of teeth subjected to endodontic microsurgery after a minimum follow-up of 5 years with an analysis of the influence of different pre- and postoperative factors on the outcome.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of patients subjected to endodontic microsurgery with the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) for retrograde filling between January 2011 and December 2015. In patients with multiple treated teeth, only 1 random tooth was selected for the statistical analysis. Clinical and radiographic parameters were used to assess healing. Simple binary logistic regression models were used to analyze the influence of patient age and sex, the type of tooth, prior radiographic lesion size, the presence of a post, the type of restoration, and the apical extent of prior filling of the root canal on the endodontic microsurgery success rate. Two calibrated observers evaluated the periapical radiographs on an independent basis.ResultsA total of 111 patients (63.1% women and 36.9% men) were included in the study. Of the 111 teeth analyzed, 90 were classified as healed (mean healing rate = 81.1%). Patient age and sex, the presence of a post, the type of tooth, the type of restoration, and the apical extent of prior filling of the root canal had no significant impact on the outcome. Large lesions (>5 mm) were associated with a lower healing rate than smaller lesions, although the difference was not significant. Anterior teeth had a significantly higher healing rate (93.8% maxillary and 100% mandibular) than molars (70.8% maxillary and 57.1% mandibular) (P < .05). The differences between the anterior teeth and the molars were statistically significant.ConclusionsThe mean healing rate of teeth subjected to endodontic microsurgery was 81% after 5–9 years of follow-up. The success rate was lower for upper and lower molars than for teeth in the anterior zone, although the sample was small and further studies are needed to establish whether the type of tooth influences the treatment outcome.     

根尖大面积病变手术治疗的临床疗效观察

目的评估根尖手术治疗大面积根尖病变患牙的疗效。方法选择存在大面积根尖病变的59例患者（59处根尖病变,91颗患牙）为研究对象,根尖病变范围6~21 mm,在根管治疗后进行根尖手术。术后1、3、6、9、12、24个月复诊,对患牙及根尖病变进行临床及影像学评估,综合二者结果进行疗效评估,并对可能影响其术后疗效的各种因素进行统计学分析。结果59例患者中52例（88.1%）被评估为成功,6例（10.2%）被评估为失败,1例（1.7%）被评估为有效。老年组患者的成功率（63.6%）明显比青年组（87.5%）和中青年组（95.0%）低,具有统计学差异（P=0.037,P=0.017）;磨牙的成功率（75.0%）比前牙（92.6%）和前磨牙（90.0%）均低,具有统计学差异（P=0.041,P=0.047）;性别、根尖病变侵及牙齿数量、根尖病变范围等因素对成功率的影响未见统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论对于存在大面积根尖病变的患牙,根管治疗后配合根尖手术治疗是一项可选择的治疗方式。     

Endodontic status amongst 35-year-old Oslo citizens and changes over a 30-year period

AIM: To determine the prevalence of apical periodontitis and quality of root fillings in 35-year-old citizens of Oslo, Norway in 2003, and to compare the results with data from the same age cohort collected by repetitive cross-sectional studies in 1973, 1984 and 1993. METHODOLOGY: A random sample of 250 35-year-old Oslo inhabitants was drawn from The National Bureau of Statistics Recordings. Attendance rate was 64%. Root filled teeth and teeth with periapical pathology were detected from panoramic radiographs and additional periapical radiographs of affected teeth were processed. The preriapical status was evaluated by applying the periapical index system (PAI). Chi-square and Student's t-tests were used for the evaluation of differences between the groups. RESULTS: Twenty-three per cent of the individuals examined had root filled teeth and 16% had at least one tooth with apical periodontitis. Root filled teeth were associated with PAI values of 1 and 2 (health) in 57% of cases. Prevalence of root filled teeth and apical periodontitis remained unchanged during the past 10 years. An increase in the proportion of root filled teeth with apical periodontitis from 18% in 1973 to 43% in 2003 was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Despite continuous improvement in dental health (reduced DMF-values) compared with the previous Oslo studies; there was no improvement in endodontic status from 1993 to 2003.     

Apical resorption in teeth with periapical lesions: Correlation between radiographic diagnosis and SEM examination

This study correlated the radiographic findings and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of external apical resorption (EAR) in teeth with periapical lesions. Standard radiographs were taken from 45 teeth with periapical lesions before their extraction. Using a radiographic examination, the root apex of each tooth was classified according to the EAR into the following categories: radiographic external apical resorption (REAR) absent, superficial and deep. The apical root surface was also examined with SEM. Photomicrographs of EARs were classified as periforaminal (PEAR) and foraminal (FEAR) in three degrees: 0, 1 and 2. REAR was present in 72.5% of cases, of which 20% were deep. Based upon SEM analysis, PEAR and FEAR occurred in 75.6% and 66.7% of cases respectively; 51.2% and 59% respectively, of these teeth received a score of 2. Only 15.4% of the specimens were unaffected by EAR. When teeth with periapical lesions were examined for EAR with both radiography and by SEM, there was no correlation between the findings.     

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目的评价牙根尖截除与保留两种不同的根尖手术方法治疗牙根尖周病的临床效果。方法选择2012年1月至2013年6月在佛山市禅城区向阳医院口腔科就诊的上、下前牙根尖周病患者30例（38颗患牙）,随机分为根尖截除组与根尖保留组,每组15例。根尖截除组行根尖手术并截除牙根尖2—3mm,根尖保留组行根尖手术但保留牙根尖。术后3、6个月跟踪随访,通过检查牙松动度、瘘管出现以及测量牙槽骨骨密度和新生骨高度进行综合分析,比较两组术后临床效果。结果两组在代表复发指标的牙松动度和瘘管出现方面的差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）;而在代表成骨指标的牙槽骨骨密度和新生骨高度上的差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。结论术者若能彻底去净病变组织,保留牙根尖的根尖外科治疗有较好的临床应用价值。