经皮椎体成形术治疗老年骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折的临床疗效观察

目的：探讨经皮椎体成形术（percutaneous vertebro-plasty,PVP）治疗老年骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折的临床疗效。方法：对31例胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者中的39个锥体,采用经皮穿刺椎体成形术治疗。通过比较手术前后的椎体前缘、中部高度丢失率、后凸畸形Cobb角改善情况、疼痛视觉模拟评分（visualanaloguescale,VAS）、日常生活活动能力评分（Barthel指数）等指标,评价治疗效果。结果：VAS评分术前与术后比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;Barthel指数术前与术后比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;术后椎体前缘、中部高度丢失率、后凸畸形Cobb角与术前比较,差异有统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：经皮椎体成形术作为治疗老年骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折的微创技术,能迅速缓解疼痛、改善患者的日常生活能力。     

手术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折40例分析

目的探讨经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床疗效。方法对40例老年骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折患者行经皮椎体后凸成形术,观察手术治疗前后疼痛状况及局部Cobb角改变情况。结果术后患者疼痛状况显著改善,VAS评分为2．35093分,较术前显著降低（P〈0．05）,局部Codd角变为19．861°,较术前恢复显著（P〈0．05）,术后发生6例骨水泥渗透,1例临近椎体骨折,并发症的发生率为17．5％。结论经皮椎体后凸成形术可在较小风险下获得老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折治疗的显著疗效。     

球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效观察

目的研究球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术对骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的治疗效果。方法将我院2011年6月至2013年6月收治的85例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者随机分为实验组43例和对照组42例。实验组患者采用球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗,对照组采用经皮椎体成形术治疗。对所有患者随访6个月,并进行术后VAS评分、Cobb’s角和ODI评分。结果两组患者手术后VAS评分、Cobb＇s角和ODI评分均降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;实验组术后6个月VAS评分、Cobb＇s角和ODI评分均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术可以有效治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折,具有疗效好、安全性高的优点,可以作为临床上治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的首选方法。     

经皮球囊后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折的临床疗效分析

目的探讨对老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折患者选择经皮球囊后凸成形术加以治疗后获得的临床效果。方法选择我院2014年5月至2016年2月收治的老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折患者130例作为研究对象;本文通过要求老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折患者抽签展开分组;观察组:经皮球囊后凸成形术;对照组:开放式椎体成型术;观察对比VAS(疼痛视觉模拟评分)、脊柱后凸畸形角差异以及病变椎体高度等。结果在VAS评分方面、脊柱后凸畸形角以及病变椎体高度方面,观察组同对照组老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折患者之间凸显差异(P<0.05)。结论对于老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折疼痛患者的疾病情况加以有效明确,合理选择经皮球囊后凸成形术的方法进行治疗,可以将后凸畸形进行有效纠正,对于椎体高度恢复可以进行有效促进,值得老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折患者治疗过程中,广泛应用。     

经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的临床观察

目的观察经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的临床疗效。方法选择86例老年单纯性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组采取经皮椎体成形术,观察组实施经皮椎体后凸成型术。比较两组手术前后疼痛视觉模拟评分、后凸矫正情况、骨水泥渗漏率。结果治疗后两组VAS评分均明显降低(P<0.01),两组间VAS评分和后凸畸形矫正率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组骨水泥渗漏率明显低于对照组(13.95%vs 41.86%)(P<0.01)。结论经皮椎体后凸成型术治疗可有效减轻老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折后疼痛程度,矫正后凸畸形,降低骨水泥渗漏率。     

单侧椎弓根入路椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折

目的:探讨单侧经皮椎弓根入路椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床效果和实用价值.方法:对确诊骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折66例(83个椎体)采用单侧经皮椎弓根入路椎体后凸成形术治疗,手术前后进行VAS评分,并测量椎体高度以及Cobb′s角,进行统计学分析.结果:所有患者术后无神经损伤表现,术后VAS评分及椎体前缘高度较术前明显恢复(P<0.001,P<0.05).结论:单侧经皮椎弓根入路椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折能够明显缓解疼痛、恢复椎体高度,疗效肯定,安全性较高.     

球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折的临床研究

目的分析球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折的临床疗效。方法选取2013年4月至2016年2月在我院接受治疗的老年骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折患者61例,所有患者均行球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗,观察比较术前术后椎体前缘高度、椎体中缘高度、Cobb角及手术指标、术后并发症发生情况。结果术后椎体中缘及前缘高度优于术前,Cobb角及VAS评分小于术前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者平均手术时间为(1.98±0.71)h,术中出血量较少,且均穿刺成功无死亡病例;术后并发症发生率为6.56%。结论对老年骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折患者给予球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗,疗效显著,且手术时间短、并发症发生率低。     

经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性脊柱骨折的临床疗效

目的探讨经皮椎体成形术治疗骨质疏松性脊柱骨折的临床疗效。方法采用回顾性分析的方法对我院68例骨质疏松性脊柱骨折患者的临床资料进行研究,将所有的患者随机平均分为对照组和研究组,对照组34例患者采用球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗,研究组34例患者采用经皮椎体成形术治疗,比较两组患者的临床治疗效果。结果与对照组比较,研究组患者术后VAS评分、Cobb角以及椎体前缘高度改善情况更为显著,两组比较差异性显著(P<0.05),研究组及对照组患者的治疗总有效率分别为91.18%、76.47%,两组比较差异性显著(P<0.05)。结论经皮椎体成形术能有效的改善骨质疏松性脊柱骨折患者的临床症状,减轻疼痛,疗效安全可靠,值得临床进行应用及推广。     

椎体后凸成形术对脊柱压缩骨折的治疗作用及价值评析

目的探究椎体后凸成形术对脊柱压缩骨折的治疗作用。方法选取我院收治的60例脊柱压缩骨折患者(2013年12月至2014年12月)为研究对象。按照随机分组的方法将其分为对照组与观察组。对照组患者采用经皮椎体成形术治疗,观察组患者采用椎体后凸成形术进行治疗,探究2组患者治疗后的疼痛评分、椎体高度变化以及并发症发生率的差异性。结果通过本文研究可以看出,观察组患者的疼痛评分与对照组患者的疼痛评分相比较,不存在较大的差异(P>0.05),同时,观察组患者的椎体高度变化(椎体前缘丢失高度、椎体中部丢失高度、Cobb角)、并发症的发生率与对照组患者相比较,存在较大的差异,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论采用椎体后凸成形术治疗脊柱压缩骨折,具有显著的临床效果,其创伤小、止痛效果好、安全有效,具有较高的临床价值,值得临床进一步应用以及推广。     

经皮球囊后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折的临床效果观察

目的:观察经皮球囊后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折的临床效果.方法:将120例老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折患者随机分为两组,对照组和观察组各60例.其中对照组采用开放式椎体成型术治疗,观察组则采用经皮球囊后凸成形术治疗.比较两组间疗效差异,比较治疗前后两组间疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、病变椎体高度及脊柱后凸畸形角(cobb角)差异.结果:观察组总有效率为95.00％,显著高于对照组的85.00％(P＜0.05).治疗7d后,观察组VAS评分、cobb角显著小于对照组,病变椎体高度显著高于对照组,P ＜0.05.结论:皮球囊后凸成形术能有效缓解老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折疼痛,纠正后凸畸形,促进椎体高度恢复,在老年骨质疏松脊柱骨折的治疗中具有很好的疗效.     

Role of the liver in the disposition of intravenous nitroglycerin in the rat

Previous studies have indicated that the liver is the main site of nitroglycerin (NTG) elimination when the drug is systematically infused. To examine this hypothesis, we measured the apparent systemic clearance (Cls) of nitroglycerin in anesthesized rats receiving a constant intravenous infusion at a dose of 100 micrograms per kg per min. Animals were divided into shunt and sham groups; the former had undergone a portal vein ligation 10 days prior to the study, while the latter was subjected to a sham operation. On the study day, half of the animals of each group also received probenecid at 200 mg/kg, i.v., a drug previously reported to inhibit organic nitrate ester reductase (ONER) activity in rat liver. Arterial NTG samples were obtained at 41, 43 and 45 min of infusion in all four experimental groups; Cls was 439 +/- 32 ml per kg per min (mean +/- S.E.) in sham, 460 +/- 44 in sham and probenecid, 477 +/- 39 in shunt, and 461 +/- 34 in shunt and probenecid animals. During NTG infusion, hepatic blood flow (measured with a constant infusion of indocyanine green) was decreased markedly in shunted rats as was liver/body weight, indicating hepatic atrophy. The specific activity of hepatic ONER was similar in all four groups. In spite of marked differences in hepatic blood flow and hepatic mass, the Cls was similar in all four groups. The liver does not appear to be a major site for the elimination of systemic nitroglycerin as hitherto assumed.     

半导体激光治疗老年人压疮疗效观察

目的探讨半导体激光局部照射治疗老年人压疮疗效.方法:收集2012年1月-2015年6月48例压疮患者,分为半导体组和常规组各24例.常规组采用常规治疗,半导体组采用半导体激光加常规治疗,10 d为1个疗程,不超过3个疗程.疗程结束后比较两组疗效.结果:半导体组压疮愈显率为83.33％,创面愈合时间为(12.75±5.51)d,常规组分别为54.17％和(19.63±8.65)d,组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),两组均未见不良反应.结论:半导体激光加常规治疗压疮效果肯定,无明显不良反应,且操作简便.     

Nifedipine in the treatment of hypertension in the elderly

The effect of nifedipine monotherapy, retard tablets, 20 mg bid, was evaluated in 23 hypertensive patients, mean age, 79 +/- 2 years. Twenty-one patients completed an eight-week study. Blood pressure (BP) decreased to 160/90 mm Hg in 15 patients; in four additional patients diastolic BP dropped by 15% to 28%. In a subset of five patients with isolated systolic hypertension, a significant reduction in systolic BP was noted. Side effects were relatively mild and only two patients discontinued the study. The results suggest that nifedipine monotherapy offers an alternative, logic, therapeutic approach to hypertension in the elderly.     

Problems in the evaluation of hypnosis in the treatment of alcoholism

Although hypnotherapy has been applied to alcoholism for over a century and is accepted by the AMA as a medically valid technique, the effectiveness of hypnosis in treating alcoholics remains controversial. Systematic evaluation has been hampered by the unique role of hypnosis as a cultural artifact, by problems in defining and verifying hypnotic intervention, by individual and situational variation in hypnotizability, and by difficulty in separating hypnosis from the therapies to which it is applied. Clinicians using hypnosis are likely to continue to base their claims for its effectiveness on intuition, especially since no study has demonstrated that hypnotherapy is contraindicated for patients requesting its use.     

Pharmacological analysis of the participation of the catecholaminergic system in the development of the abstinence syndrome in rats

The behavioural activity of rats in "the open field" was studied. It was revealed that rats alcoholized for 8 months do not practically differ in their behavioural indicators from the intact ones. After the discontinuation of alcohol marked disturbances appear in their behaviour, that are arrested by apomorphine (0,1 mg/kg). In intact animals dopamine (50 mkg into the brain ventricles) induces behavioural disorders similar to those in rats during abstinence. Noradrenaline does not induce similar disorders. A conclusion is made on the dopaminergic nature of disorders in the behaviour of rats in the state of alcohol abstinence.     

HACCP在学校集体食堂卫生管理中的应用研究

目的 通过HACCP在学校集体食堂管理中的应用,提高食品卫生水平,保障学生的身体健康。方法 HACCP原则。结果 食品卫生达到较高水平,极大地减少了食物中毒的发生。结论 提示HACCP原则可在学校集体食堂的卫生管理中发挥有效作用。     

The role of the gut flora in the reduction of sulphinpyrazone in the rat

Sulphinpyrazone underwent both reduction to a sulphide and oxidation to a sulphone after parenteral administration to normal Wistar rats. Oral administration was associated with a bioavailability of about 75% and with a 3-fold greater formation of the sulphide. However, no sulphide was detected in the plasma after oral administration of sulphinpyrazone to germ-free (BD/X) rats or normal rats treated with oral antibiotics. In vitro studies showed that the major site of reduction of sulphinpyrazone was the contents of the hind gut with little activity detected in the liver or other tissues. The sulphide was oxidised in vivo to sulphinpyrazone and small amounts of sulphone, while the latter underwent only slight reduction to sulphinpyrazone, but did not give detectable levels of the sulphide. These data suggest that the gut microflora are the main site of reduction of sulphinpyrazone in the rat in vivo.