涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者X线胸片筛检情况分析

目的了解涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者中活动性肺结核检出情况。方法接受检查的家庭密切接触者771人,年龄＜15岁儿童进行结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物试验,对结核菌素反应≥10mm或虽＜10mm但伴有水泡等强反应的儿童,和≥15岁人群均摄X线胸片,对X线胸片提示肺部有异常阴影者进行痰涂片和痰培养检查。结果涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者中活动性肺结核病人检出率为3.8%,涂阳肺结核检出率为0.8%。肺部病灶有空洞和排菌量大的病人其家庭密切接触者活动性肺结核检出率高。家庭密切接触者中年龄＞60岁组其活动性肺结核检出率高于其他组,经统计学处理,与15～60岁组比,差异有统计学意义。结论对涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者摄X线胸片筛查,有助于提高肺结核病人发现率,是发现肺结核病例的一种有效手段。     

对广州市涂阳肺结核患者家庭密切接触者筛查的情况分析

目的 了解广州市涂阳肺结核患者(以下称“指示患者”)家庭密切接触者中活动性肺结核检出情况及有关影响因素.方法 采用整群分层随机抽样方法抽取广州市6个区的2011年1月至2011年12月在广州市结核病防治所登记的涂阳肺结核患者家庭密切接触者5664名进行结核病筛查现况调查,接受结核病筛查的家庭密切接触者5206名,对＜15岁的家庭密切接触者629名进行结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物(BCG-PPD)皮肤试验,其中结核菌素反应硬结平均直径≥15 mm或伴有水泡或溃破等强阳性反应的儿童144名;对≥15岁人群4577名拍摄胸片,胸片提示肺部有异常阴影者进行痰涂片和痰培养检查,用SPSS 16.0软件统计分析,计数资料及率的比较采取x2检验,P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 指示患者家庭密切接触者中活动性肺结核患者检出率为3.6％(187/5206),痰涂片阳性患者检出率为0.7％(36/5206),痰菌阳性患者检出率为1.3％(66/5206).629例15岁以下儿童BCG-PPD皮肤试验一般阳性和中度阳性的485名,强阳性144名,BCG-PPD皮肤试验强阳性儿童活动性肺结核检出率5.6％(8/144).指示患者家庭密切接触者中,男、女性活动性肺结核患者检出率分别为3.7％(86/2348)和3.5％(101/2858),差异无统计学意义(x2=0.062,P＞0.05).与指示患者是夫妻、父母或兄弟姐妹关系的密切接触者检出率分别为4.4％(74/1675)、4.3％(34/794)和5.7％(29/507),与指示患者是儿女或其他关系的检出率分别为2.4％(40/1682)和1.8％(10/548),不同关系组比较差异有统计学意义(x2=23.119,P＜0.01).初治指示患者家庭密切接触者检出率3.9％(160/4131),比复治指示患者家庭密切接触者检出率2.5％(27/1075)高,两组比较差异有统计学意义(x2=4.566,P＜0.05).结论 涂阳肺结核患者家庭密切接触者筛查是主动发现肺结核患者的有效手段,特别是初治指示患者的家庭密切接触者需更加注意,与指示患者是夫妻、父母或兄弟姐妹关系者是结核病筛查的重点.     

涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者痰涂片阳性检出情况分析

目的了解涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者痰涂片阳性检出情况。方法确认的家庭密切接触者36423人,每人提供3份痰标本(夜间痰、晨痰和即时痰),进行痰涂片检查。结果涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者中涂阳检出率为1.0%;病人排菌量与家庭密切接触者涂阳检出率呈正相关关系;家庭密切接触者≤15岁年龄组和≥55岁以上年龄组的涂阳检出率要高于其他各组,分别为1.5%和2.1%,经统计学处理,有显著性差异。结论对涂阳病人家庭密切接触者进行痰涂片筛查,有助于提高涂阳病人的发现率。特别对排菌量在2+以上病人的家庭密切接触者,以及家庭密切接触者≤15年龄组和≥55岁年龄组的痰涂片筛查,可发现更多涂阳病人。     

涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者痰涂片阳性检出情况分析

目的 了解涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者痰涂片阳性检出情况。方法确认的家庭密切接触者36423人，每人提供3份痰标本（夜间痰、晨痰和即时痰），进行痰涂片检查。结果涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者中涂阳检出率为1．0％；病人排菌量与家庭密切接触者涂阳检出率呈正相关关系；家庭密切接触者≤15岁年龄组和≥55岁以上年龄组的涂阳检出率要高于其他各组，分别为1．5％和2．1％，经统计学处理，有显著性差异。结论对涂阳病人家庭密切接触者进行痰涂片筛查，有助于提高涂阳病人的发现率。特别对排菌量在2＋以上病人的家庭密切接触者，以及家庭密切接僦者≤15年龄组和≥55岁年龄组的痰涂片筛查．可发现理多涂阳病人．     

北京口岸赴美移民人群结核病监测结果分析

目的调查北京口岸移民人群日市结核的发病及感染情况,建立出入境口岸防控结核病科学有效的监测管理体系,防止结核病通过口岸跨境传播。方法对2008年7月至2013年6月期间l5598名赴美移民结核病监测资料进行回顾性分析,2～〈15岁组的2488名儿童均行结核菌素皮肤试验或7下扰素体外释放试验;≥15岁组13110名均摄x线胸片,对所有x线胸片可疑的401例肺结核患者进行痰涂片和痰培养检查,对11例培养阳性菌株进行结核分枝杆菌菌种鉴定和抗结核药物敏感性试验。结果按照美国CIX＂结核病筛查指南要求并参照我国肺结核诊断标准确定：（1）继发（}舌动）性肺结核：≥15岁组13110名x线胸片提示可疑肺结核401例,从中确诊肺结核患者15例（检出率114．42/10万）,其中菌阳11例,菌阴4例（检出率分别为83．91／10万和30．51／10万）;（2）非活动性肺结核：≥15岁组确诊非活动性肺结核386例,检出率2944．32／10万;（3）儿童潜伏结核分枝杆菌感染：2～〈15岁组2488名儿童中共444例确诊为结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染,其中结核菌素试验硬结平均直径≥10mm、者423例,7干扰素体外释放试验阳性者2l例,儿童结核分枝杆菌感染率17845．66／10万,444例x线胸片均未见异常;（4）≥15岁组密切接触者2例;（5）细菌学检测：≥15岁组中X线胸片异常的401例均进行3个痰标本检测。检出涂阳培阳4例、涂阴培阳7例和涂阴培阴390例;1l例菌株均属结核分枝杆菌;药敏试验结果为敏感株9例,耐药株2例（1例为MDKTB,1例为PDRTB）;（6）活动性肺结核以60岁及以上组检出率最高,为371．52／10万（6／1615）;15～〈30岁组次之,检出率为145．88／10万（G／4113）。结论对口岸地区的≥15岁年龄组x线胸片异常者作为肺结核的防控重点人群,2～〈15岁组人群结核菌素试验硬结平均直径≥10mm或γ干扰素体外释放试验阳性者也不容忽视。     

涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者中发现新病人的情况分析

目的了解涂阳肺结核病人家庭密切接触者中新病人的发现情况。方法对确认的家庭密切接触者590人,15岁以下的做PPD试验,15岁以上的进行胸透,对于PPD强阳性反应和胸透异常者拍胸片1张,痰涂片3张。结果查出活动性肺结核病人106例,占17.97%,其中涂阳病人48例,占8.14%,都高于普通人群。结论对涂阳肺结核病人的家庭密切接触者进行检查,可以较早期更多的发现活动性肺结核病人,特别是传染性肺结核病人,从而早期治疗,达到控制结核病传播的目的。     

涂阳肺结核患者密切接触者的结核病检出情况分析

目的 了解涂阳肺结核患者密切接触者中肺结核的发病情况,为结核病防控策略的制定提供科学依据。 方法 通过对1-138例涂阳肺结核患者的家庭密切接触者的X线和痰涂片检查来分析他们的结核病患病情况。同时,分析涂阳肺结核患者的密切接触者中患者配偶、父母和子女以及有无结核可疑症状者的家庭密切接触者和不同排菌程度肺结核患者的密切接触者中肺结核患者的检出情况。 结果涂阳肺结核患者家庭密切接触者中活动性肺结核患者的检出率为3.3%;涂阳肺结核患者家庭密切接触者中活动性肺结核患者的检出率配偶最高,分别是患者父母的1.9倍和患者子女的16倍;有结核可疑症状者的活动性肺结核患者检出率是无结核可疑症状者的活动性肺结核患者检出率的6.4倍,2者差异有统计学意义（μ＝7.8,P＜0.01）;涂片3+患者的密切接触者中活动性肺结核患者的检出率比涂片2+患者和涂片1+患者的密切接触者分别高出1.8和2.4个百分点。 结论 涂阳肺结核患者家庭密切接触者的结核病患病情况明显高于普通人群,特别是对患者的配偶、家庭密切接触者中有结核可疑症状者和排菌严重肺结核患者的家庭密切接触者应重点关注。因此,应加强对涂阳肺结核患者家庭密切接触者的监测和检查,尽早发现患者,缩短肺结核患者对正常人群的感染传播。     

结核病线索调查探讨

目的探寻符合边远山区农村实际的结核病人最经济易行的发现办法。方法选择居住较为集中、交通略便利,人口约1.7万人的乡镇作为线索调查点。按3个月至14岁,15至59岁,60岁以上三个年龄段设计六类不同线索进行调查,对胸透异常和咳嗽、咯痰≥3周及既往有结核病史者进行X线摄片,对胸片异常者,同时送3份合格痰标本,直接涂片检查抗酸干菌。结果线调点活动性肺结核35例,涂阳病人12例,患病率为197.1/10万,涂阳患病率为67.6/10万。其线索调查肺结核病人发现率118.3/10万,涂阳病人发现率33.8/10万;2例复治多年耐多药难治病例,耐药率11.3/10万。结论通过三年秦巴卫生结核病控制项目的实施,活动性肺结核患病率和涂阳患病率较2000年明显下降。说明结核病控制项目成效显著。线索调查以咳嗽、咳痰≥3周者活动性,涂阳发现率高,分别为45.1/10万和16.9/10万;有结核病史者次之,检出率分别为16.91/10万和5.6/10万;15岁以下儿童和60岁以上老人PPD筛查和胸透普查均发现活动性和涂阳肺结核病人,发现率发别为16.9/10万和5.6/10万;咳嗽、咳痰<3周及其它症状发现1例活动性肺结核,发现率为5.6/10万;与活动性肺结核病人密切接触者未检出;耐多药结核病患者的治疗带来很大困难,并对结核病流行产生严重后果。     

张掖市新涂阳肺结核病患者密切接触者的感染现状

目的了解甘肃省张掖市涂阳肺结核病患者密切接触者感染发病情况,及早发现活动性特别是传染性肺结核病患者,早期治疗,达到控制结核病传播的目的。方法对家庭密切接触者,15岁及以下人群做PPD试验、15岁以上人群胸透检查,对于PPD强阳性反应和胸透异常者拍后前位胸片一张,并要求送检3份痰标本,对发现的肺结核病患者,按照《中国结核病防治规划实施工作指南》的要求进行治疗管理。结果 2011—2015年张掖市登记的5 443例涂阳肺结核病患者,家庭密切接触者20 394人,平均每例新涂阳肺结核病患者有家庭密切接触者3.6例,接受检查的家庭密切接触者19 342人、受检率94.8%,接受检查的家庭密切接触者中检出涂阳肺结核病患者212例、检出率1.1%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=1.202,P0.01);家庭密切接触者中15岁及以下和55岁及以上年龄组患者最多,涂阳检出率分别为2.1%和1.8%,均高于其他年龄组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=38.131,P0.01)。结论对新涂阳患者家庭密切接触者进行痰涂片筛查,有助于提高涂阳患者发现率,特别是痰涂片"3+"以上的密切接触者,以及在家庭密切接触者中15岁及以下和55岁及以上年龄组的痰涂片筛查,可发现更多的涂阳患者。     

2005年广州市结核病现况抽样调查

目的了解广州市结核病的流行现状及危害程度，评价广州市结核病防治措施，为制定广州市2006至2010年结核病防治规划提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机和按人口比例抽样方法，抽样人口比例为1：158。广州市应有流行病学调查点为24个，平均每个调查点的应检人数为1656人。对调查点0～14岁儿童进行结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物试验，询问其卡介苗接种史并检查卡痕；对结核菌素反应≥10mm，或虽〈10mm但伴有水疱等强反应的儿童和≥15岁应检人口进行X线胸透；对疑有肺结核症状者、X线胸透有异常阴影及已知肺结核患者均拍摄胸部X线片；对X线胸透异常及疑有肺结核症状者进行痰涂片和痰培养检查，对培养阳性的标本进行菌种鉴定。结果广州市活动性肺结核患病率为201／10万，涂阳肺结核患病率为33／10万，菌阳肺结核患病率为43／10万；14岁以下儿童中未发现活动性肺结核患者，15～50岁组活动性肺结核患病率为72．5／10万～176．8／10万，80岁以上达高峰，以老年男性最高（2341／10万）；已知活动性肺结核、涂阳和菌阳肺结核分别为35．0％（28／80）、61．5％（8／13）和47．1％（8／17）；初治活动性肺结核、涂阳和菌阳肺结核分别为81．3％（65／80）、69．2％（9／13）和58．8％（10／17）；55岁以上组的复治活动性肺结核患者占80．0％。结论广州市的结核病患病率仍较高，老年菌阳肺结核仍较多。     

Tuberculosis infection in children who are contacts of immigrant tuberculosis patients.

The present study aimed to determine what proportion of children who are in close contact with immigrant tuberculosis (TB) patients are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. For 1.5 yrs, 14 municipal health services in The Netherlands collected data from all non-Dutch TB patients and their contacts. Close contacts aged < 16 yrs received a tuberculin skin test (TST). A positive TST was defined as an induration of > or = 10 mm among nonvaccinated children, and > or = 16 mm among bacille Calmette-Guérin-vaccinated children. In total, 244 patients had 359 close contacts aged < 16 yrs. Nine out of the 359 (2.5%) had TB. A TST test was given to 298 out of the 359 (83%). Of the 115 contacts of 44 extrapulmonary TB patients, three (3%) had a positive TST. Of the 186 contacts of 58 positive pulmonary TB patients, 30 (16%) had a positive TST. Contacts of sputum smear-positive patients significantly more often had a positive TST (25%), compared with the contacts of sputum smear-negative patients (7%). Children born abroad significantly more often had a positive TST (20%) than children born in The Netherlands (5%). In conclusion, the prevalence of active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection among children who are close contacts of immigrant tuberculosis patients is high and warrants an expansion of contact investigation.     

涂阳肺结核患者密切接触者结核感染危险及相关因素分析

目的 了解涂阳肺结核患者密切接触者结核感染危险程度及相关因素。方法 2007年7月至2008年6月河北省20个县确诊的涂阳肺结核患者确认的1岁及1岁以上的7884例密切接触者在线索患者确诊后1个月内进行PPD试验,3个月后对第1次试验阴性者再次进行PPD试验。结果 涂阳肺结核密切接触者中＜15岁的儿童感染率为39.03%（153/392）,15岁及以上年龄组感染率为60.65%（4014/6618）。PPD试验强阳性率＜15岁的无卡痕儿童高达28.06%（110/392）,是有卡痕儿童（16.82%,147/874）的1.67倍,15岁及以上年龄组13.55%（897/6618）最低。随着线索患者痰中结核分枝杆菌菌量的增多,密切接触者感染率增高,痰中结核分枝杆菌菌量不同的线索患者的接触者感染率及PPD试验强阳性率差异均有统计学意义（χ²=38.42,P<0.01;χ²=235.11,P<0.01）。与线索患者为夫妻、父母、同学和同事关系的接触者感染率较高,为祖孙和兄弟姐妹关系的接触者感染率较低,不同关系接触者的感染率和PPD试验强阳性率差异均有统计学意义（χ²=127.14,P<0.05;χ²=18.97,P<0.05）。涂阳肺结核密切接触者年感染危险率为3.53%（ARI=10÷1133÷3×12×100%）。结论 涂阳肺结核密切接触者结核感染危险明显高于普通人群。接触者结核感染的危险与线索患者痰中结核分枝杆菌菌量、接触者与线索患者关系以及接触者的年龄有关。     

Treatment of latent TB infection for close contacts as a complementary TB control strategy in Singapore.

OBJECTIVE: To describe our initial experience with treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) for close contacts of infectious TB cases in Singapore, an intermediate TB burden country with mass BCG (re)vaccination since the 1950s. METHODS: Screening of 5699 contacts of 1374 index cases notified in 1998 was carried out at the TB Control Unit. RESULTS: Seventy-five per cent (4239) completed tuberculin skin testing (TST). Fifty-three cases of TB disease were detected (0.9% yield). Twenty-one per cent (895/4239) of the TST-screened contacts were started on LTBI treatment, comprising 92% (810/883) of contacts with TST > or = 15 mm, 5% (64/1195) of those with TST 10-14 mm and 1% (21/2161) of those with TST < 10 mm. The regimen utilized was isoniazid for 6 months in adults and 9 months in children. Eighty-one per cent completed treatment. The incidence of isoniazid-induced hepatitis was 0.45%. Over the ensuing 4 years, one case of active TB was reported among those treated for LTBI, and 10 cases (five without TST readings) were notified among contacts who did not receive treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Where good case-finding and treatment of TB disease exist, and where resources permit, LTBI treatment for close contacts is feasible as a complementary TB control strategy in an intermediate TB burden country with a BCG-vaccinated population.     

Usefulness of QuantiFERONTB-2G in a suspected case of drug resistant tuberculosis outbreak in a university

OBJECTIVE: To diagnose M. tuberculosis infection and select subjects for chemoprophylaxis in a contact investigation, we used the whole blood interferon-gamma response test, QuantiFERONTB-2G (QFT), and examined the usefulness of QFT. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The index case (heavily positive for sputum smear, at grade 6 by Gaffky system, the duration of coughing being 8 months; hence the infectious risk index is 48) was found at a periodic mass health examination before proceeding to the second grade in a university. Since TB outbreak was suspected based on the results of tuberculin skin test (TST) in the contact investigation, QFT test was carried out to determine the subjects for chemoprophylaxis and to define the target of further contact investigations. RESULTS: In the first TST, 57 contacts showed erythema of more than 30 mm in diameter, and these contacts would have been indicated for chemoprophylaxis based on TST results. Thus, this case would have been designated as a TB outbreak, and further investigation should be necessary for less close contacts. However, twice QFT tests revealed that only five contacts were positive for QFT (three showed erythema diameter of more than 30 mm, and two less than 29 mm). These five contacts were indicated chemoprophylaxis. Thus, the number of the secondary infections did not fulfill the criterion defined as a TB outbreak, and therefore an extended contact investigation was stopped. No contact has developed TB so far. CONCLUSION: QFT test was shown to be useful for determining subjects for chemoprophylaxis and selecting the range of the contact investigation.     

Risk factors for transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from HIV-infected tuberculosis patients, Botswana.

OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from patients with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in Botswana. DESIGN: Transmission was studied in 210 children aged <10 years (contacts) of unknown HIV status exposed to 51 adults with tuberculosis (index cases), including 41/49 (83.7%) with HIV infection. METHODS: Data collected on index cases included demographics, clinical and social characteristics, sputum, HIV, and CD4 lymphocyte results. Tuberculin skin testing was performed on contacts, and their parent or guardian was interviewed. A positive test was defined as > or = 10 mm induration. Skin test results were compared with results obtained from a population survey of children of similar age from the same community. RESULTS: A positive skin test was found in 12.1% of exposed children compared with 6.2% in the community (P = 0.005). Of the infected children, 22 (78.6%) were contacts of a close female relative. The risk of transmission increased with the degree of sputum smear positivity for acid-fast bacilli among female index cases (10.8% if smear 0+, 9.3% if smear 1+,29.4% if smear 2+, 44% if smear 3+, P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, severe immunodeficiency (CD4 lymphocyte count <200 cells/mm3) among HIV-infected index cases was protective against transmission (OR 0.08, 95%CI 0.01-0.5, P = 0.006). CONCLUSION: The intensity of exposure to tuberculosis patients and the degree of sputum smear positivity for acid-fast bacilli remain important risk factors for transmission of M. tuberculosis during the era of HIV. However, tuberculosis patients with advanced AIDS may be less infectious than patients in earlier stages of AIDS.     

Tuberculin skin test reaction of health-care workers exposed to tuberculosis infection

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe tuberculin skin test (TST) of health-care workers who had had contacts with a tuberculosis patient and to investigate whether the distributions of the size of TST were different by sputum-smear status of index cases and medical procedures done to the patient. SUBJECTS: Health-care workers who were exposed to tuberculosis infection through contact with patients before diagnosis of tuberculosis were included in this study. Index cases had pulmonary tuberculosis with positive sputum smear and were registered at Sapporo Public Health Office from April 2001 to March 2002. Subjects without past history of BCG (bacilli Calmette-Guerin) vaccinacion were excluded, and final study subjects were 415 (52 male and 363 female, mean age 29.1 years). METHOD: Characteristics of index cases and contact status were obtained from the registration cards of tuberculosis cases at Sapporo Public Health Office. Subjects were divided into two or more categories by the characteristics of index cases and the contact status. Distributions of TST of the subjects in different categories were compared. RESULTS: Contacts with patients received tracheal aspiration showed significantly larger TST reaction than contacts with patients not receiving tracheal aspiration. Among contacts with patients showing minimum to moderately positive sputum-smear, TST reaction was significantly larger in contacts with patients received tracheal aspiration (mean diameter of erythema 35.8 mm) than those not receiving tracheal aspiration (24.8 mm). In contrast, among contacts with patients of severely positive sputum-smear, TST reaction was not significantly different between contacts of patients received tracheal aspiration (35.3 mm) and not receiving tracheal aspiration (33.1 mm). CONCLUSION: TST was significantly stronger in contacts with a tuberculosis patient received tracheal aspiration, which indicates medical procedures such as tracheal aspiration increases the risk of tuberculosis infection in health-care workers.     

一起校园肺结核疫情的流行病学调查分析

目的 对一起校园肺结核疫情进行调查和分析,发现学校结核病疫情处置工作中的难点和不足,为完善学校结核病控制策略提供思路和建议。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法,对2020年10月至2021年6月一起学校结核病疫情进行流行病学调查和分析。同时采用结核菌素皮肤试验(tuberculin skin test, TST)和胸部X线摄片(简称“胸片”)开展肺结核筛查和密切接触者调查。结果 在确诊1例痰涂片阳性肺结核病例之后,共开展4次密切接触者筛查并陆续确诊4例活动性结核病病例。其中,针对指示病例的54名密切接触者(学生47名,教职工7名)开展首次调查时,调查对象的胸片均未见异常,学生的TST强阳性率为4.44%(2/45),教职员工为1/7。本次疫情TST强阳性且排除活动性结核病的学生无人接受预防性治疗。与首次筛查相比,后续筛查中与指示病例同宿舍的学生TST阳转率为6/8、同小组学习的学生TST阳转率为4/5、经常性共同就餐的学生TST阳转率为3/3。此外,后续筛查中发现的4例肺结核新发患者均为随访过程中的TST阳转者。结论 本次学校肺结核疫情的流行病学调查分析提示,密切接触者调查和处置工作需要进一步加强,对新近感染的追踪应成为随访密切接触者的重要内容,预防性治疗对象的界定应更加明确并应提高预防干预的覆盖率。     

Comparison of the Interferon-Gamma Release Assay With the Traditional Methods for Detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Children

The purpose of the article is to compare the whole blood interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) with the traditional methods for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection in children.Fifteen childhood patients with tuberculosis and 15 healthy children were recruited. Sputa samples and venous blood were collected, and according to different procedures, IGRA, sputum smear, colloidal gold assay (CGA), fluorescence quantitation polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR), and tuberculosis skin test (TST) were, respectively, performed. Thirty healthy children vaccinated with Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) were also recruited, and the comparative test was carried out between IGRA and TST.In all of 15 childhood patients with TB, the positive rates were 86.7%, 20.0%, 26.7%, 40%, and 66.7% in IGRA, sputum smear, CGA, FQ-PCR, and TST, respectively. In the children vaccinated with BCG, the positive rate of IGRA was significantly lower than that of TST (6.7% vs 76.7%). From high to low, the specificities of the five methods were sputum smear (100%), IGRA (86.7%), FQ-PCR (86.7%), TST (40%), and CGA (26.7%). Although the specificities of sputum smear and FQ-PCR were more than or equal to that of IGRA, the relative sensitivities limited their applications in populations of children.IGRA is a sensitive and specific method, and could be taken as a first choice for detecting MTB infection in populations of children.