原子吸收分光光度法测定赣产白术中微量元素

用原子吸收光度法测定白术中Zn、Fe、Cu、Mg、Cr、Mn、Pb、Cd、K、Ni、Co共11种元素的含量。其中Mg、K是人体的常量元素,Cu、Fe、Zn、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni是人体的必需微量元素,Pb、Cd是人体的非必需微量元素。结果表明,白术含有很多与人体密切相关的元素,具有较高的药用价值。     

白花丹参不同部位微量元素分析比较

目的 :分析比较白花丹参不同部位微量元素的含量。方法 :用原子吸收分光光度法分别测定丹参根、茎、叶中Zn、Cu、Fe等 13种微量元素的含量 ,对不同部位微量元素含量进行比较。结果 :在根、茎、叶中K、Na、Fe、Ca含量均较高 ,Zn、Cu、Mg、Mn、Co、Cr、Ni在不同部位含量相近 ,有害元素Cd、Pb含量较低。结论 :从微量元素角度分析丹参的茎、叶可能具有一定的应用价值     

蜻蜓蛹中微量元素及其营养价值

蜻蜓蛹含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、氨基酸、微量元素等营养成分。采用现代分析技术手段对蜻蜓蛹中Na、K、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Mg 7种微量元素进行分析,结果表明:蜻蜓蛹(干品)中Na、K、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Mg 7种微量元素的含量分别为1340.80、2291.25、596.40、22.65、30.70、26.65、631.25μg/g,是一种有较高开发潜力的天然昆虫资源。     

火焰原子吸收测定南美白对虾肌肉的8种无机元素

用HNO3-HClO4(4:1)混酸作消化液对南美白对虾肌肉进行消化,用火焰原子吸收光谱法对南美白对虾肌肉消化液中的Cu、Mn、Fe、Zn、Ca、Mg、K、Na 8种元素进行分析测定。实验表明:南美白对虾肌肉中的K、Na,Ca,Mg,Zn较为丰富。     

Application of multidimensional scaling technique to differentiate sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) cultivars according to their chemical composition

Proximate composition (moisture, protein, starch, amylose, total dietary fibre, Brix degree, fat, ash, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, acidity and pH), minerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and trace elements (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn) were determined in 30 cultivars of sweet potato from the Canary Islands (Spain). There were significant differences between the sweet potato cultivars for all the parameters studied; in addition, both the island of production and the cultivation cycle showed a noteworthy influence on the mineral and trace element composition of the tubers. It is worth mentioning that the consumption of sweet potatoes contributes relatively high intake levels of vitamin C, phenolic compounds and mineral and trace elements (K, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe and Cu). Application of multidimensional scaling (MDS) correctly classified the sweet potato cultivars according to the island of production and maturation cycle.     

Probabilistic Assessment of the Intake of Trace Elements by Consumption of Weaning Foods in Spain

A probabilistic model was developed to estimate the intake level for Fe, Zn, Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Cu, Na, and K derived from consumption of weaning foods in Spain. They were pooled into 10 different categories based on the main ingredient used in its formulation (chicken, chicken-veal, hake, ham, varied vegetables, chicken-ham, lamb, veal, sole, and beef-ham). The results reported that trace elements contents were especially low and inadequate according to the Dietary Reference Intake especially to Fe, Zn, and Ca and in less extent for Cu and P. Instead, Na contents were moderately high and near to upper limit of this element.     

泥鳅及其提取物中微量元素的含量分析

采用国家标准方法测定了泥鳅干粉、活体提取物、匀浆提取物、胃蛋白酶解提取物和胰蛋白酶解提取物中 K、Na、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Se、Pb、Cd、Hg、As等 1 2种无机元素的含量。结果表明胃蛋白酶解提取物中人体所必需的微量元素含量最高 ,具有较高的开发价值。微量元素含量为泥鳅药效的进一步研究和综合利用提供了新的科学依据。     

脑卒中与微量元素关系调查

本文讨论了我国脑卒中高发区、低发区脑卒中高危人群（ｓｐｐ）头发微量元素含量的变化与血压和生化指标的关系。结果发现高发区ＳＰＰ头发Ｋ、ｃａ、ｃｕ及ｃａ／Ｍｇ明显低于对照组（ｓｃ）及低发区ｓｐｐ，而Ｎａ、Ｍｇ、Ｚｎ及Ｎａ／Ｋ、Ｚｎ／Ｃｕ则明显高于ＳＣ和低发区。Ｋ与血压、ＡＰＯＢ呈负相关，与ＨＣＴ、ＡＰＯＡ－Ⅰ及Ｃ肽呈正相关；Ｎａ与增龄、血压、ＡＰＯＢ正相关，与Ｃ肽负相关；Ｃａ、Ｃａ／Ｍｇ与增龄、血压、ＨＣＴ、Ｃ肽负相关，与ＡＰＯＡ－Ⅰ正相关；Ｍｇ与增龄、ＢＭＩ、ＡＰＯＢ正相关，与ＨＣＴ负相关；Ｚｎ与增龄、血压、ＢＭＩ、ＢＳ正相关；Ｆｅ与ＡＰＯＢ及Ｃ肽正相关；Ｍｎ与Ｃｈ、ＬＤＬ负相关，与Ｃ肽和胰岛素正相关。经逐步回归分析发现，Ｋ、Ｎａ、ｃａ与血压关系最密切。     

安徽农民膳食中无机元素全年摄入量调查

对歙县、庐江、凤阳、利辛四县部分农户的Ｋ、Ｎａ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｐ、Ｆｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ９种无机元素摄入量进行为期一年的调查，显示Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｚｎ摄入量不足，Ｃａ尤为明显。Ｃａ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ的食物来源以植物性食物为主，吸收率低，应适当增加Ｃａ及微量元素含量高且易吸收的动物性食物的摄取量。江淮地区钠摄入量过高，应降低食盐的摄取量。     

新疆圆柏实中微量元素分析

用原子吸收分光光度法测定了新疆圆柏实中的Ca、Zn、Fe、Cu、K、Na、Co、Ni、Mn、Cr、Mg等11种微量元素的含量。结果表明,新疆圆柏实中人体必需的微量元素的含量较高,作为中药及维吾尔医药,具有较高的药用价值。     

槐花蜜 枣花蜜 荆条蜜中8种元素的测定与研究

采用原子吸收光谱仪 ,对槐花蜜、枣花蜜、荆条蜜 3种蜂蜜中的铁、锌、钙、钾、镁、钠、铜、锰 8种元素的含量进行了测定 ,结果表明 ,不同种类的蜂蜜所含的微量元素也有差别 ,蜂蜜中含有一定的铁、钙、钾、钠元素 ,锌、镁、铜等元素的含量很低 ,锰元素在 3种蜂蜜中均未检出。     

原子吸收光谱法测定沙枣叶中矿物元素

目的：建立原子吸收光谱法测定沙枣叶不同生长时期9种生命活动所必需矿物元素（钾、钠、钙、铁、铜、镁、锌、锰、锶）含量测定方法；比较不同消化体系对测定结果的影响。方法：原子吸收光谱法。结果：沙枣叶中铁、锌、锰、铜含量在不同生长时期差异明显，其他几种元素含量均丰富，并且微波消化的效果优于湿法消化。结论：本方法具有灵敏度高、选择性好、准确度较高及分析速度快等特点。     

臭椿树不同药用部位元素的测定与分析

目的:测定臭椿药用部位的微量元素含量,分析与其药效的关系。方法:用原子吸收分光光度法分别测定了臭椿叶、籽、皮中K、Na、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Se、Fe、Mo、Mn等10种元素的含量,并作药效分析。结果:所测定的10种有益元素均具有高的含量。结论:从微量元素的角度分析可知,臭椿在药材和饲料添加剂方面有一定的开发与应用价值。     

上海地区7～20岁人群血清微量元素研究

作者检测了上海地区417名7～20岁人群的血清17种微量元素(包括12种必需微量元素)和3种常量元素的含量。其中血清Zn、Cu、Fe、Mn、Cr、Co、Mo、Si、Sn、Ni、V、Ca、P、Mg、Sr、Cd、Pb、Al、Ti共19种元素采用ICAP-9000型等离子体直读光谱仪测定,血清Se由F-78型脉冲极谱仪分析。结果表明,血清Zn、Cu及常量元素等分布比较集中,Cd、Pb、Co、Sr等变异度较大。多数元素与年龄存在相关关系,其中Zn、Fe、Mn、Sr等与年龄呈正相关,Cu、Se、Cr、Pb等则随年龄增长而下降。不同生长发育时期血清多数元素有明显差别,整个人群血清各元素男女间基本一致,但不同时期血清元素有一定性别差异。比较不同地区血清元素的分布,表明市区人群血清Cr、Si、Pb等元素较高,而市郊Cu、Fe、Mn、Sr值较高。     

百色产黑木耳中的微量元素分析

用原子吸收和荧光分光光度法测定了百色市7县、区黑木耳中钾、钠、钙、镁、锌、锰、铁、铜、硒、铅等10种微量元素含量。结果表明:百色产的黑木耳中含有丰富的人体必需的微量元素,其中钾、锌等元素含量高于文献值,铅的含量低于食品卫生标准,不同地方出产的黑木耳的微量元素含量不相同。     

Exercise-induced trace mineral element concentration in regional versus whole-body wash-down sweat

Simultaneous whole-body wash-down (WBW) and regional skin surface sweat collections were completed to compare regional patch and WBW sweat calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) concentrations. Athletes (4 men, 4 women) cycled in a plastic open-air chamber for 90 min in the heat. Before exercise, the subjects and cycle ergometer (covered in plastic) were washed with deionized water. After the onset of sweating, sterile patches were attached to the forearm, back, chest, forehead, and thigh and removed on saturation. After exercise, the subjects and cycle ergometer were washed with 5 L of 15-mM ammonium sulfate solution to collect all sweat minerals and determine the volume of unevaporated sweat. Control trials were performed to measure mineral contamination in regional and WBW methods. Because background contamination in the collection system was high for WBW Mn, Fe, and Zn, method comparisons were not made for these minerals. After correction for minimal background contamination, WBW sweat [Ca], [Mg], and [Cu] were 44.6 ± 20.0, 9.8 ± 4.8, and 0.125 ± 0.069 mg/L, respectively, and 5-site regional (weighted for local sweat rate and body surface area) sweat [Ca], [Mg], and [Cu] were 59.0 ± 15.9, 14.5 ± 4.8, and 0.166 ± 0.031 mg/L, respectively. Five-site regional [Ca], [Mg], and [Cu] overestimated WBW by 32%, 48%, and 33%, respectively. No individual regional patch site or 5-site regional was significantly correlated with WBW sweat [Ca] (r = -.21, p = .65), [Mg] (r = .49, p = .33), or [Cu] (r = .17, p = .74). In conclusion, regional sweat [Ca], [Mg], and [Cu] are not accurate surrogates for or significantly correlated with WBW sweat composition.     

Levels of selected metals in ambient air PM10 in an urban site of Zaragoza (Spain)

An assessment of the air quality of Zaragoza (Spain) was performed by determining the trace element content in airborne PM10 in a sampling campaign from July 2001 to July 2002. Samples were collected in a heavy traffic area with a high volume air sampler provided with a PM10 cutoff inlet. The levels of 16 elements (Al, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sr, V, and Zn) were quantified after collecting the PM10 on Teflon-coated glass fiber filters (GFF). Regarding the PM10, 32% exceedance of the proposed PM10 daily limit was obtained, some of them corresponding to summer and autumn periods. The limit values of toxic trace elements from US-EPA, WHO, and EC were not exceeded, considering Zaragoza as a moderately polluted city under the current air quality guidelines. The contribution of anthropogenic sources to atmospheric elemental levels was reflected by the high values of enrichment factors for Zn, Pb, and Cu compared to the average crustal composition. Statistical analyses also determined the contribution of different sources to the PM10, finding that vehicle traffic and anthropogenic emissions related to combustion and industrial processes were the main pollutant sources as well as natural sources associated with transport of dust from Africa for specific dates. Regarding the influence of meteorological conditions on PM10 and trace elements concentrations, it was found that calm weather conditions with low wind speed favor the PM10 collection and the pollution for trace elements, suggesting the influence of local sources.     

Minerals and trace elements in a collection of wheat landraces from the Canary Islands

Phosphorous, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and Se were determined in eighteen wheat landraces from Canary Islands and a commercial cultivar. The mean values obtained were: P (2370 ± 333 mg/kg); Na (102 ± 52 mg/kg); K (4363 ± 386 mg/kg); Ca (351 ± 62 mg/kg); Mg (1163 ± 155 mg/kg); Fe (40.0 ± 5.5 mg/kg); Cu (2.68 ± 0.93 mg/kg); Zn (32.1 ± 2.9 mg/kg); Mn (22.1 ± 3.5 mg/kg); Se (67.7 ± 40.4 μg/kg). There were differences (P < 0.05) in the mineral and trace element between the analyzed cultivars, and between the species and subspecies of wheats. Therefore, the Triticum aestivum species had higher mean P, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn concentrations, and a lower mean Se concentration, than Triticum turgidum species. The environment and agronomic practices could affect the genetic information of the seeds determining changes in the mineral and trace element composition. The wheat represents an excellent source of Mn (over 100% of recommended dietary intake, RDI), as well as P, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Se (20–50% of RDI). Many correlations were found between the parameters analyzed emphasizing the Cu–Mg (r = 0.691) and Cu–Mn (r = 0.619) correlations. Linear discriminant analysis allowed a good differentiation of the wheat samples according to the cultivar (89.7% of wheat samples classified correctly).     

稀土元素钐对小鼠学习记忆及脑内微量元素的影响

[目的]探讨稀土元素钐的长期摄入对小鼠学习记忆能力及脑内微量元素含量的影响。[方法]通过在饮水中加入硝酸钐(0、5、50、500和2000mg／L)使小白鼠染毒,3个月后用Y-迷宫测定学习记忆能力;用电感耦合等离子体原子发射法(ICP-AES)测定脑内微量元素Ca、Cu、Mg、Mn、Ni、Fe、Zn的含量。[结果]硝酸钐染毒后,小鼠达到学会标准所需训练次数增加,记忆保持率下降;脑内Ca、Mn、Cu、Mg的含量增加,而Fe、zn、Ni的含量下降。[结论]钐的长期摄入对脑功能有明显的损伤作用,影响脑内微量元素的吸收、分布和平衡。     

胡椒根金属元素含量分析

用硝酸和双氧水的混合消解液作为消解剂,采用微波消解技术处理胡椒根,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了广东、海南、广西、云南四个产区胡椒根中锌、锰、铁、铜、钾、钠、钙、镁、镍、铅、铬等金属元素含量。结果表明,测定方法标准曲线线性较好(r=0.9956～0.9998),回收率在91%～119%之间,RSD在0.64%～6.01%之间,测定结果满意。不同产地胡椒根金属含量分布有差异,各地区的胡椒根中营养元素钾、钠、钙、镁、铁、锰含量普遍较丰富,广西和云南的胡椒根中铅含量稍高,但有害重金属元素铜、铅、铬的含量均低于限量标准。