腹腔镜下手术治疗妊娠期急性阑尾炎的体会

目的比较腹腔镜手术与开腹手术治疗妊娠期急性阑尾炎的效果。方法将2012-07—2014-08间收治的48例妊娠期急性阑尾炎患者随机分为2组,各24例。对照组行开腹阑尾切除术,观察组行腹腔镜下手术,对比2组患者治疗效果、新生儿和妊娠结局。结果观察组患者手术时间、术中出血量、排气时间、住院时间及术后切口感染率均低于对照组,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组患者新生儿妊娠结局比较,差异无统计学意义。结论腹腔镜下阑尾切除术治疗妊娠期急性阑尾炎创伤小、效果好且安全。     

开腹及免气腹腹腔镜阑尾切除术对妊娠期急性阑尾炎孕妇预后的影响

目的探讨开腹及免气腹腹腔镜阑尾切除术对妊娠期急性阑尾炎孕妇预后的影响。方法随机将2016-03—2018-01间收治的80例妊娠期急性阑尾炎孕妇分为2组,各40例。对照组行开腹阑尾切除术,观察组行免气腹腹腔镜阑尾切除术。结果观察组手术时间、住院时间、下床时间、出血量均较对照组短(少),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组术前CRP、TNF-α、IL-6差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后2组以上指标均呈现上升趋势,但对照组上升幅度高于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后1个月2组正常妊娠率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论免气腹腹腔镜阑尾切除术治疗妊娠期急性阑尾炎,较开腹手术安全有效,预后好。     

腹腔镜探查并阑尾切除术治疗异位阑尾炎19例临床分析

目的 探讨异位阑尾炎的临床表现、诊断要点及腹腔镜治疗的策略.方法 对新疆医科大学第二附属医院2011年4月-2015年4月间收治的19例异位阑尾炎的临床资料进行回顾性分析,总结其临床表现、诊治、腹腔镜探查指征及腹腔镜阑尾切除术的技巧.所有患者均在气管插管全麻下行腹腔镜探查＋腹腔镜阑尾切除术.结果 19例患者中,术前有16例经B超检查得到确诊,B超确诊率为92.63％;3例急性局限性腹膜炎患者术前误诊,分别为右侧肾结石、急性胆囊炎、右侧附件炎各1例;中转开腹手术2例,手术中转率为10.53％.术中出血5～ 20 mL,术后9h下床活动,12 h进全流质饮食;平均住院时间4d.戳孔处感染1例,全腹腔镜手术的并发症发病率为5.27％,术后随访12 ～18个月未发现其他远期并发症.结论 异位阑尾炎无特异性的临床表现,易误诊.辅助检查中,超声检查是诊断异位阑尾炎的首选检查手段.腹腔镜探查术＋腹腔镜阑尾切除术是急诊治疗异位阑尾炎的理想术式,值得临床推广.     

腹腔镜阑尾切除术治疗妊娠期急性阑尾炎体会

目的探讨妊娠期急性阑尾炎实施腹腔镜阑尾切除术(LA)的效果。方法将56例实施阑尾切除术的妊娠期急性阑尾炎患者分为2组。对照组35例行开腹手术,观察组21例行LA。比较2组的手术效果。随访1~10个月,对比2组新生儿和妊娠的结局。结果观察组手术时间、术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、切口感染率及住院时间均少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组新生儿及妊娠的结局差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对妊娠期阑尾炎患者实施LA,手术创伤小,并发症少,效果优于开腹手术。早期诊断和及时手术是改善母婴预后的重要保证。     

腹腔镜阑尾切除术临床价值再探讨

目的再次探讨腹腔镜阑尾切除术的手术价值。方法收集川北医学院附属医院普通外科2009年4月至2010年12月期间收治的已行阑尾切除术的阑尾炎患者共200例的临床资料,比较行腹腔镜阑尾切除术(腹腔镜组)和开腹阑尾切除术(开腹组)患者的手术时间、术后住院时间、住院费用、术后肛门排气时间、术后疼痛得分、手术并发症等。结果腹腔镜组8例患者中转开腹。腹腔镜组住院费用高于开腹组(P<0.05);慢性阑尾炎、急性单纯性阑尾炎、发病36 h内的急性化脓性阑尾炎在腹腔镜组较开腹组手术时间短、术后住院时间短、肛门排气时间较早、术后疼痛轻(P<0.05);超过36 h的急性化脓性阑尾炎及急性坏疽性阑尾炎2组在术后住院时间、肛门排气时间、术后疼痛方面差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);急性坏疽性阑尾炎在腹腔镜组手术时间较开腹组长(P<0.05),但腹腔镜组切口感染率较开腹组低(P<0.05)。结论慢性阑尾炎、急性单纯性阑尾炎、发病36 h内的急性化脓性阑尾炎经腹腔镜阑尾切除术治疗效果确切,优点突出,应用价值明确;而对于发病超过36 h的急性化脓性阑尾炎及急性坏疽性阑尾炎腹腔镜阑尾切除术手术操作困难,中转率高,术后恢复较开腹手术没有明显优势,并且增加了医疗费用,应用价值不大。     

妊娠期急性阑尾炎腹腔镜阑尾切除术效果观察

目的比较妊娠期急性阑尾炎腹腔镜阑尾切除术(LA)和开放阑尾切除术的效果。方法选取2017-05—2019-04间收治的36例妊娠期急性阑尾炎患者,将行开放阑尾切除术的患者作为开腹组,将行LA的患者作为腔镜组,各18例。回顾性分析患者的临床资料。结果腔镜组手术时间、术中出血量,以及术后切口感染率、缩宫素抑制剂使用率、胃肠功能恢复时间和住院时间均优于开腹组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。开腹组发生8例先兆流产,对照组无1例先兆流产,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对妊娠期急性阑尾炎患者实施LA,创伤小、术后恢复快、妊娠结局好。宜尽早实施手术。     

妊娠期急性阑尾炎的围手术期处理

总结妊娠期急性阑尾炎围手术期治疗的体会。１９９１－１９９６年共收治妊娠合并急性阑尾炎１９例，其中手术治疗１３例，１３例急诊手术患者均痊愈出院。作者认为妊娠期急性阑尾炎影响胎儿存活的危险不是阑尾切除本身，而是由延误诊断或延误手术所致。     

急性阑尾炎腹腔镜阑尾切除术23例临床分析

目的探讨急性阑尾炎腹腔镜阑尾切除术的可行性。方法对23例急性阑尾炎患者行腹腔镜阑尾切除手术。回顾性分析患者的临床资料。结果 19例顺利完成手术,中转开腹4例。手术平均时间41 min。平均住院时间6 d。腹腔镜患者未发生切口感染,中转开腹患者2例发生切口感染。结论急性阑尾炎腹腔镜阑尾切除术并发症少,可明显缩短病程。     

急性阑尾炎腹腔镜下阑尾切除术疗效观察

目的分析腹腔镜阑尾切除术治疗急性阑尾炎的临床疗效。方法将80例符合手术指征的急性阑尾炎患者随机分为对照组(行传统开腹手术)和腹腔镜组(腹腔镜阑尾切除术)两组,每组40例。比较两组平均手术时间、术后并发症、术后排气时间及住院时间。结果两组术后并发症、术后排气及住院时间差异有统计学意义(P0.05),平均手术时间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜阑尾切除术治疗急性阑尾炎术后并发症发生率及住院时间均优于开腹手术。     

妊娠期应用腹腔镜治疗阑尾炎的临床体会

目的:探讨妊娠期合并阑尾炎应用腹腔镜治疗的临床可行性。方法:对比分析2010年3月至2014年6月为113例妊娠期合并阑尾炎患者分别行腹腔镜阑尾切除术(n=28)及传统阑尾切除术(n=85)的手术疗效。结果:腹腔镜手术组23例顺利切除阑尾,5例中转开腹,手术时间30~60 min,术后住院2~4 d,切口感染1例(中转开腹),诱发早产1例(中转开腹),随访至产后母子均平安。传统手术组均顺利切除阑尾,手术时间30~90 min,术后住院7~19 d,切口感染7例,盆腔积液3例,诱发早产1例,流产2例。结论:妊娠期合并阑尾炎应用腹腔镜治疗明显优于传统开腹手术,手术成功率高,疗效好,并发症少,值得临床推广应用。     

妊娠期急性阑尾炎72例临床分析

目的 探讨妊娠期急性阑尾炎的临床特点、诊治方法和术后并发症.方法 回顾性分析6年间72例妊娠期急性阑尾炎的临床资料.结果 早期妊娠合并急性阑尾炎13例,中期47例,晚期12例.右下腹痛47例,右下腹压痛42例、反跳痛23例、肌紧张12例.B型超声征象异常31例(43％).手术49例(68％),保守治愈23例(32％)....     

Laparoscopy reduces unnecessary appendicectomies and improves diagnosis in fertile women

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to study the value of diagnostic laparoscopy prospectively in fertile women scheduled for acute appendectomy. METHODS: For this study, 110 women, with acute abdominal pain ages 15 to 47 years, in whom the surgeon had decided to perform an appendectomy, were randomized to either open appendectomy or diagnostic laparoscopy, then open appendectomy if necessary. RESULTS: Appendicitis was diagnosed in 66% of the women after open surgery, and in 73% after laparoscopy. During laparoscopy, was appendicitis misdiagnosed in only 7% of the women, from whom the appendix unnecessarily removed, whereas 34% in the open surgery group had a healthy appendix removed. No appendicitis was missed in the laparoscopic group. The relative risk of removing a healthy appendix in open surgery was 6.6 relative risk (range, 2-21 C.I.) as compared with laparoscopy. Among the women with a healthy appendix, a gynecologic diagnosis was found in 73% after laparoscopy, as compared with 17% after open surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopy reduces unnecessary appendectomies and improves diagnosis in fertile women.     

Acute appendicitis

Acute appendicitis is inflammation of the vermiform appendix. It is the commonest general surgical emergency in children and young adults, yet its diagnosis can still confound even the most skilled surgeon due to its highly variable presentation of appendicitis, with fewer than 50% of patients exhibiting classical features. Taking a detailed history and performing a careful examination remains the cornerstone of diagnosis. Urinalysis and blood tests, particularly C-reactive protein, are useful adjuncts and are performed routinely. Radiological imaging, commonly ultrasound and computed tomography scans, also have a role when the diagnosis is unclear and/or other common conditions need to be excluded, such as gynaecological pathology in young females. Nevertheless 20% of appendices removed in UK are histologically normal. Appendicitis scoring systems may further assist in stratifying risk and increasing the accuracy of diagnosis. Recently, there has been growing interest in non-surgical management of appendicitis, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Antibiotics alone have been used to successfully treat uncomplicated appendicitis (without perforation, abscess or gangrene) in the short-term, however nearly 40% of these cases eventually require appendicectomy. Surgery, usually laparoscopic appendicectomy, remains the treatment of choice for acute appendicitis and non-operative management is reserved for specific cases.     

First case of villous adenoma of the appendix leading to acute appendicitis presenting as strangulated femoral hernia: changes in management owing to concurrent adenoma

A 78-year-old lady presented with signs and symptoms of a strangulated femoral hernia. Peri-operatively she was found to have appendicitis within the hernia sac. Appendicectomy and non-mesh hernia repair were performed. Histology revealed acute inflammation and a villous adenoma of the appendix. Villous adenomas of the vermiform appendix are extremely rare tumours of the gastrointestinal tract. This is the first case combining two very rare pathologies—acute appendicitis presenting as strangulated femoral hernia and villous adenoma of the appendix. Early diagnosis and surgery are required to avoid high morbidity of perforated appendicitis within a femoral hernia. First, we discuss the diagnosis and surgical treatment of acute appendicitis within a femoral hernia. Second, the presence of an adenoma changes the aetiology of appendicitis. More importantly, changes in surgical management of acute appendicitis presenting as a strangulated femoral hernia owing to a co-existing adenoma are discussed.     

急性阑尾炎诊治策略

急性阑尾炎是最常见的外科急症之一，阑尾切除术是最常实施的外科手术之一。通过诊断性影像技术，如超声、CT和MRI，并结合临床表现与实验室指标，可以做出准确的诊断并评估其病理学类型，以避免延误诊治；并且据此分层或辨别出复杂性急性阑尾炎，以决策手术治疗还是保守治疗。阑尾脓肿、孕期阑尾炎和复发性阑尾炎等须根据病人特殊情况予以诊治。急性阑尾炎诊治目的在于提供符合以病人为中心的治疗决策，以减轻病人的痛苦、节省医疗资源以及减少并发症。     

Laparoscopic procedure for suspected appendicitis

Between September 1990 and December 1993, 283 consecutive patients were admitted with clinical symptoms of acute appendicitis. These patients underwent primary laparoscopic approach so that an appendicectomy could be performed by this method. In 49 cases (17.3%), primary laparoscopic examination corrected the preoperative diagnosis and the appendix was left in situ. Appendicectomy was performed in 234 cases (149 women, 85 men) with a mean age of 30 years. Requirement for open surgery occurred in 29 cases. The main cause of unsuccessful procedures was inflammation due to local or generalized peritonitis. Median operative time for a successful procedure was 60 min (range, 25–160). Four postoperative complications (one related to laparoscopic procedure), one case of wound infection, and no mortality resulted. After laparoscopic appendicectomy, the median hospital stay was 3 days (range, 1–16). These results suggest that a laparoscopic approach for suspected appendicitis is reliable, allowing abdominal exploration and safe appendicectomy.     

Diagnosis of appendicitis in pregnancy

Background

The diagnosis of appendicitis in pregnant patients is challenging.

Methods

The records of pregnant patients with suspected appendicitis were reviewed.

Results

Forty-seven patients with suspected appendicitis were identified. Twenty-four patients did not undergo surgery. Twenty-three patients had ultrasound (US), none of which visualized the appendix. Seventeen patients were followed up clinically and improved. Six patients had a negative computed tomography (CT) and none required surgery. Twenty-three patients underwent surgery for presumed appendicitis. Three patients had no imaging. Twelve patients had US only; US was positive in 5 patients and all had appendicitis. Seven patients who underwent surgery had a nondiagnostic US. One patient had appendicitis. Seven patients had a positive CT and appendicitis at surgery. One patient had a positive US and magnetic resonance imaging, and had appendicitis. A total of 43 patients had US, of which 86% were nondiagnostic. Six US were read as positive and all patients had appendicitis. Thirteen patients had CT with no false-positive or false-negative results.

Conclusions

US, when read as positive, requires no further confirmatory test other than surgery. If US is nondiagnostic, further imaging may avoid a negative appendectomy.     

经脐单孔法行腹腔镜阑尾切除术26例临床报告

目的总结经脐单孔法行腹腔镜阑尾切除术（LA）的治疗经验。方法回顾性分析2011年1～3月30例急、慢性阑尾炎患者的临床资料,所有患者行经脐单孔法LA。结果所有手术顺利完成,26例行经脐单孔法LA,3例行两孔法LA,1例行三孔法LA,无中转开腹。脐部切口12～15mm,手术时间12—55min,平均21．5min。住院时间2～10d,平均4d。术后出现炎性肠梗阻2例,均于术后10d内治愈出院。无切口感染,出院1个月后查看腹部切口隐蔽。结论经脐单孔法行LA是安全可行的,具有微创、美观、疗效确切等优点,手术操作难度较传统IA低,值得在临床开展。     

Appendicitis in infancy

One percent (40 infants) of all the children treated for acute appendicitis at Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children presented during the first 2 yr of life. Nineteen of the 40 children had an appendix mass at the time of the diagnosis. Conservative management of the appendix mass followed by delayed elective appendectomy is a safe and effective method of treatment.     

Laparoscopic evaluation of patients with suspected acute appendicitis

Background: High error rates are reported in the clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis. This study was undertaken to discover what additional value laparoscopy has in the diagnosis of suspected acute appendicitis. Methods: From April 1995 to November 1996, a diagnostic laparoscopy, before open appendicectomy, was performed in 100 consecutive patients with suspected acute appendicitis. Appendicectomy was performed only if the appendix showed signs of inflammation at laparoscopy or if the appendix could not be visualized. Results: Twenty-four patients were spared an appendicectomy, and in half of them a new diagnosis was established during laparoscopy. The rate of misdiagnosis was 41% in female patients of reproductive age and 8% in male patients. There were no cases of missed appendicitis in this trial, and all removed appendices showed signs of inflammation at histology. Conclusions: It is safe to rely on the diagnosis made at laparoscopy. Its use for establishing diagnosis before appendicectomy in women of reproductive age is recommended. Received: 13 June 1997/Accepted: 24 October 1997