云南省哈尼族头面部器官微机测量研究

目的 对云南省特有少数民族哈尼族头面部器官进行全面系统地测量研究。方法 采用自行研制的头面部摄像-计算机测量系统，对云南省正常哈尼族成人163人进行了头面部器官全面系统的测量研究。其中男性101人，女性62人。结果 得出了哈尼族成年男女两性头面部器官41个测量项目的正常值和17个头部指数的资料，并以5个头面部指数对头型，面型和鼻型进行了分类。结论 该研究不仅对临床医学和美学研究有重要意义，而且对人类学，民族学和工业等相关学科也有重要的参考价值。     

云南省拉祜族头面部器官微机测量研究

目的　拉祜族是云南省特有少数民族之一 ,有关拉祜族头面部器官全面系统的测量研究至今尚未见报道。方法　本研究采用自行研制的头面部摄像一计算机测量系统 ,对云南省红河哈尼族彝族自治州金平县者米拉祜族自治乡 189名正常拉祜族成人进行了头面部器官全面系统的测量研究 ,其中成年男性 10 0人 ,成年女性 89人。结果　得出了拉祜族成年男女两性头面部器官 4 1个测量项目的正常值和 17个头部指数的资料。结论　该研究不仅对临床医学和美学研究有重要意义 ,而且对人类学、民族学和工业等相关学科也有重要的参考价值。     

云南省阿昌族正常成人容貌软组织测量

目的:为人体测量学提供阿昌族正常成人容貌软组织测量数据。方法:采用自行研制的头面部摄像)计算机测量系统,对云南省德宏傣族景颇族自治州陇川县196名阿昌族正常成人进行容貌软组织全面系统的测量研究。结果:获得阿昌族成年男女头面部器官容貌软组织41个测量项目的正常值和17个头部指数值。结论:阿昌族正常成人容貌软组织测量数据对临床医学和美学研究,以及人类学、民族学和工业等相关学科有重要参考价值。     

正常咬合人唇部形态的X线头影测量研究

Hambleton、Burston等人通过X线头影测量研究,发现唇部形态及其变化在面部美学评估中起着十分重要的作用,并且正畸治疗引起的牙齿位移对口唇的影响最大。由于唇部形态位置及其变化在面部美学中的重要作用,很多学者利用X线头影测量技术对此进行了深入的研究,本文以西安市112名正常咬合儿童为研究对象,来研究西安市正常咬合儿童的唇部形态及位置特征,以供临床参考。     

外科正畸中X线头影测量分析方法：1.颅基位X线头影测量分析

本文研究了7d名正常(牙合)汉族青年的颅基位X线头影测量片,就选择参考中线、计算面部对称程度及在外科正畸中的应用等问题进行了研究,结论如下:(1)颅基位X线头影测量片与侧位及正位X线头影测量片结合,可以全面地分析面部畸形;(2)以Ba至FH垂线为参考中线是比较合理的;(3)本文提出面部结构偏离度及偏差的概念及计算方法,可用于分析面部结构的影称程度;(4)正常人中面部结构偏离度小于10％,面部结构偏差小于21mm;(5)提出了以上、中、下面部结构为基础的外科正畸X线头影测量分析方法。     

正畸头影测量的结构重叠法

头影测量重叠是一种通过同一个体不同时间x线侧位片的重叠,来评价生长或治疗对颅面部作用的方法。头影测量的结构重叠法由Bj?rk等人提出,它基于颅面部不随时间变化的稳定结构进行重叠。本文介绍头影测量重叠的发展历史及重叠要点,综述其有效性、可靠性的相关研究,为正畸治疗评价及纵向发育研究提供依据。     

正常He人颅面骨骼侧貌面积的研究

本研究目的是探讨颅面结构比例的变化规律，查明４岁儿童和成人之间不同年龄的颅面部的生长趋势，生长量极。本研究样本包括１０４名男性和１０５名女性的汉族正常Ｈｅ人。采用Ｘ莼头影测量－电子计算机系统进行测量分析，测定颅面部侧位投影面积扔正常值和变异范围。结果表明：同面积存在性性别差异，男大于女，出生后颌面部的生长发育快于颅部，且以后颌面区明显。随着年龄的增大，颅面面积比例降低。     

自然头位X线头影测量研究

本研究的目的在于对自然头位片和标准头颅定位片的头影测量分析结果进行比较性研究。样本包括61名11－16岁的错患者，其中男性24名，女性37名。每位患者各拍摄一张自然头位片和标准头颅定位片。结果显示：①在面部结构的测量值上，两种摄片的测量结果无显著性差异。②在自然头位时的领颈角与面部结构的测量值的相关关系比标准头颅定位片的密切。③在自然头位片时引入颅外参考平面后的测量结果与头位的相关关系的较为密切。     

正常人群面部软组织三维测量与X线头影测量的相关性分析

目的　比较正常的面部软组织三维测量与X线头影测量结果。方法　应用面部软组织数字化立体摄影测量与X线头影测量对标准正常进行面部软组织三维测量,并进行相关性分析。结果　面部软组织三维测量项目与对应的X线头影测量项目具备相关性。结论　面部软组织三维测量结果能够部分的反映其下硬组织的情况。     

成人高低角骨面型横向颅面结构的比较研究

目的 比较成人高低角骨面型横向颅面结构的差异。方法 37例年龄在18～22岁之间的高低角骨面型成人为研究对象，拍摄后前位X线片，使用Winceph 8．0头影测量分析与图像数据管理系统，选取了29个测量项目进行头影测量分析。结果 高低角骨面型颅面宽度差别不大；低角骨面型牙弓较宽，高角骨面型牙弓较窄；面中部和髁突的开张程度低角骨面型较大；全面高、上面高和下面高与面宽之比高角骨面型大于低角骨面型。结论 成人高低角骨面型面部特征区别明显，高角骨面型面型窄长，低角骨面型面型短宽；面部的比例关系与线距的绝对值相比，能够更好地反映高低角骨面型的面部特征。     

Cephalometric comparisons between Chinese and Caucasian patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

The purpose of this study was to compare two groups of adult men from different ethnic backgrounds and with obstructive sleep apnea; they were selected by matching age, gender, skeletal pattern, body mass index, and respiratory disturbance index. Pretreatment cephalometric radiographs and overnight polysomnograms of 30 Chinese and 43 Caucasian patients with Class II, Division 1 malocclusions were analyzed to investigate if there were craniofacial and upper airway structural differences between the two ethnic groups. The Chinese group, when compared with the group of Caucasian patients, revealed more severe underlying craniofacial skeletal discrepancies with significantly smaller maxilla and mandibles, more severe mandibular retrognathism, proclined lower incisors, increased total and upper facial heights, and steeper and shorter anterior cranial bases. However, no significant differences were found between the two groups in posterior facial height, ratio of upper to lower anterior facial height, and the position of hyoid bone, maxilla, and upper incisors. With regard to soft tissue and upper airway measurements, there were no significant ethnic differences in tongue and soft palate size, vertical length of oropharynx, and anteroposterior dimensions of the upper airway at most of the levels except for a larger super-posterior airway space, a larger nasopharynx and oropharynx cross-sectional area, and a smaller tongue height in the Chinese group. We conclude that there are a number of craniofacial and upper airway structures that differ between the two ethnic groups that may be relevant to the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in various ethnic groups.     

A comparative cephalometric investigation of the Greek craniofacial pattern through 4,000 years

A comparative cephalometric investigation was conducted between modern and ancient Greeks to determine craniofacial characteristics and to examine the significance of ethnic heritage. The modern sample was composed of 54 individuals chosen on the basis of ethnic background, normal occlusion and facial harmony. The ancient sample consisted of 40 skulls with normal occlusion dated back to the Minoan civilization (ca. 1,800-1,200 B.C.). A remarkable similarity in craniofacial morphology was revealed between the two groups, suggesting a close genetic affinity between modern and ancient Greeks. The ability of the craniofacial complex to make compensatory or balancing changes was noted. The craniofacial complex was seen to function as an integrated biological entity. Moreover, the cranial base showed a definite influence on skeletal profile configuration. These results provide a more comprehensive understanding of how craniofacial variables interact and contribute to the morphology of the dentofacial skeleton.     

中国新石器时代人X线头影测量分析

作者所用标本系中国江苏常州博物馆发掘的人类遗骨中5例完整的头颅标本，经中国科学院考古研究所^15C测定为公元前4750——3700年,迄今约6000年左右．相当于新石器时代晚期中原仰韶文化，在5例完整头颅标本上根据Bjork、Dowsn Wylie和Steiner方法测量，测得的16项指标结果与同期的希腊人头影测量资料进行比较分析，表明；在新石器时代中国人和希腊人是二种人种，在4000年以前颅颌牙之间就有明显的差别。同时也提供了新石器时代中国人一些头影测量的数据资料。     

Craniofacial profile angles in caucasians and negroes

This study was based on 50 male and 50 female adult British caucasian and 50 male and 50 female adult British negro cephalographs. These latter, although of West African parentage, had been born and spent the whole of their lives in the United Kingdom. Univariate analysis of individual angles showed that the craniofacial profile angles were, in general, greater in negroes than caucasians. From multivariate analysis of the data, however, significant contrasts between negro and caucasian males and between negro and caucasian females were evident, although within each ethnic group there was no significant sexual dimorphism. This study, therefore, emphasized the value of regarding the craniofacial profile as a whole rather than analysing each angle individually.     

A mixed longitudinal anthropometric study of craniofacial growth of Colombian mestizos 6-17 years of age

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the craniofacial growth of Colombian mestizos. Four age cohorts, including a total of 458 children and adolescents (262 males and 216 females), were included in this mixed-longitudinal study. The cohorts were first measured at ages 6, 9, 12, and 15 and every year thereafter for 3 years. Eight anthropometric measurements were taken, including three cranial (head perimeter, head width, and head length), two craniofacial (maxillary and mandibular length), and three facial (face height, bizygomatic width, and bigonial width). Multilevel analyses showed that all dimensions increased between 6 and 17 years of age. The cranium grew less than the craniofacial, which in turn grew less than the facial dimensions. In addition, vertical dimensions showed more growth than antero-posterior dimensions, which in turn grew more than transverse dimensions. None of the measurement showed statistically significant growth differences between subjects with normal occlusion and Class I or Class II malocclusions. Males were generally larger than females and showed greater growth rates. Except for facial width, whose yearly velocities decreased regularly with age, an adolescent growth spurt was evident for most of the male measurements. Yearly velocities for females followed a simpler decelerating pattern. The results provide reference data for Colombian mestizos, for whom normative data of other ethnic groups are not applicable. While occlusion had little or no effect, there were gender differences, as well as important growth differences between cranial and facial measurements.     

改良支撑材料小鼠颅颌面器官体外培养系统的建立

目的探讨改良支撑材料小鼠颅颌面器官体外培养的可行性及适宜条件。方法分离出生后0．5：天（PN0．5）的C57BL小鼠颅颌面部分器官（下颌磨牙、下颌下腺、舌）,在由有机树脂片作为支撑物的6孔板中体外培养3天,组织学切片HE染色,观察所培养器官的生长发育情况和形态学变化,并且与PN0．5和PN3．5小鼠的相应器官进行组织学比较。结果相对于：PN0．5的颅颌面器官结构,器官培养3天后下颌磨牙、下颌下腺和舌等器官体积增大,并有不同程度的发育,细胞有不同程度的增殖和分化。体外3天培养器官的发育要落后于PN3．5的实际生长。结论本研究初步探索并建立了小鼠颅颌面器官树脂支撑物体外培养系统。