Clinical Research Regarding the Ratio of Lymph Node Metastasis and the Reasonable Extent of Lymphadenectomy in Middle Third Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

OBJECTIVE To explore the extent of lymphadenectomy deemed reasonable by analyzing the influence of the regular pattern and ratio of lymph node metastasis on the prognosis of the patients with middle third thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.METHODS Clinical data from 129 patients with middle third thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent curative esophagectomy with modern two-field lymphadenectomy were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS The rate of lymphatic metastasis in EC patients was 56.6% in all groups, and the ratio of lymph node metastasis (RLNM, i.e. positive nodes/total dissected nodes) was 11.3%, with a lymphatic metastasis rate of 43.4% in the superior mediastinum.The most commonly involved regions included the sites around the esophagus, the right recurrent laryngeal nerve and the left-sided blood vessels of stomach, as well as the cardia and the inferior tracheal protuberance. The main factors influencing lymphatic metastasis were the depth of tumor infiltration,differentiation of tumor cells and the size of the tumor. The 5-year survival rate for patients in the groups without lymphatic metastasis, with a RLNM ≤ 20%, and a metastasis ratio > 20% was 50.4%, 31.0% and 6.8%, respectively. The differences were statistically significant among the groups (P=0.000).CONCLUSION The RLNM is one of the key factors affecting the prognosis of EC patients. For conventional therapy for patients with middle third thoracic esophageal carcinoma, modern 2-field lymphadenectomy, including node dissection in the bilateral superior mediastinum, should be performed.     

Evolutive and prognostic aspects in gastric cancer. Analysis of 189 cases

The cases of 189 patients treated at the Surgery Service for gastric carcinoma from January 1960 to December 1978 and followed until April 1984 were reviewed in terms of evolutive behavior. Correlations between sex, age, duration of symptoms, site of tumors, lymph node metastases, stage of tumors, operability, resectability, treatment and survival were attempted. With respect to age, of the patients not operated on, survival was longer for more advanced age; the opposite occurred for the group of patients who were operated on. The impairment of lymph nodes was decisive in shortening survival; men were affected more than women and had a worse prognosis. When the tumors were located in the proximal third of the stomach, the survival rate was longer than when they were located in the distal portion and middle third of the stomach. Patients who had experienced digestive symptoms for a long time survived longer than those with a short history. It was concluded that the main prognostic factor was resectability and, regardless of any other variables, only patients from the group submitted to gastric resection survived more than 5 years.     

胃混合型印戒细胞癌预后影响因素分析

目的探讨印戒细胞比例低于50%的胃混合型印戒细胞癌(SRCC)的预后及其影响因素。方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2016年12月四川省资阳市第一人民医院收治的110例接受根治性胃癌切除术、且印戒细胞比例低于50%的胃混合型SRCC患者的临床资料。对患者进行随访,随访终点为全因死亡,分析SRCC患者预后的影响因素。结果中位随访时间为32.5个月(0.9~70.0个月),中位总生存(OS)时间为40.0个月(7.0~61.0个月),3年OS率为46.5%。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,年龄≥60岁、男性、肿瘤位于胃中上部、肿瘤最大径≥5 cm、肿瘤侵犯胃壁全层、淋巴结转移、脉管神经侵犯的胃混合型SRCC患者3年OS率分别为34.3%、31.1%、30.0%、33.3%、40.7%、28.9%、37.5%,均低于年龄<60岁、女性、肿瘤位于胃下部、肿瘤最大径<5 cm、肿瘤未侵犯胃壁全层、淋巴结未转移、未发生脉管神经侵犯的患者(57.6%、57.5%、52.9%、57.6%、56.7%、74.6%、62.3%),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Cox多因素分析结果显示,年龄≥60岁(OR=1.225,95%CI 1.089~3.481,P=0.003)、淋巴结转移(OR=1.077,95%CI 1.059~2.674,P=0.034)、肿瘤侵犯胃壁全层(OR=1.342,95%CI 1.117~7.225,P=0.002)、脉管神经侵犯(OR=1.104,95%CI 1.087~2.541,P=0.018)是胃混合型SRCC患者OS的独立危险因素。结论高龄、淋巴结转移、侵犯胃壁全层、脉管神经侵犯的印戒细胞比例低于50%的胃混合型SRCC患者预后差。     

胸中段食管鳞癌淋巴结转移度及合理清扫范围的临床研究

目的:本研究通过分析胸中段食管鳞癌淋巴结转移规律及淋巴结转移度对预后的影响,探讨合理的淋巴结清扫范围.方法:对129例经现代二野淋巴结清扫术的胸中段食管鳞癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果:全组患者淋巴结转移率为56.6%,总淋巴结转移度(阳性淋巴结数/清扫淋巴结总数,LMR)为11.3%,上纵隔淋巴结转移率为43.4%.最常见的淋巴结受累区域为食管旁、右喉返神经旁、贲门及胃左血管旁、隆突下.影响淋巴结转移的主要因素为肿瘤浸润深度、分化程度及肿瘤长度.无淋巴结转移组、淋巴结转移度≤20%组和淋巴结转移度>20%组患者5年生存率分别为50.4%、31.0%和6.8%,结果差异有统计学意义(P=0.000).结论:淋巴结转移度是判断食管癌预后的一个重要因素,胸中段食管癌应该常规行包括双侧上纵隔的现代二野淋巴结清扫术.     

Aneuploidy of tumor cells in cases of gastric cancer with esophageal invasion: Another indicator of poor prognosis

The prognosis of patients with gastric cancer with esophageal invasion is extremely poor. To evaluate factors related to this poor prognosis, we analyzed 200 patients with gastric cancer located in the upper third of the stomach. These patients underwent gastrectomy and were divided into two groups in terms of the presence (E[+] group; n=62) or absence (E[-] group; n=138) of histological evidence of esophageal invasion. Even when apparently curative surgery was performed, the 5-year survival rate of patients with E[+] gastric cancer (45.8%) was significantly lower than of patients with E[-] gastric cancer (71.6%). In the E[+] group, the 5-year survival rate of patients who had tumors with infiltrative growth and DNA aneuploidy was only 10.0%. These patients had a high frequency of peritoneal metastasis at operation (5/16; 31.3%); even when apparently curative operations were performed, 50% of these patients died from peritoneal metastatic recurrence within 2 years after surgery. Gastric adenocarcinoma with esophageal invasion accompanied by infiltrative growth and DNA aneuploidy had a high potential for peritoneal metastasis. This combination is associated with the most pessimistic prognosis for patients with gastric cancer with esophageal invasion. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Flow cytometry as a predictive indicator in patients with operable gastric cancer

Adenocarcinoma of the proximal portion of the stomach (gastroesophageal [GE] junction and cardia) is increasing in incidence. The inferior survival of patients with GE-cardia lesions as compared with patients with tumors located in the body and antrum has been attributed to anatomic features. To determine if a biological difference could explain the varying prognosis, flow cytometric studies were performed prospectively in 50 patients with operable gastric cancer and analyzed for association with site, histology, gender, age, stage, and disease-free survival. DNA aneuploidy significantly correlated with tumor location: 96% of GE-cardia carcinomas were aneuploid as compared with 48% of body-antrum tumors (P = .0008). Nodal involvement was more common in aneuploid tumors (P = .0548), and women were more likely to have diploid tumors than were men (P = .0233). The median disease-free survival for patients with diploid tumors was 18.5 months as compared with 5.4 months for patients with aneuploid carcinomas (P = .076). Furthermore, within the body-antrum of the stomach, patients with diploid tumors had a significantly better disease-free survival than did those with aneuploid tumors from the same site (18.4 v 4.7 months, P = .0185). These results indicate there is a difference in the DNA content of gastric tumors located in different sites within the stomach and that DNA content correlates with prognosis.     

Pathology and prognosis of gastric carcinoma: well versus poorly differentiated type

BACKGROUND: The most important parameters predicting outcome of patients with gastric carcinoma are the depth of wall invasion and the status of lymph node metastasis, but the prognostic significance of histologic type is unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the prognostic value of two major histologic types of gastric carcinoma, that is well and poorly differentiated types. METHODS: Histopathologic findings and outcomes of 504 patients with gastric carcinoma were evaluated by well and poorly differentiated types. Well differentiated gastric carcinoma (WGC) included papillary and tubular adenocarcinomas, poorly differentiated medullary carcinoma, and well differentiated mucinous carcinoma; whereas poorly differentiated gastric carcinoma (PGC) included poorly differentiated scirrhous carcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, and poorly differentiated mucinous carcinoma. RESULTS: Patients with WGC were characterized by old age, male predominance, tumor location in the lower third of the stomach, small tumor size, and liver metastasis; whereas patients with PGC were distinguished by their tumor location in the middle third of the stomach, serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis, advanced stage, and peritoneal dissemination. The overall 5-year survival rate for patients with WGC was higher than that for patients with PGC (76% vs. 67%; P = 0.058), especially for patients with >/= 10 cm tumors (42% vs. 14%; P = 0.017). The 5-year survival rate for patients with serosa positive but node negative tumors was higher in WGC patients than in PGC patients (83% vs. 59%; P = 0.086); whereas the 5-year survival rate for patients with serosa negative but node positive tumors was lower in WGC patients than in PGC patients (63% vs. 88%; P = 0.008). Multivariate analysis indicated that among pathologic variables of the tumor, histologic type (WGC vs. PGC) was one of the independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: Histologic type is important for estimating the tumor progression and outcomes of patients with gastric carcinoma. In addition to the depth of wall invasion and status of lymph node metastasis, histologic type, including well or poorly differentiated type, should be evaluated in the management of gastric cancer.     

临床因素及分子水平参数作为乳腺癌预后指标意义

目的　探讨临床因素及分子水平参数与乳腺癌预后关系。方法　回顾分析 1 995年 1月～ 1 997年 1 2月间可切除 ,有免疫组化指标的乳腺癌 97例。多因素分析 :Cox比例风险模型。结果　淋巴结转移 ,肿块位置、大小 ,c erb B2及PCNA是影响预后的重要因素。 5项指标联合预测值 (PI值 )低危组 1年 ,2年 ,3年的生存率为 1 0 0 % ,1 0 0 % ,1 0 0 % ,中危组为 95 % ,86 % ,78% ,高危组为 85 % ,60 % ,46 % ;低危组 1年 ,2年 ,3年无复发率为 98% ,94% ,94% ,中危组为 96 % ,83 % ,56 % ,高危组为81 % ,41 % ,1 7%。结论　淋巴结转移 ,肿块位置、大小 ,c erb B2 ,PCNA成为乳腺癌有效的独立的预后指标 ,PI值更有助于高危患者的筛选。     

胃肠道间质瘤肝转移患者肝转移和预后的影响因素分析--基于SEER数据库的回顾性研究

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤肝转移患者肝转移和预后的影响因素。方法收集监测、流行病学、最终结果(SEER)数据库中2010-2015年的2684例胃肠道间质瘤患者的病历资料,根据是否发生肝转移分为肝转移组(191例)和非肝转移组(2493例),评估临床特征与胃肠道间质瘤肝转移及预后的关系。结果Logistic回归分析结果显示肿瘤分化差(OR=1.31,95%CI=1.09~1.59,P=0.005)、肿瘤大小﹥5 cm(OR=2.55,95%CI=1.78~3.65,P﹤0.01)和淋巴结转移(OR=2.39,95%CI=1.84~3.12,P﹤0.01)增加胃肠道间质瘤肝转移发生风险。肝转移患者生存时间明显短于非肝转移患者,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。肿瘤大小﹥5 cm(HR=1.881,95%CI=1.432~2.469,P=0.000)、淋巴结转移(HR=1.326,95%CI=1.031~1.706,P=0.028)、肝转移(HR=2.090,95%CI=1.615~2.703,P=0.000)是胃肠道间质瘤患者死亡风险较高的预后因素。亚组分析结果显示,原发部位在胃、种族为白种人和黑种人的胃肠道间质瘤肝转移患者的预后较差(P﹤0.05)。结论肿瘤分化差、肿瘤大小﹥5 cm、淋巴结转移是胃肠道间质瘤肝转移发生的易感因素;肿瘤大小﹥5 cm、淋巴结转移、肝转移为影响胃肠道间质瘤患者预后的危险因素;肝转移是原发部位在胃的胃间质瘤患者预后的危险因素,也是种族为白种人和黑种人的胃肠道间质瘤患者预后的危险因素。发生肝转移患者的总生存较差。对于发生肝转移的高危患者,在治疗和随访过程中应加强肝转移的相关检查,采取积极的综合治疗手段。     

A clinicopathological study in young patients with gastric carcinoma.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Gastric carcinoma rarely affects young patients. This study was undertaken in order to clarify the clinicopathological features and prognosis of young patients with gastric carcinoma. METHODS: The resected 107 specimens from 105 patients younger than 30 years of age with gastric carcinoma were investigated using hematoxylin and eosin stain. RESULTS: The male:female ratio was 1:1.6. Histologically, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was the most common type (94/107, 87.9%) (P < 0.001). Most tumors were located in the middle third of the stomach (P < 0.001). All patients had depressed lesions. The 5-year survival rates of early and advanced gastric carcinoma were 100% (30/30) and 23.5% (8/34), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Characteristic clinicopathological features in young patients, such as gender ratio, tumor location, macroscopic type, and histological type, were different from those in older ones. The prognosis of early gastric carcinoma in young patients was much better than that in older patients, although the prognosis of advanced gastric carcinoma in young patients was worse than that of older patients. These findings seem to indicate that young patients with early gastric carcinoma can tolerate radical treatments well; however, the aggressiveness of lesions are emphasized in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma.     

Significant effects of preoperative intraluminal brachytherapy on the survival rate after resection of rectal carcinoma

We investigated whether or not preoperative intraluminal brachytherapy (IBT) contributes to a prolongation of the survival after resection of rectal carcinoma. Eighty-five patients with middle and lower rectal carcinoma with penetration into or through the rectal wall were treated with preoperative IBT (30 Gy) and radical resection. The patients were divided into the major effect group (n=59, proportion of remaining viable cells less than 25% of the background stroma) and the minor effect group (n=26, proportion of viable cells over 25%). The major effect group had more down-staged tumors, and a lower rate of positive nodes. Local recurrence rate, distant recurrence rate, and survival rate of the major effect group were 9% (31% in the minor effect group), 15% (55% in minor group) and 74% (36% in minor group), respectively (all parameters: p<0.05). Multivariate analysis indicated that nodal involvement, tumor depth, and proportion of viable cells were the prognostic factors. Preoperative IBT affected not only the tumor morphology but also the prognosis. Our criterion of the proportion of residual viable cells was significantly correlated to the patients' survival. The analyses revealed the positive effects of IBT on the prognosis of rectal cancer.     

原发性阴道腺癌24例临床分析

背景与目的：原发性阴道腺癌的发病率低,治疗困难,预后差。本文将对其临床特点、治疗和预后进行探讨。方法：对1964－1999年我院收治的24例原发性阴道腺癌进行回顾性分析。结果：24例原发性阴道腺癌患者的临床分期为：I期5例,Ⅱ期10例,Ⅲ期5例,Ⅳ期4例;主要临床症状为阴道流血和流水。病变位于阴道前壁8例（33．3％）,后壁5例（20．8％）,左侧壁1例（4．2％）,多壁10例（41．7％）。24例患者均行放射治疗（体外和腔内放疗）;2例同时行化疗,8例因放疗后肿瘤未控、复发或转移而行化疗。病人的3年生存率为47．3％,5年生存率为34．2％;I＋Ⅱ期病人的平均生存时间60．3个月,明显长于Ⅲ Ⅳ期病人的平均生存时间14．8个月（P＜0．01）;年龄＞40岁与≤40岁病人的平均生存时间无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。局部复发8例,占57．8％;肿瘤局部复发是治疗失败的主要原因。结论：原发性阴道腺癌采用放疗为主的综合治疗,但预后较差,分期是影响预后的重要因素。     

残胃癌的临床病理特征及预后分析

目的探讨残胃癌的临床病理特征及预后相关因素。方法回顾性分析45例残胃癌患者的临床病理资料,并进行随访。结果45例残胃癌患者的男女比例为44：1。初次手术距残胃癌的诊断时间为5～42年,平均23年。残胃病变位于吻合口28例,位于贲门9例,其余部位8例。未分化癌1例,低分化腺癌36例,中分化腺癌7例,高分化腺癌1例。根治性切除患者的1、3、5年生存率分别为100．0％、78．8％和47．2％,非根治性切除患者的1、3、5年生存率分别为62．5％、25．0％和0,两组患者生存率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。10例病变未切除患者均于2年内死亡,平均生存时间为12个月。各病理分期患者间生存率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论残胃癌多于Billroth Ⅱ式胃大部切除术后10年以上发生,男性多于女性,病变主要位于吻合口附近。进展期残胃癌病理类型以低分化腺癌常见。残胃癌的预后与病理分期、能否行根治性切除密切相关。     

胃大部分切除术与全胃切除术对胃癌患者预后影响的对比分析

目的:比较胃大部分切除术（subtotal gastrectomy,SG）与全胃切除术（total gastrectomy,TG）对胃癌患者生存的影响。方法:回顾性收集2009年12月至2017年09月间宁夏医科大学总医院入院诊治的1 903例II/III期胃癌患者的一般人口学资料、临床病理资料及预后信息，其中SG组1 020例（53.6%），TG组883例（46.4%），运用单、多因素分析两组患者生存差异及预后因素。结果:与TG组相比，SG组的总生存率较高（67.3% vs 49.0%，P＜0.001)；单、多因素分析结果均支持:年龄、临床分期、肿瘤位置、化疗等是胃癌患者的独立预后因素（P＜0.05）。进一步对肿瘤位置和分期进行分层，肿瘤位于上段Ⅱ/Ⅲ期患者的总生存差于中、下段患者（58.3% vs 66.6%、62.6%,P＜0.05）；肿瘤位于上、中段接受SG和TG的长期生存无差异，而肿瘤位于下段的III期胃癌患者行TG的5、7年长期生存高于SG（30.6% vs 17.1%，29.4% vs 3.7%，P＜0.05）。结论:与全胃切除术相比，无论肿瘤位于上、中、下段，行远端胃大部分切除术可提高Ⅱ/Ⅲ期胃癌患者短期生存率，而分化程度较差、分期较晚的下段胃癌患者，情况允许时全胃切除术可常规实行。     

The treatment and outcome of patients with soft tissue sarcomas and synchronous metastases

Introduction: There is a strong association between poor overall survival and a short disease-free interval for patients with soft tissue sarcomas (STS) and metastatic disease. Patients with STS and synchronous metastases should have a very dismal prognosis.The role of surgery in this subgroup of patients with STS has not been defined.Patients and Methods: A single-institution retrospective review was performed of 48 patients with STS and synchronous metastases in regard to patient demographics, presentation, tumor characteristics, metastatic sites, treatment, follow-up, and survival over a 27-year period.Results: Most primary tumors were >/=10 cm (58%), high-grade histology (77%), and located on the extremity (60%).The most frequent site of metastatic disease was the lung (63%); 27% of patients had metastases to >/=2 organ sites. Surgery to the primary tumor was performed in 94% of patients (n = 45) and 68% had additional radiation therapy (n = 32). Thirty- five percent of patients underwent at least one metastastectomy (n = 17). Chemotherapy was administered to 90% of patients (n = 43); 31% received >/=3 different regimens (n = 15) and 25% were given intra-arterial or intracavitary therapy (n = 12). Median overall survival was 15 months with a 21% 2-year survival. Local control of the primary tumor was achieved in 54% (n = 26), and metastastectomy was performed in 35% (n = 17). No analyzed factors were associated with an improvement in overall survivalConclusions: Despite multiple poor prognostic factors, the survival of patients with STS and metastases is comparable to those who develop delayed metastatic disease. However, unlike patients who present with metachronous disease, there was no improved survival observed for patients treated with metastastectomy. Consequently, treatment for patients with STS and synchronous metastases should be approached with caution. Surgical management of STS with synchronous metastases must be considered palliative and should be reserved for patients requiring palliation of symptoms. Patients must also be well informed of the noncurative nature of the procedure.     

Risk Factors and Prognosis of Surgery for Spinal Metastasis

Objective To evaluate the risk factors and prognosis of surgery for spinal metastasis. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 63 patients with spinal metastasis who underwent surgical treatment between June 1992 and June 2002. Forty-one patients underwent anterior en-bloc or partial resection, decompression and reconstruction with internal fixation of the spine. Laminectomy and decompression with internal fixation were done in 8 patients. One-stage anterior-posterior en-bloc resection and decompression followed by reconstructive stabilization were conducted in 14 patients. Results After foiiow-up for more than 6 months, postoperative radiological evaluation revealed that spinal stabilization was evident in all patients. Fiftyseven (91.9%) patients benefited with quality of life significantly improved through pain alleviation, and 41 (66.1% ) patients improved in their neurological status. No serious complications were observed in surgery. The mean survival time after surgery was 6 months in patients with lung and liver carcinoma, 15 months with breast, prostate, and stomach carcinoma as-well as the other miscellaneous malignancies, and 28 months with thyroid and kidney carcinoma. Differences were significant among the 3 groups (P< 0.01). Conclusion Surgical treatment for spinal metastasis is able to relieve neurological symptoms and improve the quality of life. The survival time is related to the site of the primary tumor; shorter survival in lung and liver carcinoma, longer in breast, prostate, stomach carcinoma and longest in thyroid and kidney carcinoma.     

脊柱转移肿瘤手术治疗风险和预后分析

目的　探讨脊柱转移肿瘤的手术治疗风险和预后。方法　 1992年 6月至 2 0 0 2年 6月手术治疗脊柱转移肿瘤 6 3例 ,其中前路椎体全部或部分切除脊髓减压、内固定 4 1例 ,后路椎板切除脊髓减压加内固定 8例 ,一期前后路肿瘤切除固定 14例。手术后随访 6个月以上。结果　术后X线显示所有患者均取得脊柱的稳定。除 1例术后 3d死亡外 ,有 5 7例 (91.9% )患者疼痛有显著的缓解或消失 ,4 1例 (6 6 .1% )患者的神经系统症状和体征有较大的改善。手术中无严重并发症发生。本组术后平均生存时间 13.5 9个月 ,肺癌和肝癌转移组的平均生存时间为 6个月 ,乳腺、胃肠道、前列腺癌和其他肿瘤转移组的平均生存时间为 15个月 ,甲状腺和肾癌的平均生存时间为 2 8个月 ,3组间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　脊柱转移肿瘤手术能够缓解患者的疼痛 ,改善患者的生存质量。患者生存时间与原发肿瘤类型有关 ,肺癌和肝癌脊柱转移者生存时间较短 ,甲状腺癌和肾癌生存时间最长。     

Chemo-radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Oesophageal Cancer—are Upper Third Tumours more Responsive?

Before neoadjuvant therapy was widely applied, the prognosis of oesophageal cancer had been considered dependent on the location of the tumor, i.e. upper third cancers had had the worst prognosis. The aim of this retrolective study was to prove the efficiency of the neoadjuvant treatment, and to compare the response of esophageal cancer in different locations. Between January 1998 and September 2005, 102 patients with locally advanced squamous cell oesophageal cancer received preoperative chemo-radiotherapy. In 40 cases the tumor was located in the upper third and in 62 cases in the middle third of the oesophagus. After a four-week-long treatment free period restaging was carried out and patients considered resectable were submitted to surgery. From 40 patients with upper third oesophageal cancer 28 underwent oesophageal resection or pharyngo-laryngectomy. Thiry-five percent a complete histopathological remission was observed. From 62 patients with middle third oesophageal cancer 43 underwent oesophageal resection. Histological examination of the resected specimens documented complete response only in three patients. The median survival and the R0 resection rate were similar in the two groups. Although the resection rate, perioperative morbidity, mortality and the median survival were similar in the two groups, a significantly higher rate of complete response (p?<?0,05) was observed in patients with upper third oesophageal cancer compared to patients with middle third oesophageal cancer. It seems that upper third oesophageal cancer has superior sensitivity to multimodal treatment therefore our results may support that upper third location is not an unfavorable prognostic factor any more.     

Primary gastinc lymphoma

The records of 30 patients with primary gastric lymphoma and a minimum of 5 years of follow-up were reviewed and clinical and pathologic prognostic factors analyzed. The overall 5-year survival was 40% (median 23 months). No significant relationship between surgical and patient age, sex, duration of symptoms, macroscopic appearance, or size of the primary lesion or degree of serosal infiltration was demonstrated. Stage of disease and site of primary had an impact on prognosis. Survival was improved in patients with stage I–II disease (P< 0.05) and in patients with primary located in the distal third of the stomach (P< 0.05). Although histology in all three classifications did not correlate well with survival, patients with low-grade lymphoma according to Kiel showed improved outcome (P< 0.05). Five–year survival of 11 patients with positive lymph nodes, 6 of whom were treated with cytotoxic therapy, was 54% and comparable to that of 7 patients (56%) with no nodal involvement who did not receive chemotherapy after surgery. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Prognostic Factors of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Single Institutional Retrospective Experience with Surgical Management over 20 Years

OBJECTIVE To analyze the pathological features and prognosis factors of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) after primary resection. METHODS Medical records of the diagnosis, surgery, and follow-up of 327 patients with GISTs who underwent surgery between 1988 and 2007 were retrospectively reviewed. The predic-tive factors for the survival of these patients were identi. ed using multivariate analysis. RESULTS In the 327 tumors, 152 (46.5%) were located in the stomach, 89 (27.2%) in the small intestine, 33 (10.1%) in the colon and rectum, and 43 (13.1%) in other sites including the omentum and mesentery. The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates of the 327 GIST patients were 74.4% and 62.7%, respectively, and univariate survival analysis demonstrated that factors, such as tumor size, mitotic index, NIH categories, Ki-67 index, tumor location, surgical margins, tumor bleeding, and tumor necrosis have significant effect on survival of the patients (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the NIH categories, surgical margins, and Ki-67 index were independent prognostic factors for the survival rate. In the group of patients with postoperative recurrence or metastasis, the median survival time of patients who did not receive imatinib treatment was 30 months and that of patients who received imatinib treatment was 59 months. Their 5-year survival rates were 16.4% and 39.4%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.017). CONCLUSION Complete resection is the .rst choice of treat-ment for GISTs. It is reasonable to evaluate the prognosis of resect-able GISTs and guide the adjunctive therapy with NIH categories and Ki-67 index. Imatinib treatment can signi.cantly increase the survival rate of patients with recurrent and metastatic GISTs.