育C丸治疗抗精子抗体184例疗效分析

精子作为一种独特的抗原与机体免疫系统接触后可引起自身或同种免疫反应 ,产生抗精子抗体 (ＡｓＡｂ)。研究资料证实 ,体内存在ＡｓＡｂ可导致不孕 ,这类情况占不孕患者的 10 %～ 30 % [1] 。因此抗精子抗体所导致的免疫性不孕在临床上已受到广泛关注。 1997年 6月～ 1999年 1月 ,我研究所采用中药育Ｃ丸配伍强的松治疗抗精子抗体阳性 ,已收到较好的疗效。1　临床资料　1 1　一般资料　不孕门诊符合以下条件 :( 1)婚后 2年以上不孕女性。 ( 2 )月经规律 ,ＢＢＴ呈双相。 ( 3)子宫输卵管造影显示子宫正常 ,输卵管通畅。 ( 4 )男方精液检查正…     

三种检测方法检测抗dsDNA抗体的临床意义

目的探究将绿蝇短膜虫间接免疫荧光法、欧蒙酶免疫斑点法以及胶体金快速斑点法应用于检测抗双链DNA(dsDNA)抗体中的效果。方法120例系统性红斑狼疮患者,根据病情不同分为疾病活动组及疾病稳定组,每组60例;同时选取60例健康体检者作为对照组。分别采用绿蝇短膜虫间接免疫荧光法、欧蒙酶免疫斑点法以及胶体金快速斑点法对三组研究对象的抗双链DNA抗体进行检测,分析三种检测方式的检测阳性率。结果绿蝇短膜虫间接免疫荧光法对疾病活动组患者抗双链DNA抗体的检测阳性率为95.00%(57/60),对疾病稳定组患者的检测阳性率为71.67%(43/60),对对照组的检测阳性率为5.00%(3/60);欧蒙酶免疫斑点法对疾病活动组患者抗双链DNA抗体的检测阳性率为76.67%(46/60),对疾病稳定组患者的检测阳性率为61.67%(37/60),对对照组的检测阳性率为10.00%(6/60);胶体金快速斑点法对疾病活动组患者抗双链DNA抗体的检测阳性率为80.00%(48/60),对疾病稳定组患者的检测阳性率为65.00%(39/60),对对照组的检测阳性率为8.33%(5/60)。三种检测方法对疾病活动组患者抗双链DNA抗体的检测阳性率高于疾病稳定组、对照组,疾病稳定组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);绿蝇短膜虫间接免疫荧光法对系统性红斑狼疮患者抗双链DNA抗体的检测阳性率为83.33%(100/120),均高于欧蒙酶免疫斑点法的69.17%(83/120)、胶体金快速斑点法的72.50%(87/120),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论三种诊断方式对于抗双链DNA抗体均具有较高的诊断阳性率,并且在对患者的各个时期进行诊断时,产生的诊断效果较为良好,而三种诊断方式应用于患者的诊断中,可以选择联合诊断,这样有助于避免误诊或者漏诊。     

388例男性不育患者精液分析

目的 分析男性不育患者的精液情况。方法 选择388例不育男性作为研究组,另选择152例正常生育男性作为对照组。两组研究对象均接受精液检查与分析,对比两组研究对象的精液量、精子浓度、pH值、正常形态精子百分率、前向运动精子百分率,并观察研究组患者精液异常的情况。结果 研究组精子浓度(36.52±20.20)×10^6/ml低于对照组的(40.85±22.65)×10^6/ml,正常形态精子百分率(19.40±8.52)%与前向运动精子百分率(58.26±5.52)%均低于对照组的(41.32±10^.52)%、(76.52±6.85)%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组精液量(3.12±1.05)ml、pH值(7.35±0.52)与对照组的(3.10^±1.02)ml、(7.32±0.58)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组388例患者中弱精子症187例(48.20%),少精子症53例(13.66%),液化异常93例(23.97%),畸形精子症55例(14.18%)。结论 不育男性精液质量均存在异常,其中精子浓度、正常形态精子与前向运动精子百分率降低是导致男性不育的主要原因。     

精子染色质扩散实验检测精子DNA碎片与宫腔内人工授精妊娠率的关系

目的:探讨精液DNA碎片与宫腔内人工授精妊娠率的关系。方法:收集分析70例不育不孕患者共88个IUI治疗周期,精子染色质扩散(SCD)实验分析精子DNA碎片,苯胺蓝染色法评价精子核成熟度,并按妊娠结局分成妊娠组与非妊娠组,比较各组间精子DNA碎片比值、精子核成熟度和IUI妊娠率的关系。结果:非妊娠组SCD小光晕和无光晕精子(精子DNA碎片)比值平均为(28.3±10.6)%,非妊娠组明显高于对照组(12.0±5.9)%(P<0.05);而大光晕和中光晕精子比值非妊娠组明显低于对照组(P<0.05);非妊娠组组苯胺蓝染色阳性率明显高于对照组。结论:非妊娠组患者核成熟度异常的精子、精子DNA碎片比例增高。     

96例女性继发不孕患者免疫抗体检测结果分析

目的探讨抗精子抗体(AsAb)、抗子宫内膜抗体(EMAb)、抗心磷脂抗体(AcAb)检测在女性继发不孕患者中的临床应用价值。方法以96例女性继发不孕患者为观察组,同年龄阶段第一次怀孕健康正常女性186例为对照组,计算两组的AsAb、EMAb、AcAb阳性率,作统计分析。结果观察组AsAb、EMAb、AcAb阳性率分别是27.08%(26/96)、29.17%(28/96)、22.92%(22/96);对照组阳性率分别是3.23%(6/186)、1.08%(2/186)、2.15%(4/186);两组经统计比较P<0.01,有统计学意义。结论女性继发不孕患者的AsAb、EMAb、AcAb阳性率较正常健康第一次怀孕者明显增高,临床常规开展免疫抗体检测对女性继发不孕患者的诊断和治疗有积极意义。     

咪喹莫特对精子浓度、活动率及DNA碎片指数的影响

目的 通过观察在培养液中加入咪喹莫特后精子浓度、活动率及DNA碎片指数(DFI)的变化,以明确免疫调节剂咪喹莫特是否会影响男性精子质量。方法 选取2021年9月至2022年1月河南省生殖妇产医院体检的健康男性志愿者新鲜液化的精液标本10份,每份分为不添加药物的空白对照组和咪喹莫特0.3、0.6、3.0μmol/L组。上游法培养60 min后分别检查四组上层精子浓度、活动率和精子DFI。结果 被测人员年龄(30.5±4.1)岁,精子浓度(48.82±24.43)×10⁹/L,总活动率(50.83±23.33)%。培养后空白对照组精子浓度(23.53±15.45)×10⁹/L,总活动率(16.54±16.04)%。培养后咪喹莫特组精子浓度(22.23±16.85)×10⁹/L,精子总活动率(16.79±13.89)%。培养后各组精子浓度及活动率与培养前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);培养后各组精子浓度和活动率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。培养后及各咪喹莫特剂量组均处于正常范围,与空白对照组比较,...     

精液处理方法对精子染色体非整倍体率的影响

目的:分析不同精液处理方法对精子染色体非整倍体率是否有影响.方法:随机抽取10例接受卵胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)治疗的轻度少弱精子症患者,分别采用上游法(A组)和Sperm-Grad双层密度梯度离心法(B组)处理其中5例患者精液,另外随机抽取于门诊就诊的5例轻度少弱精子症患者精液,不做处理,设为对照组.用CEPX/CEPY、CEPl8探针对这15例患者各1000个精子进行荧光原位杂交实验.比较3组精子中染色体非整倍体精子的比例.结果:性染色体非整倍体率,对照组、A组、B组分别为(4.21±249)%、(3.24±149)%和(2.62±0.89)%;18号染色体非整倍体率,对照组、A组、B组分别为(3.300±1.22)%、(2.00±1.22)%和(2.00±1.22)%,3组差异均无统计学意义(F分别为1.065和1.111,P＞0.05).结论:上游法和Sperm-Grad双层密度梯度离心法对精子的优选仅限于活力、畸形率等方面,而在精子染色体方面并无确定的优选作用.     

男性不育患者的精子形态与精子密度、活力分析

目的 探讨精子形态与精子密度、活力的关系.方法 492例男性不育患者,采用计算机辅助精液分析方法(CASA)检测精子密度、活力,采用巴氏染色进行精子形态分析.根据密度分为<5×106/ml、5～20×106/ml、>20×106/ml 3组;根据精子活力分为<10%、10%～30%、31%～50%、>50% 4组.比较个组精子形态正常率的差异.结果 随着精子密度、活力的降低,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 精子形态与精子密度和活率密切相关.     

佛山地区无精子症及严重少精子症患者Y染色体微缺失基因分析

目的分析Y染色体长臂微缺失对严重性少精子症以及无精子症男性不育患者的影响以及相关性。方法 300例原发性男性不育患者,按照疾病分型分为严重少精子症组(200例)及无精子症组(100例),同时选取50例可正常产生精子的男性作正常组。采集血液样本分别用于核型分析以及全血DNA提取,进行Y染色体微缺失检测、PCR扩增及检测、精液质量检测。比较三组的Y染色体长臂区微缺失情况、正常组与严重少精子症组的精子密度和精子活力。结果严重少精子症组、无精子症组长臂远侧端的无精子因子(AZF)区缺失率分别为11.50%、22.00%,均明显高于正常组的4.00%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。正常组的精子密度(32.72±14.37)×10~6/ml高于严重少精子症组的(15.06±13.27)×10~6/ml,精子活力中a级、a+b级精子分别为(24.87±6.51)%、(41.38±11.04)%均高于严重少精子症组的(12.48±6.86)%、(29.56±14.96)%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过检测Y染色体长臂AZF区微缺失可提高生精障碍原因检出率,优化治疗方案,降低医疗支出,缓解子代遗传缺陷负荷,为优生优育提供可靠的依据,值得临床推广。     

自拟中药消抗灵治疗免疫性不孕抗体阳性214例临床疗效观察

<正>免疫性不孕是由于生殖系统抗原的自身免疫或同种免疫引起的临床症状,占不孕症的10%～30%[1]。在女性不孕症患者血清中检测到抗精子抗体(ASAB)和抗子宫内膜抗体(AEMAB)是免疫性不孕的诊断依据。常用的治疗方     

Efficacy of gut lavage,hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the therapy of paraquat or diquat intoxication

Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.

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Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.

     

In vitro studies on sterically stabilized liposomes (SL) as enzyme carriers in organophosphorus (OP) antagonism

This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Steroidal sapogenin contents in some domestic plants

In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.     

Aquatic Insects and Trace Metals: Bioavailability,Bioaccumulation, and Toxicity

Abstract

The uptake of metals from food and water sources by insects is thought to be additive. For a given metal, the proportions taken up from water and food will depend both on the bioavailable concentration of the metal associated with each source and the mechanism and rate by which the metal enters the insect. Attempts to correlate insect trace metal concentrations with the trophic level of insects should be made with a knowledge of the feeding relationships of the individual taxa concerned. Pathways for the uptake of essential metals, such as copper and zinc, exist at the cellular level, and other nonessential metals, such as cadmium, also appear to enter via these routes. Within cells, trace metals can be bound to proteins or stored in granules. The internal distribution of metals among body tissues is very heterogeneous, and distribution patterns tend to be both metal and taxon specific. Trace metals associated with insects can be both bound on the surface of their chitinous exoskeleton and incorporated into body tissues. The quantities of trace meals accumulated by an individual reflect the net balance between the rate of metal influx from both dissolved and particulate sources and the rate of metal efflux from the organism. The toxicity of metals has been demonstrated at all levels of biological organization: cell, tissue, individual, population, and community. Much of the literature pertaining to the toxic effects of metals on aquatic insects is based on laboratory observations and, as such, it is difficult to extrapolate the data to insects in nature. The few experimental studies in nature suggest that trace metal contaminants can affect both the distribution and the abundance of aquatic insects. Insects have a largely unexploited potential as biomonitors of metal contamination in nature. A better understanding of the physico-chemical and biological mechanisms mediating trace metal bioavailability and exchange will facilitate the development of general predictive models relating trace metal concentrations in insects to those in their environment. Such models will facilitate the use of insects as contaminant biomonitors.