| 三七皂苷抗缺血性脑卒中的分子机制研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 方彬宇,朱婷,张淑霞,孙晓波,孙桂波,于蕾.三七皂苷抗缺血性脑卒中的分子机制研究进展[J].中华全科医学,2022,20(6):1027-1030. |
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| 作者姓名： | 方彬宇 朱婷 张淑霞 孙晓波 孙桂波 于蕾 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.哈尔滨商业大学药学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150076 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金联合基金项目U20A20405云南省生物医药领域重大科技专项计划202102AA310048 |
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| 摘 要： | 脑卒中具有复发率高、致残率高、致死率高等特点。缺血性脑卒中是一种常见的脑卒中类型，占脑卒中发病率的70%，是引起我国居民寿命降低的危险因素。缺血性脑卒中病理机制复杂，以往的神经保护方法仅限于单一的机制，此类药物不能充分抑制缺血性脑卒中患者复杂的病理生理级联反应。来源于天然产物的药物所含化学成分复杂，能够同时作用于疾病的不同靶点，因此使用中药抗缺血性脑卒中仍然是目前的研发重点。中药三七的药用历史悠久，源于五加科人参属植物三七的干燥根及根茎，具有散瘀止血、消肿定痛的功效，在防治脑血管疾病中有着“金不换”的赞誉，其皂苷类成分包括二醇型人参皂苷、三醇型人参皂苷及特殊类型皂苷。三七皂苷对缺血性脑卒中的保护作用确切，在抑制钙超载、抗氧化应激、抗炎、抗焦亡、抗凋亡、修复血脑屏障、促进血管新生以及调节肠道菌群等方面均有相关作用。同时, 三七皂苷在与黄芪甲苷、栀子苷、丹参多酚酸及冰片的联合应用中表现出协同增效的作用，三七皂苷在预防和治疗脑卒中方面显示出潜在应用价值和巨大的药用开发前景。因此，现对三七皂苷中所含皂苷类化学成分、三七皂苷抗缺血性脑卒中的药理作用以及三七皂苷联合用药抗缺血性脑卒中三方面进行总结归纳。
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| 关 键 词： | 三七皂苷 缺血性脑卒中 钙超载 氧化应激 血脑屏障 血管新生 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-10-11 |
Research progress on the molecular mechanism of panax notoginseng saponins against ischemic stroke |
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| Affiliation: | School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150076, China |
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| Abstract: | Stroke has a high recurrence rate, high disability rate and high fatality rate. Ischemic stroke is a common type of stroke, accounting for 70% of the incidence of stroke, it is a risk factor that reduces the life expectancy of Chinese residents. The pathological mechanism of ischemic stroke is complex, and previous neuroprotective methods are limited to a single mechanism. Such drugs cannot fully inhibit the complex pathophysiological cascade of patients with ischemic stroke. Drugs derived from natural products contain complex chemical components and can act on different targets of the disease at the same time. Therefore, the use of traditional Chinese medicine to combat ischemic stroke remains the current focus of research and development. The traditional Chinese medicine panax notoginseng has a long history of medicinal use. It is derived from the dry roots and rhizomes of panax notoginseng, a plant belonging to the family Araliaceae. Saponins include glycol-type ginsenosides, triol-type ginsenosides and special types of saponins. Panax notoginseng saponins have a definite protective effect on ischemic stroke. It has been reported that they can inhibit calcium overload, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-pyrolysis and anti-apoptosis agents, repair the blood-brain barrier, promote angiogenesis, and regulate intestinal flora. At the same time, panax notoginseng saponins have shown a synergistic effect in the combined application with astragaloside IV, geniposide, salvia polyphenolic acid and borneol. Panax notoginseng saponins have shown potential application value and great value in the prevention and treatment of stroke, indicating their prospects for the development of medicinal use. Therefore, we will summarise the three aspects of the saponin chemical components in notoginsenosides, the pharmacological effects of panax notoginseng saponins against ischemic stroke and the combination of notoginsenosides against ischemic stroke. |
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