社区心脑血管疾病病人康复期认知功能现状及影响因素分析

目的探讨社区60岁以上心脑血管疾病病人康复期认知功能现状及影响因素。方法运用蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）（北京版），采取分层随机抽样和入户调查方式对蚌埠市龙子湖区所辖4个社区60岁以上的心脑血管疾病病人及健康人群进行问卷调查，共收集79份问卷。根据患病情况对研究对象进行分组，分为心脑血管病组和健康对照组2组，比较2组认知功能的差别，并进一步分析其影响因素。结果2组受试对象的MoCA量表得分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。79例受试对象的MoCA量表得分影响因素分析显示，文化程度高者的MoCA量表得分高（P < 0.01），饮酒频率低者的MoCA量表得分高（P < 0.05）。结论文化程度和饮酒频率是认知功能障碍的主要影响因素，对心脑血管疾病病人应限酒或禁酒，提倡合理饮食和健康生活方式，从而达到一级预防的效果。

Analysis of the cognitive function and its influencing factor in community cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease patients during recovery period

ObjectiveTo investigate the cognitive function and its influencing factor in community cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease(CCVD) patients(over 60 years old) during recovery period.MethodsThe chronic disease patients over 60 years old from 4 communities in Dragon Lake District in Bengbu City were investigated using Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA) (Beijing edition).Seventy-nine questionnaires were collected, which included hypertension, coronary heart disease, dyslipidemia and stroke patients, and healthy people.According to the disease, the patients were divided into the CCVD group and control group.The difference of the cognitive function between two groups was compared, and the influencing factor of which was analyzed.ResultsThe difference of the MoCA score between two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05).The analysis of the influencing factor of MoCA score showed that the score of MoCA was high in patients with high education level, and low drinking frequency(P < 0.01 and P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe education level and drinking frequency are the main risk factors of cognitive dysfunction.The drinking should be limited or prohibited, and the balanced diet and the healthy lifestyle should be advocated in patients with CCVD, which can achieve the primary prevention effect.