吸烟大鼠骨折愈合过程中骨痂含量的变化

背景：骨折愈合过程的完成受众多因素影响,吸烟是否对骨折愈合也有影响？ 目的：探讨吸烟与骨折愈合的关系。 设计、时间及地点：随机对照动物实验,于2006-03/08在兰州大学第一医院骨科中心完成。 材料：健康雄性Wistar大白鼠80只，体质量(280±25) g。香烟(兰州牌，烤烟型，每支含焦油7 mg，烟碱10 mg，兰州卷烟厂生产)。 方法：80只雄性Wistar大白鼠随机分成正常对照组（不吸烟）、吸烟戒烟组、轻度吸烟组和重度吸烟组,每组20只。除正常对照组外各组大鼠均于手术前1个月开始吸烟。吸烟戒烟组与轻度吸烟组每只大鼠合5支香烟，重度吸烟组每只大鼠合10支香烟，2次/d，1 h/次，6 d/周。术日,吸烟戒烟组动物开始戒烟,轻度吸烟组、重度吸烟组继续吸烟。4组大鼠均制作骨折模型。 主要观察指标：分别于术后第1，7，14，21，28天利用X射线摄片与病理切片测量各组大鼠骨痂最大直径。 结果：组间相比,在纤维骨痂形成期及骨性骨痂形成期骨痂直径最大,随着骨痂的改造塑形,骨痂直径又趋减少；骨折14，28 d，轻度、重度吸烟组与正常对照组相比，骨痂最大直径值差异有显著意义(P < 0.01)，轻度吸烟组与重度吸烟组间差异也有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。 结论：吸烟是骨折愈合的不利因素。吸烟影响骨痂含量,使骨痂的形成减少，从而延缓骨折的愈合过程。

Callous changes during fracture healing in smoking rats

BACKGROUND: Numerous factors may affect fracture healing process. Whether smoking can influence fracture healing? OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between smoking and fracture healing. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Random control animal trial was performed at Orthopedics Center of First Hospital, Lanzhou University from March to August 2006. MATERIALS: Eighty healthy male Wistar rats weighing (280±25) g were selected. Lanzhou Cigarettes, virginia type, 7 mg tar, 10 mg nicotine, were provided by Lanzhou Cigarette Factory. METHODS: Eighty rats were randomly divided into normal control, anti-smoking, short-term and long-term smoking groups (n=20). Except normal control animals, all rats smoked one month preoperatively. Rats in anti-smoking and short-term groups smoked for 5 cigarettes, and in long-term smoking group smoked for 10 cigarettes, twice per day, one hour each, six days a week. Animal models of fracture were made. Rats in anti-smoking group stopped smoking following surgery, and rats in short-term and long-term smoking groups continued to smoke. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The maximal diameter of callus was measured on days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 postoperatively by X-Ray and pathological sections. RESULTS: The diameter of callus was largest in fibrous callus and bony callus formation periods in each group, and decreased with callus molding. Compared with normal control group, the diameter of callous was decreased notably in short and long-term smoking groups (P < 0.05). There were significant differences between short and long-term smoking groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Smoking is one of harmful factors during fracture healing. Smoking decreases the quantity of callus, reduces callus formation, and delays union of fracture.