3409例骨关节肿瘤与瘤样病变统计分析

目的分析总结临床常见骨关节肿瘤的流行病学发病情况及构成比。方法通过对西京骨科医院骨肿瘤科1990—2007年18年收住的原发性良、恶性骨关节肿瘤、骨瘤样病变、骨转移瘤3409例的统计分析，观察临床各种常见骨关节肿瘤的构成比及其在不同年龄、性别及部位的发病情况。结果3409例骨关节肿瘤中良恶性肿瘤之比为1．12：1；良性肿瘤与恶性肿瘤男女性别比为1．28：1与1．29：1；年龄组中最好发于10．20、20。30岁，病变部位最好发于股骨和胫骨；发病率从高到低依次为：骨肉瘤、骨巨细胞瘤、骨软骨瘤、骨纤维结构不良和骨囊肿。其中恶性肿瘤最常见的是骨肉瘤，其次为软骨肉瘤和恶性纤维组织细胞瘤，恶性肿瘤的好发部位为胫骨和股骨；良性肿瘤最常见的为骨巨细胞瘤，其次为骨软骨瘤，良性肿瘤的好发部位为胫骨和股骨。骨瘤样病变最常见的是骨纤维结构不良，其次为骨囊肿；骨转移瘤最常见的部位是脊柱。结论本组统计和国内其他地区统计基本相同，与国外报道有一定差异。

A statistic analysis of 3409 cases of tumors and tumor-like lesions of bones and joints

Objective To analyze the epidemiology and the constituent ratio of conventional tumors of bones and joints. Methods We analyzed 3409 cases with primary benign and malignant tumors, osteoma-like lesions or bone metastases in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery in Xijing Hospital from 1990 to 2007, to find out the constituent ratio of all kinds of conventional tumors of bones and joints, and the incidence of these tumors in different body parts and in patients of different ages and genders. Results The ratio of benign and malignant tumors in 3409 cases is 1.12：1. The sex ratios of man and women with benign and malignant tumors are 1.28：1 and 1.29：1 respectively. The incidence rate was higher in patients aged from 10 to 20 and from 20 to 30. The most commonly affected sites were femur and tibia. The incidence rate of tumor in descending order were osteosarcoma, giant cell tumor of bone, osteochondroma, bone fibrous dysplasia and bone cyst. Osteosarcoma was the most common malignant tumor, followed by chondrosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. The tibia and femur were the most commonly affected sites of malignant bone tumors. Giant cell tumor of the bone was the most common benign tumor, followed by osteochondroma. The tibia and femur were the most commonly affected sites of benign bone tumors. Bone fibrous dysplasia was the most common osteomalike lesions, followed by bone cysts. Spine was the most commonly affected site of bone metastases. Conclusions The statistical results in this research are nearly the same as those of other regions of our country, but different from foreign reports.