中国膳食暴露评估数据库食物分类及编码研究

目的 对膳食调查及污染物监测数据进行分类和编码,为构建中国膳食暴露评估数据库奠定基础.方法 采用国际食品法典委员会(Codex Alimentarius Commission,CAC)食品法典(CODEX)的食物分类与我国食物成分表食物分类原则相结合的方式,按照食物所属组别前2位英文字母代表该食物的种类或来源,后4位数字代表该食物在CAC食物分类系统中排列序号的方式,对我国1 810 703条膳食消费量和487 810条污染物监测数据进行分类和编码.凡在CAC食物编码中找到对应编码的,一律采用CAC编码,对CAC编码中没有的食物则按CAC编码原则新增编码.结果 我国膳食消费数据分为6个大类、19个种类、75个组别,污染物监测农产品对应499个编码;相比CAC编码系统新增F(糖果类小食品)与G(饮料)2个大类、4个种类、33个组别、302个编码.新增组别大多为罐头类、饮料类、糖果类、肉制品类等动植物类加工食物,新增食物类别和编码大多是具有中国特色的食物.结论 初步实现了中国食物分类和编码与CAC分类编码系统的接轨,为膳食暴露评估奠定了数据交流的基础.

Establishment of database for food classification and coding in Chinese dietary exposure assessment

Objective To establish the basis for Chinese dietary exposure assessment database by classifying and coding the data from the national dietary survey and pollutant surveillance.Methods The method,which combined CODEX food classifying and coding of Codex Alimentarius Commission(CAC)with Chinese food classification of food composition table,was applied to classify and code the data of 1 810 703 Chinese dietary consumption and 487 819 pollutant surveillance.The coding system was according to the first two letters of the respective food group that represent the type or source of foods,the last four digits represent the serial number of the food in the CAC food classification.If the foods can be found in CAC food code system,its original food code is used.The new codes corresponding with the foods which are not exist in CAC food code system,is added according to CAC coding methods.Results Dietary consumption data were divided into 6 major categories,19 types,75 groups,the agricultural products of pollutant surveillance corresponding to 499 codes.Comparing with CAC food coding system,Chinese dietary consumption data have added F(candy snacks)and G(beverages)2 major categories,4 types,33 groups,302 new codes.The additional groups most were the processing food groups with Chinese characteristics,such as canned,beverages,candy,meat products.Conclusion The foundation of data communication to dietary exposure assessment has been established,and the connection of Chinese food classifying and coding with CAC data have been achieved.