附子新型炮制品中乌头类生物碱测定及其强心作用研究

目的 比较附子新型炮制品与传统炮制品中乌头碱类水平及强心作用,为附子炮制工艺改进提供药理学依据。方法 采用高效液相(HPLC)色谱法测定生附子及黑顺片、高温片、高压片、微波片4种附子炮制品及其煎煮液中6种乌头类生物碱水平;应用Langendorff大鼠离体心脏灌流法,测定附子4种炮制品对心率(HR)、左心室收缩压(LVSP)、舒张末压(LVEDP)、左心室内压变化速率(±dp/dt_max)的影响,分析其强心作用。结果 与生附子比较,附子经炮制后,毒性成分双酯型生物碱减低,单酯型生物碱逐渐增加;与黑顺片比较,高压片中生物碱得到最大限度保留,单酯型生物碱水平高于黑顺片,双酯型生物碱水平较低,说明附子高压炮制是一种“低毒高效”的工艺;而高温片和微波片中单、双酯型生物碱水平均有所降低,其成分有一定的流失;4种炮制品煎煮液中6种生物碱溶出率与炮制品中生物碱水平呈正相关。与对照组比较,4种炮制品均能够显著升高离体大鼠心脏的HR、LVSP、±dp/dt_max,降低LVEDP,且呈一定剂量相关性;与黑顺片组比较,3种新型炮制品HR、LVSP、LVEDP、±dp/dt_max均差异不显著;在相同剂量下,高压片中HR、LVSP、±dp/dt_max值最高,LVEDP值较低。结论 附子高压炮制工艺是一种“高效低毒”炮制工艺,且强心作用效果较好。

Determination of content of novel aconite processed products and their cardiotonic effect

Objective To compare aconite content and cardiac effects of model processed products and traditional processed products, and to improve the processing technology of aconite. Methods Using HPLC to determine four kinds of aconite processed products (black smooth sheets, high temperature sheets, high pressure sheets, and microwaving sheets) and contents of six kinds of alkaloids in its decoction. With isolated heart perfusion with Langendorff method, HR, LVSP, LVEDP and ±dp/dt_max and other content indicators were determined, and the cardiotonic effects of different aconite processed products were analyzed. Results The alkaloid content in high pressure Aconiti Lateralis Preparata slice (Fu Pian) had maximum retention, mono-ester type high alkaloid content, and diester decreased significantly, high temperature, microwaving, and black smooth single and double ester alkaloid contents were low, and the component loss was obvious. Four kinds of processed products of decoction of six kinds of alkaloids dissolution rate and processed products of alkaloid content showed a positive correlation, compared with the control group: Four kinds of processed products could improve significantly higher in isolated rat hearts of HR, LVSP, and ±dp/dt_max values, decreased LVEDP values, and the pharmacodynamic effect and dose size showed a certain correlation; compared with the black smooth sheets, three model processed products in HR, LVSP, LVEDP, and ±dp/dt_max and other indicators had no significant difference. In the same dose, high pressure Fu Pian in HR, LVSP, and ±dp/dt_max values were the highest, and LVEDP value was lower. Conclusion Fuzi high pressure processing technology is a kind of efficient low toxicity processing technology, with better cardiac effects.