应用中心静脉导管治疗自发性气胸的疗效观察及护理

目的对比分析中心静脉导管与普通胸腔抽气或闭式引流治疗自发性气胸的疗效，并总结中心静脉置管治疗自发性气胸的护理要点。方法将100例自发性气胸患者按治疗顺序分为治疗组和对照组，每组各50例。治疗组采用中心静脉导管胸腔抽气或引流；对照组采用普通胸腔穿刺针接50mL注射器抽气或行胸腔闭式引流。结果2组患者自发性气胸治愈率比较无统计学差异（P〉0．05）；而2组在胸膜反应的发生情况和住院时间方面比较有统计学差异（均P〈0．05），其中治疗组胸膜反应发生率低于对照组，而住院时间短于对照组。结论应用中心静脉导管治疗自发性气胸并发症少，置管期间辅以护理人员的精心护理，有利于减轻患者痛苦、缩短住院时间。

Observation over the curative effects of air exhausts of thoracic cavity via central venous catheter in treating spontaneous pneumothorax and the nursing strategies

Objective To compare the curative effects of air exhausts of thoracic cavity via central venous catheter and 50 mL syringe in treating spontaneous pneumothorax and summarize the nursing key points in the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax using central venous catheter. Method 100 cases of spontaneous pneumothrorax were equally divided according to the sequence for air exhausts into treatment group and control group: air exhausts of thoracic cavity by central venous catheter and by 50 mL syringe were used respectively. Results There was no difference in the rate of curative effect between the two groups, while there were differences in the duration of hospitalization and the occurrence of pleural reation (all P < 0.05). Conclusion The air exhausts via central venous catheter may decrease the rate of complications from spontaneous pneumothorax and therefore relieve pains in patients and shorten the duration of hospitalization under delicate care of nurses.