使用微量注射泵经中心静脉高浓度补钾的临床监测与护理

目的总结在重症监护病房（ICU）使用微量注射泵经中心静脉高浓度补钾纠正低钾血症的护理体会。方法85例低钾血症患者使用微量注射泵，以5～15ml／h（6．65～20mmol／h）的速度经中心静脉输注浓度为10％氯化钾原液，以纠正低钾血症，对补钾过程严密监测和护理。结果采用微量注射泵经中心静脉高浓度补钾，补钾前后血钾浓度比较有显著差异（P〈0．01），血钾浓度的改变与补钾速度呈线性关系，补钾2～8h血钾回升到正常为83例（占97．6％），补钾后出现高钾血症2例（占2．4％）。结论使用微量注射泵经中心静脉高浓度补钾纠正低钾血症的方法在ICU是有效、安全的，但需要严密的临床监测和护理。

Clinical Monitoring and Nursing on Micro--injection Pump Used in High Concentration Potassium Infusion Via Central Vein

Objective To summarize nursing experience of microinjection pump used in high concentration potassium infusion via central vein to correct kaliopenia in ICU.Methods 85 patients with Kaliopenia used micro-injection pump to infuse 10% Potassium chloride via central vein at 5-15ml/h(6.65~20mmol/h) speed for correcting kaliopenia.Strict monitoring and nursing during 10% Potassium chloride infusion were done.Results There was significant difference in serum potassium concentration before and after using micro-injection pump to infuse 10% Potassium chloride via central vein(P<(0.01).) There was linear relationship between infusion speed and serum potassium concentration.83(patients')(97.6%) serum potassium concentration increased to normal level after potassium infusion 2~8 hours.2 patients(2.4%) suffered hyperkalemia.Conclusions It is effective and safe to use micro-injection pump in high concentration potassium infusion via central vein to correct kaliopenia in ICU,but rigorous clinical monitoring and nursing must be done.