饮食与儿童生长发育状况调查

目的 了解饮食及儿童生长发育状况。方法 对上海市某寄宿制示范幼儿园4～6岁222名寄宿制儿童进行饮食调查及生长发育评价。结果 各营养素的供给量中，平均能量、蛋白质、铁、硒、维生素A、维生素Bz、维生素PP、维生素C的供给接近或超过饮食营养素参考摄人量标准；钙、锌及维生素B1的供给不足，分别达饮食营养素参考摄入量的85．02％、62．81％、77．14％；能量来源中，蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物分别为15．27％、30．06％、54.87％；蛋白质来源中优质蛋白超过50％。营养正常儿童比例为77．03％；营养不良、超重及肥胖儿童比例分别为0．90％、14．86％、6.31％。结论 儿童营养过剩和微量营养素钙、锌、维生素B1的供给不足应引起重视，本研究为以后的营养干预提供了实验依据。

An Investigation of the Status of Diet and Nutrition of Children in a Kindergarten in Shanghai

Objective To investigate the status of diet, nutrition as well as growth and development of children in a kindergarten in Shanghai. Methods The energy and nutrients intake between March and May of 2004 were recorded. Children's nutritional status was evaluated by anthropometric index. Results The mean daily supplies of energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate were 6 009.69 kJ, 55.88 g, 48.87 g, and 200.75 g, respectively. Calcium, zinc, and vitamin B1 intakes were 85.02%, 62.81%, and 77.14%, as compared with recommended nutrient intake. Protein, fat, and carbohydrate accounted for 15.27%, 30.06%, and 54.87% in energy supplies. The protein from animals and bean products was more than 50% total protein. Conclusion Overnutrition and inadquate supplies of calcium, zinc, and vitamin B, in preschool children in Shanghai needs further attention.