精神分裂症患者未患病一级亲属的认知功能研究

目的 探讨精神分裂症未患病的一级亲属认知功能的特点。方法 对110例精神分裂症患者未患病一级亲属（亲属组）及50例正常对照（对照组）进行认知功能测验,包括持续注意力测试（CPT）、威斯康星卡片分类测试（WCST）、修订版韦氏记忆量表（WMS-RC）的逻辑记忆和词语流畅性测试。结果 精神分裂症患者一级亲属在WMS-RC逻辑记忆中的即刻逻辑记忆、延迟逻辑记忆,词语流畅性测试中的词语总数、词语正确数,CPT中的视觉漏报、视觉平均反映时间1和2、听觉漏报数、听觉平均反应时间1和2的成绩均差于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论 精神分裂症未患病的一级亲属存在一定程度的认知功能损害,提示认知损害可能是精神分裂症的内表型指标之一。

Cognitive functions in unaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenic patients

Objective To study cognitive function in the unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia. Methods 110 unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia （ study group） and 50 healthy controls （ control group） were assessed with Continuous Performance Test （CPT）, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test （WCST）, Logical Memory in Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised in China （WMS-RC） and Verbal Fluency Test. Results Compared with control group, individuals in study group showed significantly impaired performance in immediate logical memory and delayed logical memory in WMS-RC, total number and correct number in verbal fluency, as well as visual omission number, mean reaction time 1 and 2 of visual omission, auditory omission number, mean reaction time 1 and 2 of auditory omission in CPT （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions The cognitive function is impaired to some extent in unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia, which suggests that cognitive dysfunction impairment may be one of the endophenotypic markers of schizophrenia.