眩晕残障程度评定量表在眩晕患者跌倒风险预测中的应用研究

目的探讨眩晕残障程度评定量表(DHI)及跌倒风险评估表在眩晕患者跌倒风险预测中的应用效果。方法选择2017年11月-2018年3月我院神经内科住院的74例眩晕患者为研究对象,所有患者均使用DHI量表及跌倒风险评估表进行评估。将近3个月内发生≥1次跌倒者纳入跌倒组,未发生跌倒者纳入未跌倒组。比较DHI量表在两组患者中的差异性、两种评估工具的相关性及跌倒预测的漏诊率。结果跌倒组的DHI量表总指数及躯体P、情绪E、功能F三个子指数的分值均高于未跌倒组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);跌倒组眩晕严重障碍的比率高于未跌倒组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);DHI量表总指数、躯体P和功能F指数与跌倒风险评估表评分成正相关(P<0.05),情绪E指数未见相关性(P=0.06);单独应用跌倒风险评估表跌倒预测漏诊率为6.45%,两种评估表联合使用漏诊率为0.00%。结论采用两种评估表联合评估眩晕患者的跌倒风险,可减少跌倒预测的漏诊率,有针对性地筛查出高危人群,指导护理人员及早实施预防措施,降低跌倒发生。

The application of vertigo disability rating scale in the risk prediction of falling in vertigo patients

Objective To evaluate the applying effect of the vertigo disability rating scale (DHI) and fall risk assessment form for fall risk prediction in vertigo patients.Method From November 2017 to March 2018,a total of 74 cases of inhospital patients with vertigo neuropsychiatric department was selected as research objects.DHI scale and fall risk assessment scale was used for risk assessment.Those who had fallen more than or equal to one time in the past three months were included in the study group.Those who did not fall were included in the control group.Compare the scores of DHI scale between the two groups of patients,the relevance of the two assessment tools,and the missed diagnosis of the fall prediction.Result The total index,body P,emotion E and function F of the DHI scale in the fall group were all higher than those in the non-fall group,and the difference in scores between the two groups was statistically significant ( P <0.05).The rate of severe vertigo disorder in the fall group was higher than that in the non-fall group,and the difference was statistically significant( P <0.05).The sub-indexes of the DHI scale,body P and function F were positively correlated with the fall risk assessment scale score ( P <0.05),but not with emotion E ( P =0.06).The rate of missed diagnosis was 0.00% in the co-assessment group using the DHI scale and the fall risk assessment form,while6.45% in the assessment group using the fall risk assessment form alone.Conclusion The use of two assessment scales to assess the risk of falling in vertigo patients can reduce he rate of missed diagnosis at high risk of falling,and screen out high-risk groups of falling.Early implementation of fall prevention help nursing staffs to use rehabilitation treatment,to reduce the risk of falls and improve the quality of nursing services.