胎盘组织液-同种异体冻干骨与同种异体冻干骨修复颌骨缺损的对照

背景：研究证实,冻干和辐照灭菌的同种异体骨是理想的骨移植材料，不仅具有良好的生物相容性、生物力学特性，而且还保留骨基质中的骨形态发生蛋白和构成形态发生蛋白所必须的一些酶类，具有一定的骨诱导能力。 目的：观察胎盘组织液-同种异体冻干骨修复犬的人工颌骨缺损效果，以同种异体冻干骨为对照。 设计、时间及地点：对比观察性实验，于2007-12/2008-09在哈尔滨医科大学动物实验中心完成。 材料：健康杂种成年犬8只；同种异体冻干骨由湖北联结生物材料有限公司提供；胎盘组织液为广东珠海丽珠制药厂产品，2 mL/支。同种异体冻干骨∶胎盘组织液=(4.0~5.0)∶1。 方法：在犬上、下中切牙、尖牙、第一磨牙根尖相对应的颌骨处分别建立直径1.0 cm类半球型上下颌骨缺损模型共96个实验区，实验组选择大小合适的同种异体冻干骨及骨颗粒按比例浸泡在胎盘组织液呈饱和状，阳性对照组亦将大小合适的同种异体冻干骨及骨颗粒浸泡在生理盐水液呈饱和状，分别放入颌骨缺损处并添满，阴性对照组不植入任何材料。每只犬的实验区均由4个实验组材料、4个阳性对照组材料、4个阴性对照组材料组成。 主要观察指标：术后2，4，8，12周取材进行放射线学和组织学观察。 结果：实验组早期以软骨内化骨为主，晚期以膜内化骨为主，有明显的新骨形成，并与周围骨组织连接良好；阳性对照组可见新生骨，与周围骨组织连接欠佳；阴性对照组骨缺损区中央尚未被骨小梁充满。经组织学测定，术后2，4，8，12周实验组成骨量均高于其他两个对照组，差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05，P < 0.01)。 结论：胎盘组织液-同种异体冻干骨复合材料能够积极地促进颌骨缺损的修复并有效缩短修复时间。

Compound of placenta tissue injection and allogeneic lyophilized bone versus single allogeneic lyophilized bone for reconstruction of jaw bone defects

BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that the freeze-dried and irradiation-sterilized allogeneic bone is an ideal material for bone transplantation, they are present with good biocompatibility and biomechanical property, also maintains some necessary enzymes for bone morphogenetic protein and morphogenesis protein in bone matrix with some osteoinductivable potentials. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of the compound of placenta tissue injection and allogeneic lyophilized bone on the reconstruction of jaw bone defects of dogs, and to compare with single allogeneic lyophilized bone. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A comparative observational trial was performed in the Animal Experimental Center of Harbin Medical University between December 2007 and September 2008. MATERIALS: Eight healthy hybred adult dogs; allogeneic lyophilized bone was offered by Hubei Osteolink Biomaterials Co.,Ltd; placenta tissue injection was purchased from Livzon Pharmaceutical Factory Zhuhai (2 mL per injection); allogeneic lyophilized bone: placenta tissue injection=(4-5):1. METHODS: A total of 96 experiment areas from hemisphere jaw defect models at 1.0 cm diameter were established in dog jaw bone site corresponding with central incisor, canine teeth and root apex of the first molar. In the experiment group, the allogeneic lyophilized bone and bone particles were soaked in placenta tissue injection and under saturation state, then the compound of placenta tissue injection and allogeneic lyophilized bone were implanted to jaw bone defect. In the positive control group, the allogeneic lyophilized bone and bone particles were soaked in sodium chloride injection and under saturation state, then implanted to jaw bone defect. In the negative control group, nothing was implanted to jaw bone defect. Each experiment area comprised four materials in each group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The radiological and histological observations were performed at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation. RESULTS: In the experiment group, there was obvious cartilaginous osteogenesis in the earlier period and intramembranous osteogenesis in the late period. The new bone was well integrated with the surrounding tissues. In the positive control group, new recovered bone existed but the combination between the new bone and the original bone was not well. In the negative control group, jaw bone defects were not filled with bone trabecula. Histological examination results showed that there were more new bones in the experiment group than the control groups at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation. Statistical difference could be observed among them (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The compound of placenta tissue injection and allogeneic lyophilized bone can promote recovery of jaw bone defect actively and shorten recovering time effectively.