神经干细胞和施万细胞共移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤

目的 观察神经干细胞和和施万细胞共移植治疗脊髓损伤的可行性。方法 体外培养胚胎脊髓源神经干细胞和施万细胞，将两种细胞共同移植到大鼠脊髓损伤部位，免疫组织化学染色鉴定神经干细胞在脊髓内的分化情况并观察记录大鼠行为学功能的恢复程度。结果 神经干细胞体外培养血清诱导分化可见大量具有少突胶质细胞特征的分化细胞，与施万细胞共培养则可促进神经干细胞向神经元方向分化。两种细胞共移植至脊髓损伤部位后，施万细胞可以促进神经干细胞的分化和成熟；共移植可以促进脊髓功能的恢复。结论 神经干细胞在体内和体外都具有多向分化能力，且其分化方向和成熟程度可以被多种环境因子所调控。神经干细胞和施万细胞共移植可以促进脊髓功能恢复。

Co-transplantation of neural stem cells and schwann cells to repair spinal cord injury of rats

Objective To investigate the feasibility of neural stem cells and schwann cells cotransplantation to repair spinal cord injuries of adult rats. Methods Muldpotent neural stem cells were isolated from rat embryonic clay 16-18 spinal cord and induced to differentiate in vitro by various environmental factors. Immunofluorescent technique was applied to detect the differentiative characteristics. Schwann cells were isolated from the sciatic nerves of newborn SD rats. After spinal cord contusion, neural stem cells and schwann cells were co-transplanted into the epicenter of spinal cord trauma. The behavioral improvement was evaluated and recorded. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to identify the survival, migration and differentiation of transplanted cells within the spinal cord. Results Neural stem cells induced by serum in vitro differentiate into oligodendrocytes in a large portion. When co-cultured with schwann cells, the neural stem cells differentiate into neurons more readily. After being co-transplanted into the traumatic site, Schwann cells support neuronal differentiation and maturation of neural stem ceils, also co-transplantation accelerates the improvement of spinal cord function. Conclusion Neural stem cells possess the ability to differentiate into multiple cell types both in vitro and in vivo. The differentiative status and the maturation can be affected by various environmental factors. Co-transplantation accelerates the improvement of spinal cord function.