免疫印迹和酶联免疫吸附法检测糖尿病自身抗体的结果比较

目的:探讨免疫印迹(IB)和酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)在糖尿病自身抗体检测中的差异。方法:用IB和ELISA分别测定43例Ⅰ型糖尿病(T_1DM)和50例正常人血清中胰岛细胞抗体(IcA)、谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GADA)和胰岛素抗体(IAA),评价其敏感性和特异性。结果:IB法检测T_1DM患者血清中IcA、GADA和IAA的阳性率分别为69. 7%、67.4%和23.3%。3种抗体联合检测的敏感性和特异性分别是93.0%和98.0%;ELISA检测IcA、GADA和IAA的阳性率分剐为72.1%、81.4%和41.9%,3种抗体联合检测的敏感性和特异性分别是97.7%和88%。结论:IB法检测糖尿病自身抗体的敏感性低于ELIsA(P<0.05);而IB法的特异性明显高于ELISA(P<0.05)。

Comparing the Results of the Determination of Diabetes Autoantibodies with Immunoblotting and ELISA

Objective To study comparatively the different of immunoblotting(IB)and enzyme-linked immunosorbent as- say(EL1SA)in the determination of diabetes autoantibodies.Methods sera were obtained from 43 patients of type 1 diabetes mellitus(T_1 DM)and 50 healthy controls.Islet cell antibody(IcA),glutamie acid dearboxylase antibody(GADA)and insulin antibody(IAA)were analysed respectively by the IB and ELISA.The sensitivity and specificity of the assays were evaluated. Results The positive rates of ICA ,GADA,IAA were separately 69.7%、67.4%、23.3% with IB assay and 72.1%、81.4%、41.9% with ELISA in the patients of T1DM ,The sensitivity and specificity of combined determination of the three autoantibod- ies were respectively 93.0% and 98.0% with IB assay as well 97.7% and 88.0% with ELISA.Conclusion Our research has showed that IB assay is lower sensitivity than ELISA(P<0.05),but more Specific than ELISA in the determination of diabe- tes autoantibodies(P<0.05).