儿童乳牙龋和乳牙黑色素沉着关系研究

目的　评价学龄前儿童乳牙色素沉着患病率以及色素沉着与乳牙龋之间的关系。方法　选取上海市5个公立幼儿园的1 012名学龄前儿童进行调查，1名口腔医师采用WHO推荐的方法进行龋齿的检查，另1名口腔医师检查颊舌面色素沉着。采用SPSS软件对数据进行统计分析。结果　乳牙色素沉着的患病率为12.7%，色素沉着最常见的部位是下颌前牙的舌侧。乳牙色素沉着与年龄和性别无关。城区幼儿园儿童乳牙色素沉着患病率为16%，明显高于郊区儿童6.4%的患病率（P<0.001）。有色素沉着的儿童患龋率和龋失补牙数、龋失补牙面数分别为56.6%、2.94和4.41，明显低于无色素沉着儿童（72.1%，dmft:4.25; dmfs:7.06,P<0.001）。但两组龋齿的牙面分布比例无明显区别。结论　乳牙色素沉着和乳牙龋之间存在负相关关系。

The association between black tooth stain and primary dentition caries of Chinese preschool children

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of black stain on primary teeth of Chinese preschool children and to assess a possible association between black stain and caries.Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out in five public kindergartens in Shanghai,China.The study consisted of 1012 children.Caries statuses of dmft and dmfs were assessed by one calibrated dentist using WHO criteria and black stain was evaluated by another dentist.Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software with significance level of 5%.Results Among these 1012 children,548 of them were male.The average age of the total population was 4.97.Black stain was observed in 12.7% of this population.The most affected teeth and surfaces with black stain were mandibular anterior teeth and the lingual surfaces of these teeth.There was no significant relationship between black stain and gender or age.The prevalence of black stain in urban areas was 16%,significantly higher than that in suburban areas（6.4%,P0.001）.Children with black stain had significantly lower caries prevalence（56.6% vs 72.1%,P0.05） and fewer caries experiences（dmft：2.94 vs 4.25;dmfs：4.41 vs 7.06,P0.001） than children without black stain.No difference was found in the dmfs pattern of occlusal,smooth and proximal surfaces between children with and without black stain.Conclusions There is a negative correlation between black stain and caries.