后腹腔镜在小儿肾及半肾切除术中的应用

目的：探讨腹腔镜在小儿肾及半肾切除术中的应用。方法：应用后腹腔镜手术治疗4例女性肾畸形患儿，年龄4－7岁，其中2例行重复肾及输尿管切除术，2例行发育不良小肾切除术。结果：4例手术均成功。平均手术时间3．2h。失血量约50－60ml，1例术后7d拆线出院，1例因右下腹切口感染，术后13d出院，2例术后4d出院。随访1－15个月，结果满意，切口小，外观好。结论：腹腔镜肾切除术具有微创、术后恢复快的优点，可以代替开放肾切除术，对该微创技术的进一步要求是提高功效及减少手术时间。

Application of retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy in children

Objective To investigate the value of laparoscopic nephretomy in children.Methods Retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy was performed on 4 patients of renal malformations with age ranging from 4-7 years. Laparoscopic nephrectomy was done on 2 cases of duplicated kidney and 1 case of renal dysplaisa of right kidney. Results Operations were successful in all the 3 cases. The mean operation time was 3.6 hours with an estimated blood loss of 50-60 ml.1 case was discharged 7 days after operation; 1 case was discharged 13 days after operation because of incision infection in right lower quadrant; 2 cases were discharged 4 days after operation. Satisfactory effects were found on 1-15 month follow-up as demonstrated by small scar and good appearance.Conclusions Laparoscopic nephrectomy is less invasive, and can achieve quick recovery. It may serve as an alternative for open lumbodorsal approach. Further study is needed on improving efficiency and reducing operation time.