不同水溶性有机磷染毒家兔血及脂肪组织中游离毒质的动态分布

目的 探讨不同水溶性有机磷杀虫剂(OP)其游离毒剂(FOP)在染毒家兔血及脂肪组织中的分布过程和意义.方法 72只雄性青紫兰家兔分为3组:久效磷5 LD50组(11.12mg/kg),敌百虫5 LD50组(556.0mg/kg),甲基对硫磷5LD50组(37.05mg/kg).每组24只,每小组6只.家兔染毒经皮下给药.染毒后1,6,24,96 h取血和脂肪组织,分离血细胞和血浆,制备脂肪组织匀浆,用DTNB酶动力学法测乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活力,酶抑制法测游离有机磷毒质(FOP)含量.结果 染毒后1,6,24h,久效磷、敌百虫、甲基对硫磷染毒血浆间比较,血细胞间比较和脂肪组织间比较,FOP浓度差异具有统计学意义(血浆:P＜0.05；血细胞:P＜0.05；脂肪:P＜0.05)；相同时相久效磷脂肪组织FOP浓度与血浆和血细胞比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),敌百虫脂肪组织FOP含量为血浆和血细胞的数倍(P＜0.05),而甲基对硫磷FOP浓度在1、6h与血细胞接近(P＞0.05)但低于血浆(P＜0.05),染毒后24h脂肪组织、血细胞、血浆FOP浓度接近平衡(P＞0.05).三种OP血浆、脂肪组织清除率不同,久效磷＞敌百虫＞甲基对硫磷.结论 有机磷杀虫剂随水溶性的降低,对脂肪组织的亲和性增强,FOP由血和脂肪组织被清除的时间相应延长.脂肪组织是水溶性差的有机磷杀虫剂的储存库.

The dynamic distribution of free organophosphorus with different degrees of hydrosolubility in the blood and adipose tissues of poisoned rabbits

Objective To study the distribution and significance of free organophosphorus poisons (FOP)with different degrees of hudrosolubility in the blood and adipose tissues of poisoned rabbits.Methods Seventy two male livid blue rabbits with 2-2.5 kg body weight were divided into 3 groups as per the rabbits intoxicated with different kinds of organophosphorous given subcutaneously,namely monocrotophos(11.12 mg/kg)group,trichloffon(556.0 mg/kg)group and methyl parathion(37.05 mg/kg)group(n =24 in each).Each group was further divided into 4 subgroups(n =6,in each).Blood samples and adipose tissues were collected 1 h,6 h,24 h and 96 h after administration of organophosphorous.Blood cells and plasma were separated.Well-formed adipose tissue homogenates were made.Acetylcholinesterase(AChE)activities were assayed with dithiobisnitrobenzoic acid(DTNB)enzyme kinetic method.The levels of FOPs in blood plasma,blood cells and adipose tissues were determined with enzyme inhibition method.Results There were signiflc.ant differences in FOP concentrations of plasma,blood cells and adipose tissues among moncrotophos group,trichlorfon group and methyl pararthion group at the intervals of 1,6 and 24 hours after organophosphorous administered(all P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in FOP concentrations of moncrotophos among blood plasma,blood cells and adipose tissues at intervals of 1,6,24 and 96 hours.FOP concentrations of trichlorfon in adipose tissues were significantly higher than those in blood cells and plasma at intervals of 1,6,24 hours after organophosphorous administered(P ＜ 0.05).There were significant differences in FOP concentrations of pararthion in blood plasma compared with blood cells and adipose tissues at intervals of 1 and 6 hours after organophosphorous administered(P ＜ 0.05)and no difference was found over 24 hours after administration of organophosphorous(P ＞ 0.05).The significant differences in the rates of FOP clearance from blood and adipose tissues were also found between different organophosphates(P ＜ 0.05,moncrotophos ＞ trichlorfon ＞methyl pararthion).Conclusions With the decrease in hydrosolubility of organophosphates,the increase in adipose tissue-specific retention was found and the time required for clearance from blood and adipose tissue was prolonged.Adipose tissue was the major storage site for organophosphates with low hydrosolubility.