腹膜透析治疗时机对儿童体外循环术后并发急性肾损伤疗效的影响

目的 探讨以RIFLE标准衡量腹膜透析(PD)治疗儿童体外循环术后并发急性肾损伤(AKI)的治疗时机及其对预后的影响.方法 回顾性分析成都军区总医院自2006年以来行PD治疗的46例体外循环术后并发AKI的患儿(年龄＜14岁),采用RIFLE标准,分A组(AKII期)、B组(AKIⅡ期)、C组(AKIⅢ期),以AKI分期作为PD治疗的时机,对比分析各组的平均ICU住院时间、平均机械通气时间、平均PD总液量及平均PD治疗时间,并将PD治疗前和治疗48 h后的APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、血浆IL-6、氧合指数、血浆肌酐(Cr)、平均动脉压等结果进行比较.组间均数比较采用方差分析,治疗前后均数比较采用配对t检验,以P ＜0.05为差异具有统计学意义.结果 C组PD治疗前APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、血浆IL-6均明显高于A、B两组(P＜0.01)；A、B两组PD治疗前APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但B组PD治疗前血浆IL-6和平均ICU住院时间、平均机械通气时间、平均PD总液量、平均PD治疗时间明显高于或长于A组(P＜0.01).C组PD治疗48 h后APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、血浆IL-6、氧合指数、Cr、平均动脉压均无明显改善(P＞0.05),A、B两组PD治疗48 h后APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、血浆IL-6、氧合指数、Cr、平均动脉压均明显改善(P＜0.05),但B组IL-6仍高于A组(P＜0.01).结论 早期(AKI Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期)行PD可改善儿童体外循环术后并发AKI的病情,而AKI Ⅰ期行PD的疗效更好；RIFLE标准和IL-6对判断病情有指导意义.

The timing of effectual peritoneal dialysis in children with acute kidney injury following cardiopulmonary bypass

Objective To investigate the prognosis of children with acute kidney injury(AKI)treated with peritoneal dialysis(PD)following cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods A retrospective study of 46 children aged under 14 years old with AKI treated by using PD following cardiopulmonary bypass from Jan.2006 through Dec.2010.All of them were divided into three groups,namely group A(AKI Ⅰ),group B(AKI Ⅱ)and group C(AKI Ⅲ)according to the stratification of RIFLE criteria.The timing of PD was depended on the phase of AKI.The ICU length of stay,total duration of mechanical ventilation,total amount of peritoneal dialysate and the length of PD were compared among three groups.Their APACHE Ⅱ score,sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score,serum interleukin-6(IL-6),oxygenate index,serum creatinine,and mean arterial pressure were also compared between before PD and after PD for 48 hours.One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis between different phases of AKI.Data got before PD and after PD for 48 hours were analyzed with paired Student' s t-test.Results The APACHE Ⅱ score,SOFA score and serum IL-6 before PD were higher in patients with phase Ⅲ of AKI than those in patients with phases Ⅰ and Ⅱ of AKI(P ＜ 0.01).There were no significant differences in APACHE Ⅱ score and SOFA score between patients with phases Ⅰ of AKI and patients with phase Ⅱ of AKI before PD(P ＞0.05),but serum IL-6 before PD,ICU length of stay,total duration of mechanical ventilation,total amount of peritoneal dialysate and the length of PD in patients with phase Ⅱ of AKI were higher or longer than those in patients with phase Ⅰ of AKI(P ＜ 0.01).After PD for 48 hours,APACHE Ⅱ score,SOFA score,serum IL-6,oxygenate index,serum creatinine and mean arterial pressure improved insignificantly in patients with phase Ⅲ of AKI(P ＞0.05),but those were improved significantly in patients with phases Ⅰand Ⅱ of AKI(P ＜ 0.05),while serum IL-6 in patients with phase Ⅱ of AKI was still higher than that in patients with phase Ⅰ of AKI(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Therapeutic effect of PD on children with AKI following CPB is better if PD is started in the phases Ⅰ and Ⅱ of AKI,especially in the phase Ⅰ of AKI.The RIFLE criteria and IL-6 are useful guidance to the assessment of patients' illness.