焦虑状态的干预对急性冠脉综合征患者血管内皮功能及血小板活化的影响

目的 探讨焦虑情绪障碍和抗焦虑治疗对急性冠脉综合征(ACS)患者血管内皮功能及血小板活化状态的影响及其临床意义.方法 前瞻、对照方法观察2009年1月至2010年12月入住绍兴人民医院心内科的ACS患者139例,排除严重心衰、肝肾功能不全、炎性感染、苯二氮卓类药物过敏、2周内服用过任何抗精神类药物、无法完成问卷调查者.经汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评定,入选焦虑组患者68例,非焦虑组患者71例.检测两组患者血清一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素(ET)、活化血小板CD62p、CD63水平和肱动脉血流介导的血管舒张功能(FMD)；并将68例焦虑患者随机分为焦虑A组和焦虑B组,在基础治疗同时分别给予劳拉西泮片0.5 mg,2次/d和安慰剂(维生素B6片)10 mg,2次/d治疗,2周后再次检测上述指标并进行HAMA评定.采用独立样本t检验和x2检验进行组间计量资料及计数资料的比较.结果 焦虑组与非焦虑组ACS患者相比,NO水平和FMD明显降低(t=2.090和2.558,P=0.038和0.012),ET、CD62p、CD63的水平明显升高(t=2.082,2.042和2.145,P=0.039,0.043和0.034).抗焦虑治疗前焦虑A组和焦虑B组上述参数以及HAMA评分比较差异无统计学意义；经劳拉西泮2周治疗后,焦虑A组与焦虑B组相比较,NO水平和FMD明显升高(t=2.821和2.246,P=0.006和0.028),而ET,CD62p,CD63水平和HAMA评分则显著降低(t=2.107,3.242,2.079,7.779,P=0.039,0.002,0.041,0.001).结论 焦虑情绪障碍可明显加重ACS患者血管内皮功能紊乱,激活血小板,而积极的抗焦虑干预,则可有效地改善内皮功能和血小板的活化,从而改善ACS患者的临床预后.

The imapct of anti-anxiety therapy on vascular endothelium function and platelet activation in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Objective To investigate the effects of anxiety and anti - anxiety therapy on vascular endothelium function and platelet activation in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods One hundred and thirty -nine ACS patients were enrolled in this prospective and controlled clinical study from January 2009 through December 2010.Patients with severe heart failure,liver and renal dysfunction,infection,allergy to benzodiazepines and taking antipsychotic drugs in recent 2 weeks as well as patients unable to complete the questionnaire were excluded.All these patients were divided into the anxiety group ( n =68 ) and the non - anxiety group ( n =71 ) according to Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA).The plasma levels of NO,ET,CD62p,CD63 and flow- mediated diastolic functions (FMD) of humeral arteries were measured.The patients in anxiety group were randomly assigned to group A ( n =34 ) and group B ( n =34).Lorazepam in a dose of 0.5 mg twice a day and Vitamin B6 in dose of 10 mg twice a day as placebo were prescribed for patients of Group A and B respectively.After 2 weeks,all above variables of group A and group B were measured once again as well as the score of Hamilton Anxiety Scale.The chi - square test was used for constituent ratios,while t - test was applied to analysis of differences in above variables between two groups.Results The plasma level of NO and FMD of humeral artery in the anxiety group were significantly lower than those in the non -anxiety group (t =2.090 and 2.558,P =0.038 and 0.012,respectively),and the plasma levels of ET,CD62p and CD63 in the anxiety group were significantly higher than those in the non - anxiety group ( t =2.082,2.042 and 2.145,P =0.039,0.043 and 0.034,respectively).There were no statistical differences in all above variables as well as HAMA score between group A and group B before anti - anxiety treatment.Two weeks after treatment,the level of NO and FMD of humeral artery in group A were significantly higher than those in group B ( t =2.821 and 2.246,P =0,006 and 0.028,respectively) and the levels of ET,CD62p,CD63 and HAMA score in group A were significantly lower than those in group B ( t =2.107,3.242,2.079 and 7.779,P =0.039,0.002,0.041 and ＜0.01,respectively).Conclusions Anxiety mood markedly aggravates the disorder of vascular endothelial function and platelet activation,and both of them can be improved by anti - anxiety therapy.Consequently,the intervention in anxiety mood may improve the outcomes of ACS patients.