何首乌不同组分对小鼠急性毒性试验比较研究

目的比较何首乌全组分、水提组分、醇提组分对小鼠急性毒性的影响,进行何首乌药材的急性毒性观察与评价。方法分别制备何首乌全组分、水提组分、醇提组分,按照经典小鼠急性毒性试验方法测定何首乌不同组分小鼠口服半数致死量（LD50）、最大耐受量（MTD）、最大给药量（MLD）,连续观察14天,观察其急性毒性症状谱,记录累积死亡数及小鼠体重变化。结果何首乌不同组分对小鼠急性毒性强度为：全组分〉醇提组分〉水提组分。何首乌全组分、水提组分、醇提组分无法作出LD50,MTD试验结果按含生药量计算分别为20.0 g.kg-1.d-1、98.4 g.kg-1.d-1和78.0g.kg-1.d-1,分别相当于临床70 kg人每公斤体重日用量的116.7倍、574.0倍和455.0倍。主要毒性症状是腹泻、怠动、毛色不华。结论何首乌药材具有一定的毒性,与文献记载相符。其不同组分中化学成分是决定其毒性强度不同的物质基础,通过何首乌不同组分小鼠急性毒性试验比较研究,有利于进行何首乌药材系统的毒性研究与评价,为进一步锁定其毒性物质基础提供试验依据,其毒性成分和致毒机理有待于进一步研究。

Comparative Study on Acute Toxicity of Different Components of Polygonum multiflorum in Mice

Objective To compare the acute toxicity of different components from Polygonum multiflorum in mice and make an observation and evaluation of acute toxicity to Polygonum multiflorum in order to provide experimental data for safe use in clinical.Methods Respectively prepare the all components,water extraction components,alcohol extraction components,and compare the acute toxicity of different components in Polygonum multiflorum on mice in accordance with classical acute toxicity test methods.Results The acute toxicity of different components in Polygonum multiflorum on mice is： all componentsalcohol extraction componentswater extraction components.The all components,water extraction components,alcohol extraction components in Polygonum multiflorum are unable to make LD50,MTD results calculated in accordance with crude drug content were respectively 20.0g·kg-1·d-1,98.4g·kg-1·d-1 and 78.0g·kg-1·d-1,which is equal to 116.7 times,574.0 times and 455.0 times of 70 kg people＇s daily dried medicinal herb expenses.Diarrhea and hypokinesia were the main acute toxicial symptoms.Conclusion The Polygonum multiflorum has certain toxicity,which is consistent with the clinical adverse effect.By comparing the acute toxicity of different components in Polygonum multiflorum,it is beneficial to make an observation and evaluation of acute toxicity to Polygonum multiflorum and provide experimental basis for further toxicity-based toxical substances.The toxical components and toxical mechanism should be researched fourthly.