深圳市外环境水源军团菌污染调查

目的了解深圳市外环境中不同水体军团菌污染和血清型别分布状况。方法利用传统的检验方法与实时荧光PCR技术相结合,对深圳市环境中243份水源进行军团菌的检测,用传统细菌分离培养法分离鉴定,用实时荧光PCR法加以验证。结果共检测环境水源243份,52份水样检出军团菌阳性,其中49份水样为嗜肺军团菌,3份水样为非嗜肺军团菌,军团菌和嗜肺军团菌总检出率分别为21.4%（52/243）和20.2%（49/243）;空调系统嗜肺军团菌检出率为25%（29/116）,宾馆淋浴热水嗜肺军团菌检出率为23.3%（20/86）,二次供水、游泳池水、景观水池水均未检出军团菌。血清型以LP1和LP6为优势菌型,占检出菌的65.3%（32/49）和22.5%（11/49）,LP3、LP5、LP6、LP7、LP10均检出1株。结论深圳市环境水源中军团菌污染主要分布于空调冷却塔水和宾馆淋浴热水中,嗜肺军团菌血清型以LP1、LP6为主,相关部门需引起足够重视,防止军团菌病发生。

Survey of distribution of Legionellae in environmental water source in Shenzhen

Objective To investigate the distribution state of Legionellae contamination and serological typing Legionella in environmental water systems of Shenzhen.Methods The 243 environmental water samples were detected and Legionella was isolated and cultured with traditional method.Real time fluorescent PCR method was used to confirm the results.Results In 243 environmental water samples,Legionella was detected in 52 samples including 49 samples positive for Legionella pneumophila,3 samples positive for non-Legionella pneumophila and total contamination rate of Legionella and Legionella pneumophila were 21.4%（52/243）and20.2%（49/243）.The Legionella pneumophila rate of cooling tower water,shower warm water were25%（29/116）,23.3%（20/86）.No Legionella was detected in other water samples.LP1 and LP6 were predominant serrotypes,accounted for 65.3%（32/49） and 22.5%（11/49）.Conclusion Cooling tower water and shower warm water in hotels in Shenzhen were contaminated with legionella,measures be adopted to control the potential threat of Legionella to the public.