Optic nerve size evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging in children with optic nerve hypoplasia, multiple pituitary hormone deficiency, isolated growth hormone deficiency, and idiopathic short stature |
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Authors: | Birkebaek Niels Holtum Patel Leena Wright Neville Bryce Grigg John Russell Sinha Smeeta Hall Catherine Margaret Price David Anthony Lloyd Ian Christopher Clayton Peter Ellis |
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Affiliation: | Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital at Skejby, Denmark. |
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Abstract: | OBJECTIVE: To objectively define criteria for intracranial optic nerve (ON) size in ON hypoplasia (ONH) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. STUDY DESIGN: Intracranial ON sizes from MRI were compared between 46 children with ONH diagnosed by ophthalmoscopy (group 1, isolated ONH, 8 children; and group 2, ONH associated with abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and septum pellucidum, 38 children) and children with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (group 3, multiple pituitary hormone deficiency, 14 children), isolated growth hormone deficiency (group 4, isolated growth hormone deficiency, 15 children), and idiopathic short stature (group 5, idiopathic short stature, 10 children). Intracranial ON size was determined by the cross-sectional area, calculated as [pi x (1/2) height x (1/2) width]. RESULTS: Groups 1 and 2 had lower intracranial ON size than did groups 3, 4, and 5 (P < .001). No patients in groups 3 through 5 who had MRI after 12 months of age (when 95% adult size of ONs is attained) had ONs <2.9 mm 2 . Visual acuity correlated significantly with ON size (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS: Magnetic resonance imaging of the ONs with cross-sectional area <2.9 mm 2 in a short child more than 12 months of age, with or without hypothalamic-pituitary axis abnormalities, confirms the clinical diagnosis of ONH. |
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Keywords: | CT, Computed tomography GHD, Isolated growth hormone deficiency ISS, Idiopathic short stature MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging MPHD, Multiple pituitary hormone deficiency ON, Optic nerve ONH, Optic nerve hypoplasia SOD, Septo-optic dysplasia |
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