广东省江门市一起小学甲型H1N1流感暴发的流行病学分析

目的了解2009年6月广东省江门市一所小学甲型H1N1流感暴发的流行特征,分析所采取防制措施的效果。方法采用现况流行病学调查方法,对该甲型H1N1流感暴发的流行特征进行分析;用Real-time RT-PCR方法对甲型H1N1流感病毒进行核酸检测。结果全校1333人,有13名学生发病,罹患率为0.98%。采集41份现症患者咽拭子,13份检测出甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸阳性。该起疫情首发2009年6月19日,22日为高峰,6月23日结束;疫情局限于学校的六年(4)班;男女发病比例为1.6∶1,发病年龄在12～14岁,临床症状以发热、咳嗽、咽痛为主,无危重病例及死亡病例。结论该事件是由甲型H1N1流感病毒引起的暴发疫情,感染来源为社区获得;居家隔离治疗与住院治疗相结合,是控制该起甲型H1N1流感暴发的主要措施。

Epidemiological analysis of an outbreak of influenza A H1N1 in a primary school in Pengjiang district,Jiangmen city

Objective To determine the epidemiological characteristics of an influenza A/H1N1 outbreak in an elementary school and evaluate the effect of the control measures.Methods A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted to determine the epidemiological characteristics of this influenza A/H1N1 outbreak.The real-time PCR assay was used to identify the viral nucleic acid.Results Among 1333 students of the school,13 were infected with an attack rate of 0.98%.The nucleic acid of influenza A/H1N1 virus was detected from 13 of 41 throat swabs collected from the patients.The outbreak started on June 19,2009,peaked on 22,and ended on 23.The epidemic was confined in class 4,grade 6,with a male to female ratio of 1.6∶1.The patients were aged between 12 and 14 years,demonstrating such major clinical symptoms as fever,cough and sore throat.No severe or death cases were present.Conclusion This was an outbreak of community-acquired influenza A/H1N1.The combination of home quarantine and hospitalization was key to the control of the outbreak.