急性呼吸窘迫综合征大鼠肺病理组织电镜观察

目的电镜观察研究急性呼吸窘迫综合征（acute respiratory distress syndrome，ARDS）大鼠肺损伤病理改变。方法采用百草枯（Paraquat，PQ）染毒建立ARDS动物疾病模型，取肺组织进行电镜观察。结果正常大鼠肺组织肺泡壁完整，肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞胞质内板层小体没有排空现象，而ARDS大鼠肺组织能从多个视野中观察到肺炎症损伤的各种病理变化。结论透射电镜可以观察到ARDS肺损伤的各种病理变化。肺泡Ⅱ型细胞胞质内板层小体排空为ARDS的特征性病理变化，肺泡Ⅱ型细胞板层小体排空或许可以作为判断ARDS的重要依据。

Ultrastructural Changes of the Lung in Rats Suffering from Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Objective An electron microscopic study was carried out to examine the pulmonary changes of rats suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Methods ARDS animal disease model was developed by means of paraquat(PQ) toxicant exposure.The pulmonary tissue was examined by electron microscopy.Results The pulmonary alveolar wall of normal rats was thin and intact.Lamellar bodies in the type II pneumocytes did not show any sign of evacuation.Pathological changes caused by pneumonic damage of pulmonary tissue in ARDS rats were observed.Conclusion Various pathological changes caused by ARDS pulmonary damage can be observed under the transmission electron microscope.The evacuation of substance from lamellar bodies in the type II pneumocytes can be seen as a characteristic pathological change caused by ARDS.Such lamellar body alteration in type II pneumocytes perhaps provides an important basis for the judgement of ARDS attack.