脑血管周围组织通道的功能

背景在缺乏淋巴管的脑组织内,脑组织液与脑脊液间、脑组织液与淋巴系统间以及各部位脑实质之间的物质传递的过程与途径是一个被忽略的未知领域,这就是本文要探讨的脑组织通道,对指导中枢神经系统疾病的预后与康复干预具有重要意义.目的探讨脑血管周围组织通道的功能,为研究脑组织的病理生理机制提供理论依据.设计完全随机对照实验研究.单位解放军空军总医院心内科;解放军总医院病理生理研究室.材料实验在解放军总医院病理生理研究室完成.选择雄性SD大鼠20只,体质量250～300 g,购自解放军总医院动物中心.干预将大相对分子质量的异硫氰酸荧光素标记的白蛋白(fluorescein isothiocyanate labelled albumin,FA)及相对分子质量较小的异硫氰酸荧光素标记的右旋糖酐(fluorescein isothiocyanate labelled dextran,FD)分别定位注射入大鼠脑内,一定时间后通过示踪剂与血管同时显影的方法观察注入的荧光物质在脑内的分布情况及其与组织结构间的关系.主要观察指标荧光显微镜下观察注入的荧光示踪剂在脑内的分布情况、与血管之间的关系;对比分析注射不同相对分子质量荧光示踪剂实验组之间示踪剂分布的差异.结果注入FA,FD之后均可见微血管周围广泛分布荧光浓集细胞(Mato细胞);FD在脑内扩散速度大于FA;FA注入后还出现血管周围荧光浓集影像,并沿血管通向远处,在皮质者通向脑表面,在白质者通向脑腹侧颅底血管,速度与距离均大于简单扩散.结论脑血管周围组织通道与细胞间组织通道相比,具有物质传递优势;具有与淋巴管类似的功能,在大分子物质的传递引流方面具有重要作用;它与Mato细胞共同参与脑内免疫.

Functions of cerebral perivascular tissue channel

BACKGROUND: The substance transmitting process and pathway in cerebral tissues in which there are lack of lymphatic vessels, between cerebral tissue fluid and cerebral spinal fluid, between cerebral tissue fluid and lymphatic system, as well as among cerebral substances of every region are the neglected unknown field and the cerebral tissue channel probed in the article, which will provide significant importance in guiding prognosis and rehabilitation interventions of the disorders of central neural system(CNS).OBJECTIVE: To probe into the functions of cerebral perivascular tissue channel so as to provide the theoretical evidences for studying the mechanism on pathology and physiology of cerebral tissues.DESIGN: Completely randomized and controlled experimental study.SETTING: Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Air Force of Chinese PLA, and Department of Pathophysiology, General Hospital of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in the Department of Pathophysiology, General Hospital of Chinese PLA. Twenty male SD rats, body mass varied from 250 g to 300 g were purchased from Animal Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital.INTERVENTIONS: Fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled albumin(FA) with relative large molecular mass and fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled dextran(FD) with relative small molecular mass were injected in localization in the brains of rats respectively. A certain time later, both the distribution of fluorescein substance in the brain and its relation with tissue structure were observed with both tracer agents and vascular developing method simultaneously.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: To observe the distribution of injected tracer agents in the brain and its relation with vessels under fluorescein microscope, to compare and analyze the differences in the distribution of tracer agents of different relative molecular masses among the experimental groups.RESULTS: Fluorescein concentrated cell (Mato cell ) presented extensively around micro-vessels after injection of both FA and FD. The speed of diffusion of FD in the brain was faster than that of FA. After FA injection, fluorescein concentrated image presented also around vessels, which developed to the distal along vessels, those in the cortex developed toward cerebral surface and those in the white substance toward ventral basicranial vessels of brain. The speed and distance were all bigger than the simple diffusion.CONCLUSION: Compared with intercellular tissue channel, the cerebral perivascular tissue channel has the advantage of substance transmission; it provides the similar action as lymphatic vessels and plays an important role in transmission and drainage of big molecular substance; and it participants in the cerebral immunity together with Mato cell.