Pericardiectomy to Treat Constrictive Pericarditis in a Patient with Hyperbilirubinemia: Report of a Case

An 18-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with abdominal distension and edema of both legs. His total serum bilirubin level was 5.2mg/dl. Echocardiography showed impaired left ventricular contraction, and computed tomography showed a thickened pericardium with massive pleural effusion and ascites. Cardiac catheterization showed both a dip and a plateau in the right ventricle pressure curve, based on which we diagnosed constrictive pericarditis. The selected treatment option was a pericardiectomy. We dissected the thickened pericardium, which was about 7–10mm thick, and removed as much as possible through a median sternotomy without cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperatively, his hemodynamics and renal dysfunction improved, and the serum bilirubin level gradually decreased. We report this case to show how pericardiectomy was effective not only for improving this patients hemodynamics, but also for resolving his hyperbilirubinemia. The relevant literature is reviewed following this case report.