不同年龄寰枢椎椎弓根的数字化测量

背景：CT重建技术能够提供寰枢椎内部结构的数字化模型，并利用相关软件在模型上进行手术设计及相关参数的测量，为椎弓根螺钉的安全、有效置入提供可靠数据。目的：综述寰枢椎数字化测量的研究进展，为椎弓根螺钉技术在寰枢椎疾患治疗应用中提供理论依据。方法：应用计算机检索1994至2012年PubMed数据库、维普数据库及万方数据库中有关CT重建在寰枢椎椎弓根测量中应用的文献。中文检索词为寰椎椎弓根，枢椎椎弓根，计算机辅助设计，数字化，成人，儿童。英文检索词为atlaspedicle，axispedicle，digitization，computer-aideddesign，children。初检得到110篇文献，40篇文献最终进入结果分析。结果与结论：应用CT重建技术可获得清晰的颈椎图像，应用现代数字技术直接建立椎弓根进钉通道，根据通道的位置来确定螺钉的定位点、进钉方向及长度，该方法更直接更具体更精确，能够为临床个体化置钉提供指导。国内外对成人寰枢椎椎弓根的研究已经获得了许多重要的科学数据，但关于儿童寰枢椎椎弓根研究的报道较少见。相信随着医学技术的发展和对儿童寰枢椎椎弓根进行较精准的数字化测量，儿童寰枢椎椎弓根螺钉固定技术将更加安全、准确。

Digital measurement of atlas and axis pedicles with different ages

BACKGROUND： The CT reconstruction technique can provide the digital model of the internal structure of atlas and axis and it can also use the related software to perform surgery design and measurement of relevant parameters in the model. At the same time, it can provide reliable data for pedicle screw placement security and effectively.OBJECTIVE： To summary the progress of digital measurement of atlas and axis pedicle, in order toprovide a theoretical basis for the treatment of atlas and axis disorders with pedicle screw technology. METHODS： A computer-based online search was performed in PubMed database, VIP database and Wanfang database from 1994 to 2012 for the literatures about the application of CT reconstruction in the measurement of atlas and axis pedicle. The Chinese key words were ＂atlas pedicle, axis pedicie, computer-aided design, digitization, adult, children＂ and the English key words were ＂atlas pedicle, axis pedicie, digitization, computer-aided design, children＂. A total of 110 literatures were obtained after the initial search, and finally 40 literatures were included for the final review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： CT reconstruction technique could obtain a clear image of the cervical spine, and the pedicle screw entrance channel was established with the modern digital technology, then the positioning point, direction and length of screw entrance were determined according to the position of the channel. The method was considered to be more direct, specific and more accurate, and can provide guidance for individual placement of screw in clinic. The domestic and international researches on the adult atlas and axis pedicle have obtained many important scientific data, and the researches on children atlas and axis pedicle are rare. With the development of medical technology and the accurate digital measurement of children atlas and axis pedicle, children atlas and axis pedicle fixation technique will be more secure and accurate.