超声监测膈肌功能在慢性阻塞性肺疾病诊疗中的应用进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病的主要特征是不可逆性气流受限，过度充气常导致膈肌功能障碍。膈肌是最重要的呼吸肌，其功能损害将显著影响患者预后。超声技术因其无创、方便、重复性好的优点被应用于观察膈肌形态及运动。近年来随着超声理论与技术的不断进步，在慢阻肺中的应用得到进一步拓展。本文就慢阻肺患者膈肌超声的理论基础、评估指标、检查方法、临床应用等方面的进展作一综述。

Application of ultrasound monitoring of diaphragm function in diagnosis and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:recent progress

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by irreversible airflow limitation, and hyperinflation often results in diaphragm dysfunction. Diaphragm is the most important respiratory muscle, and its functional impairment will significantly affect the prognosis of patients. Ultrasound has been used to observe the shape and movement of the diaphragm because of its noninvasive, convenient and repeatable advantages before. The application of ultrasound technique in COPD has been further expanded with the continuous progress about the theory and technology of ultrasound. In this paper, the progress of the theoretical basis, evaluation indexes, examination methods and clinical applications about diaphragm ultrasound in patients with COPD was reviewed in order to be helpful to guide clinical practice.