基于生物技术的肠道干细胞研究进展

肠道干细胞对于肠上皮各类细胞稳态的维持十分重要。正常情况下，位于隐窝基底部的肠道干细胞会不断向隐窝顶部迁移，在迁移过程中会分化形成不同的肠上皮细胞。肠道干细胞大约3-5天更新一次以维持肠道上皮的更新和损伤后修复。其中，在肠道上皮完整的条件下维持肠上皮动态平衡的主要是活跃型肠道干细胞，在肠道上皮损伤后发挥修复作用的主要是静止型肠道干细胞。近年来，随着生物技术的发展，关于肠道干细胞的研究一直在不断更新与发展。本文以国内外相关文献为基础，对应用于肠道干细胞研究中的主要生物技术、新发现的肠道干细胞标记物和调控因子进行综述。

Intestinal stem cells based on biotechnology:research progress

Intestinal stem cells are very important for the maintenance of the homeostasis of all kinds of intestinal epithelial cells. Under normal circumstances, intestinal stem cells located at the base of the crypt will continue to migrate to the top of the crypt and differentiate into different intestinal mucosal cells. Intestinal stem cells are updated about 3-5 days to maintain the renewal of intestinal epithelium and repair after injury. Among them, the active intestinal stem cells are the main ones to maintain the dynamic balance of intestinal epithelium under the condition of intact intestinal epithelium, while the reserve intestinal stem cells play a major role in repairing intestinal injury. In recent years, with the development of biotechnology, the research on intestinal stem cells has been constantly updated and developed. Based on the relevant literature at home and abroad, this paper corresponds to the main biotechnology, newly discovered intestinal stem cell markers and regulatory factors for intestinal stem cell research.