细胞免疫对乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果的影响

目的通过检测宫内感染乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus,HBV）婴幼儿外周血T细胞亚群的变化,进一步探讨乙型肝炎疫苗免疫失败的机制。方法选择HBV宫内感染免疫失败婴幼儿20例和免疫成功者29例,采用流式细胞术及荧光染色法,检测外周血T细胞亚群CD3^＋、CD4^＋和CD8^＋的变化。结果免疫成功组婴幼儿外周血CD3^＋为64.17%±8.01%,CD4^＋为39.55%±8.80%,CD8^＋为24.62%±7.23%;CD4^＋/CD8^＋比值为1.66±0.51。免疫失败组婴幼儿外周血CD3^＋、CD4^＋和CD8^＋分别为62.55%±7.32%、32.94%±7.58%和29.61%±7.08%;CD4^＋/CD8^＋比值为1.13±0.50。统计分析显示,CD3^＋T淋巴细胞百分数组间差异无显著性意义（P〉0.05）,CD4^＋T和CD8^＋T细胞在免疫失败组和免疫成功组有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论婴幼儿外周血CD4＋和CD8＋T细胞的数量变化可能是乙肝疫苗免疫接种失败的机制之一。

Influence of cellular immunity on the effect of hepatitis B vaccine

Objective： To study the mechanism of immunity failure with HBV intrauterine infection by detecting the changes of T cell subsets of peripheral blood.Methods： The changes of CD3^＋,CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ of T cell subsets of peripheral blood of 29 cases in successful immunity group and 20 cases in immunity failure group were respectively detected by the flow cytometry technique and fluorescence staining.Results： The percentage of CD3^＋,CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ of T cells were 64.17%±8.01%,39.55%±8.80% and1 24.62%±7.23% and the CD4^＋/CD8^＋ value was（1.66±0.51） in immunity responsive group.The percentage of CD3^＋,CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ of T cells were 62.55%±7.32%,32.94%±7.58% and 29.61%±7.08% and the CD4^＋/CD8^＋ value was（1.13±0.50） in the immunofailure group.No significant difference in CD3^＋T was found between two groups（P0.05）.But there was significant difference in CD4^＋T and CD8^＋T between two groups（P0.05）.Conclusion： The change in number of T cell subsets in peripheral blood may be one of the important factors of immunity failure of HBV vaccine.